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How to Use SPSS (R) is designed with the novice computer user in mind and for people who have no previous experience using SPSS. Each chapter is divided into short sections that describe the statistic being used, important underlying assumptions, and how to interpret the results and express them in a research report.

The book begins with the basics, such as starting SPSS, defining variables, and entering and saving data. It covers all major statistical techniques typically taught in beginning statistics classes, such a descriptive statistics, graphing data, prediction and association, parametric inferential statistics, nonparametric inferential statistics and statistics for test construction.

More than 275 screenshots (including sample output) throughout the book show students exactly what to expect as they follow along using SPSS. The book includes a glossary of statistical terms and practice exercises. A complete set of online resources including video tutorials and output files for students, and PowerPoint slides and test bank questions for instructors, make How to Use SPSS (R) the definitive, field-tested resource for learning SPSS.

New to this edition:

* Fully updated to the reflect SPSS version 31.

* The new SPSS color coded output for effect size of correlations is discussed in Chapter 5

* Minor errors in the matching of text and SPSS output have been corrected

Jean-Francois Melon (1675-1738) was the most widely read European political economist before Adam Smith. This book is the first collection dedicated to exploring the context, message, and reach of Melon's work.

The leitmotif of commerce versus conquest offers a key to Melon's vision. He argued that a new kind of commercial state must displace the war-oriented regimes of the past. The vitality of commerce was the crowning achievement and natural outcome of well-conceived statecraft, not simply a means to other ends. His Essai politique sur le commerce (1734, rev. 1736), which circulated in ten French-language editions and was translated into eight other languages, was the first comprehensive outline of a political economy appropriate for the modern state, overturning many contemporary conventions. Commerce versus Conquest explores the settings in which Melon wrote and the debates his work generated both within the French context and in translation. It also offers the first English translations of several key works by Melon including three new chapters of the expanded 1736 edition of the Essai.

This volume is intended for scholars and students of the history of economic thought, the history of political thought, French intellectual history, Enlightenment studies, and the history of capitalism.

A U.S. History of Pilot Training and Education explores the evolution of pilot training, from the Wright brothers' first flights to the advanced simulation systems of modern aviation. It delves into the challenges, innovations, and milestones that have shaped pilot education over the past 120 years, offering a unique perspective on how training has adapted to meet the demands of an ever-changing industry.

Through detailed research and firsthand insights, the book examines the pivotal moments in aviation history, including the impact of World War I and II on training methods, the rise of university-based aviation programs, and key differences in international training versus U.S.-based training. It also discusses the technological advancements that have revolutionized pilot education, from early flight simulators to today's computer-based training systems.

Flight instructors, aviation students, and pilots will benefit from historical and modern-day insights into the developing design and approaches to pilot training.

This edited volume offers the first critical perspective on how different business entities -from multinational corporations, to cooperatives, social enterprises, community wealth-building projects, activist hedge funds and Indigenous companies - envisage corporate accountability for human and ecological rights and how this connects to ideas and processes of democratizing the economy.

Taking an actor-focused approach and collecting interdisciplinary case studies of different industries across Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin and North America since 1945, the book examines a wide range of business reactions to social and judicial critiques, as well as its attempts to weaken international and national accountability processes or foster progressive frameworks of social equality and human and environmental rights. It therefore challenges the idea of neoliberal hegemony as a stable condition and emphasizes the diversity and fragmentation of business responses to corporate accountability and the way they intersect with wider struggles for economic justice and democracy, nature's rights, and ecological regeneration.

This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and practitioners in corporate accountability, human rights, social and environmental justice, democracy, and more broadly to law, sociology, civil society and political science.

Applied Psychometrics Using R Software is a hands on guide for anyone who needs to evaluate the quality of educational, psychological, or survey-based measures with confidence and clarity. Blending accessible theory with practical application, this book walks readers through the essential tools and techniques of modern psychometric practice-always with an eye toward real world use.

Each chapter tackles a core measurement topic, from item analysis and reliability to generalizability theory, validity, scoring, item response theory, equating, and differential item functioning. Concepts are introduced with just enough technical grounding to build understanding, followed by step by step demonstrations in R that show how to implement, interpret, and communicate psychometric analyses in practice.

Designed for researchers, practitioners, and graduate students, this book aims to be the resource that gets pulled off the shelf again and again: the volume handed to a student who needs a clear explanation, the reference that steadily rises to the top of a working researcher's desk, the companion tucked into a graduate student's bag on the way to class, the text proudly listed on syllabi, and-on occasion-the coaster beneath a mug of coffee during deep reflection on a stubborn measurement problem.

Whether you are learning psychometric methods for the first time or refining your applied skills, Applied Psychometrics using R Software offers guidance, insight, and a bit of good natured companionship as you navigate the challenges of measurement in the social sciences.

As the global climate catastrophe accelerates, economic theories struggle to offer policies for sustainable development. Japanese Political Economy of the Environment draws on Japan's experiences, struggles and environmental constraints to illuminate a new economic vision incorporating both state and market institutions.

Tracing Japan's path from industrialization and pollution to environmental policy, this volume emphasizes real-world challenges. Part I (Thoughts and Theories) traces the legacy of Japanese pioneers of environmental economics such as Shigeto Tsuru and Hirofumi Uzawa, alongside K.W. Kapp's social costs and ecological Marxism. Part II (History and Policies) critically examines Japan's history of energy and environmental policies, the aftermath of the Fukushima nuclear disaster, and the contemporary 'carbon-captive political-economic structure'. These analyses highlight the decisive importance of governance in overcoming environmental crises.

Exploring Japan's theoretical and empirical insights, this book is a vital resource for scholars, students and reflective policymakers seeking to understand and ameliorate environmental crisis and deliver sustainable development.

Economics has long been shaped by the figure of the self-interested individual. Yet many forms of economic action cannot be adequately understood through the lens of self-interest alone.

This book reconstructs Amartya Sen's understanding of economic agents and economic motives, showing how concepts such as commitment, self-sacrifice, agency, responsibility, and capabilities contribute to an alternative view of economic behavior grounded in social relationships. Drawing on the history of economic thought, economic methodology, and social economics, the book situates Sen's reflections within a broader intellectual tradition that includes Aristotle, Adam Smith, and the civil economy tradition. It argues that Sen developed an implicit but coherent conception of economic agents as socially embedded individuals whose decisions are shaped not only by personal advantage but also by ethical commitments, concern for others, and participation in collective life. The book further explores the strengths and limitations of this perspective through a dialogue with contemporary interpretations of Sen's work and examines its relevance for understanding hybrid organizations, particularly social enterprises. By connecting Sen's ideas to questions of reciprocity, cooperation, and social responsibility, it offers a novel framework for analysing economic action beyond the conventional model of homo oeconomicus.

This book will be of interest to scholars and students of social economics, the history of economic thought, economic methodology, political economy, and capability studies. By bringing together historical reconstruction, methodological inquiry, and contemporary socio-economic challenges, it also offers valuable insights for researchers working in applied and qualitative economics, social enterprise studies, and related fields concerned with the social and relational foundations of economic action.

Modern co-operative and mutual enterprises (CMEs) are member-owned corporations. Found around the world and across all industries, CMEs exist to solve economic and/or social problems. Funded by the Australian Research Council (ARC) the research underlying this book draws upon multiple longitudinal case studies across industries and nations, collected, and analysed by the authors, to examine the economic and social contribution of the CME business model to their members at a regional or national level. Commencing with an overview of the nature and history of CMEs, the book deploys multiple theoretical frameworks to examine the roles played by social cooperation, government policy, industry structure, and the natural environment in shaping CME business models, corporate strategies, and organisational configurations. The book concludes with a synthesis of the economic and social contributions of these cases, examining their similarities and differences with comparison cases and broader global research. The book's greatest strengths are its historical depth, the scale of its empirical base, and its practical relevance to CME practitioners and policymakers. The inclusion of demutualisation cases alongside enduring success stories gives the analysis genuine critical balance. This is a significant and timely contribution to the CME literature, offering both theoretical rigour and rich empirical grounding. It will be of considerable value to researchers, educators, CME directors and managers, and anyone interested in alternative enterprise models that prioritise community and member benefit alongside economic sustainability.

Artificial Intelligence in Economic and Financial Analysis: Machine Learning for Forecasting, Modelling and Decision-Making examines the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in transforming economics and finance in increasingly digital, data-driven global economies.

The book explores how intelligent technologies are reshaping forecasting, modelling, financial analysis, and decision-making through predictive analytics, automation, and computational intelligence. It provides a comprehensive discussion of the theoretical foundations of AI and ML before examining their applications across macroeconomic forecasting, labour market analytics, algorithmic trading, insurance analytics, fraud detection, credit scoring, and natural language processing. The book further analyses how AI-driven systems are influencing financial services, economic policy analysis, digital finance, and intelligent governance while also addressing ethical and regulatory concerns relating to transparency, explainability, cybersecurity, accountability, and algorithmic bias. In addition, emerging developments such as generative AI, autonomous systems, and intelligent financial technologies are discussed to provide insight into the future of economics and finance.

Designed for academics, researchers, postgraduate students, policymakers, and industry professionals, this book offers both theoretical and practical perspectives on how AI and ML are reshaping economic and financial systems in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

A vibrant manufacturing sector is essential to the economic welfare and national security of the United States. Yet for decades, industry and government leaders have avoided practices that other nations have embraced. These choices now place the U.S. at a disadvantage when establishing and scaling new manufacturing capabilities. Two simple questions reveal the core of the problem. First: Why has the United States lost 33% of its manufacturing workforce (six million jobs) since 2000? Second: Why has Germany, a fellow high-tech economy, avoided anything close to such losses?

This book provides honest, evidence-based answers to these questions, illuminating the policy failures, structural weaknesses, and strategic gaps that have undermined American manufacturing. More importantly, they point directly to the steps required to spark a true revival of modern U.S. manufacturing. Blending clear explanation with sharp analysis, this book offers a comprehensive tour of the American manufacturing ecosystem: its economic and strategic value, its global competitors, and the forces (e.g., trade policy, management philosophies, cybertheft, intellectual property, labor practices, and government investment) that shape its strength. It also provides one of the first nuanced discussions of the ethics of manufacturing and trade, confronting issues that are often ignored yet essential to any honest conversation about global competition.

The book challenges readers to look beyond familiar headlines. Yes, the United States runs a massive trade deficit with China-but few realize that state-sponsored cybertheft extracts a comparable amount each year. Many know about labor abuses in overseas factories, but far fewer understand how illegal labor practices distort global markets or why certain investments are labeled "infrastructure" while others are dismissed as threats to free markets. These realities matter, and they directly influence America's economic resilience, national security, and technological future. At its core, this is a call to rethink American manufacturing-not as a fading relic of shuttered foundries, but as a foundation for high-tech growth, well-paid careers, and national strength. It explains how decades of underinvestment and policy missteps allowed competitors to surge ahead, especially after China entered the WTO, and it outlines what the United States must do to rebuild a thriving, competitive manufacturing base.

This book invites readers to imagine a different future: one where factories are expanding, not closing; where innovation is made in America; and where national defense and economic prosperity are never in doubt. The United States has long been a manufacturing powerhouse. With informed policy and renewed commitment, it can remain one.