歴史学 — 全 下位分類

As a result of mass urbanization from the late nineteenth century onward, an acute housing shortage in Russia and the associated "housing question" rapidly grew to such a large scale that no single group was able to tackle it in its entirety. Complicated, ideologically fraught negotiations and solutions emerged, failed, and occasionally partially succeeded over time. The Unruly Everyday unearths and detangles the contours of this history, exploring what it tells us not just about Soviet and Russian housing but about the messy process by which society changes.

Beyond tracing contestations about housing in particular, Deirdre Ruscitti Harshman explores how the concept of the "everyday" was used to critique the limitations of the present and to imagine alternatives. She argues that the ways various groups worked, sometimes collaboratively and sometimes contentiously, through these negotiations transcended neat pre- and postrevolutionary binaries, in terms of both chronology and ideology. The issues and local responses remained largely the same no matter what type of central government controlled the Kremlin. Critically, the housing problem was instead addressed by the development of various forms of local power-whose very existence and capacities undermine the perception of both tsarist and Soviet Russia as autocratic, highly centralized states.

Hasidism, a vibrant Jewish mystical movement, emerged in Eastern Europe in the eighteenth century. Among its branches, Chabad took root and flourished in tsarist Russia, radiating its distinct intellectual and spiritual approach from the Russian town of Lubavitch. But World War I, the October Revolution, and the rise of the Soviet regime shattered the Chabad community and forced its leader, Rebbe Yosef Yitshak Schneersohn, into exile - first to Latvia and later to Poland, home to Europe's largest Jewish population at the time.

While Poland appeared to offer a stable refuge and fertile grounds for rebuilding Chabad's institutional and religious foundations, the movement soon confronted a series of profound challenges: shifting internal political conditions, fierce competition within the Jewish communal sphere, and rapidly evolving social realities. Drawing on an exceptional range of Hebrew, Yiddish, Polish, and Russian archival sources, Wojciech Tworek explores how these pressures forced Chabad to adapt and redefine itself within the context of modernity. He traces Chabad's mystical teachings, literary production, institutional expansion, and evolving ritual life during the interwar years, demonstrating how amid a turbulent era of displacement and reinvention its leadership strategically reinterpreted - and at times recast - the movement's past. In doing so, it laid the groundwork for Chabad's postwar messianic orientation, its global outreach, and the emergence of an increasingly influential form of Orthodox fundamentalism.

The first full account of Chabad's interwar transformation, The Polish Exile fills a vital gap in the study of Jewish history and religion.

When on May 12, 1848, Sam Brannan walked down San Francisco's Market Street, holding high a bottle of gold dust and shouting, "Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!" he initiated the great California Gold Rush. As prospectors flooded into California, they also caused a surge in crime. In Crimewave author Matt Bernstein presents twenty-four of the most audacious and chaotic incidents in the Far West, bringing to light stories from frontier California that have too long remained hidden.

Benjamin Franklin Washington, great-grandnephew of George Washington himself, fought in the Sacramento Riot of 1850 and participated in a duel against a rival newspaper editor in San Francisco. Lucius Fairchild, who would become a Civil War hero, witnessed the rise of a vigilance committee in San Andreas and its deadly aftermath. Charles Cora, a New Orleans gambler, helped spark the largest vigilance committee in American history when he gunned down a US marshal on a crowded San Francisco street. The gold in the streams and mountains attracted prospectors, but criminals found other ways to enrich themselves. Through crooked games of chance, highway robbery, outright assassination, and schemes so devious they almost defy the imagination, the men and women that rushed to California brought the best and worst elements to a land already inhabited by wolves, mountain lions, and grizzly bears.

The result was a cultural phenomenon, the Wild West in California, a story rich with bloodshed, betrayal, and naked ambition. As the Gold Rush gave way to the Civil War, the silver seventies, and the close of the frontier, the violence only increased. Every day proved a gamble. But that didn't stop men from taking outrageous chances, for the promise of riches often outweighed the risk, so long as one was quick on the draw.

From 1802 to 1813, Nemesio Salcedo served as commandant general of the Spanish Internal Provinces, making him the preeminent military and civil authority over a roughly 1.5 million square mile region that stretched from the western bank of the Mississippi River to the eastern border of modern California and south to what is today north-central Mexico. As commandant general, Salcedo's duty was to keep the peace with indigenous peoples, promote economic and population growth, and maintain Spanish sovereignty over western North America during the most tumultuous time in the history of western North America.

Trouble began in 1803 when the Louisiana Purchase placed an ambitious and expansionist United States on the doorstep of the Internal Provinces. With inadequate resources Salcedo was forced to oppose what the Spanish regarded as illegal expeditions by the likes of Lewis and Clark and Zebulon Pike, led by American General James Wilkinson. Smugglers, escaped enslaved people, hostile Native American tribes, and even the subversive efforts of agents sent by Napoleon and former US Vice President Aaron Burr further destabilized the border and threatened Salcedo's rule.

Amid crises, Salcedo pursued progressive initiatives that placed him among the most forward-thinking people of his day. He initiated a smallpox inoculation program that saved incalculable lives, established the first school for girls in western North America, and sponsored scientific expeditions meant to map, measure, and better understand the lands and peoples under Spanish claim.

On a level with Thomas Jefferson, Miguel Hidalgo, and Napoleon Bonaparte, Nemesio Salcedo reshaped the geopolitics of the American west in the early nineteenth century. The Gatekeeper: Nemesio Salcedo and the North American West introduces readers to an important, yet heretofore less recognized leader during a period of profound change.

Mobility and Materiality in Byzantine-Islamic Relations, 7th-12th Centuries offers a fresh perspective on the medieval Eastern Mediterranean by exploring the movement of people, objects and ideas across boundaries, challenging established views of frontiers, commerce, ideology and identity in Byzantine-Islamic relations. Ranging from foodstuffs, ceramics and mosaics to clergy, artisans and the movement of words across languages, the volume follows the flows of exchange that linked a vast region extending from Constantinople, the Aegean and Anatolia to the Near East and the Mediterranean islands.

Against the background of anthropological theories of exchange, the fourteen contributors examine trade, diplomacy, migration, warfare, and religious and artistic exchange as interconnected processes that often overlapped and reinforced one another. At the same time, they explore mobility as a transformative force that reshaped societies, identities and cultural practices, while also altering the very people, objects and ideas in motion. Equally important is the volume's engagement with recent approaches to materiality, which treat objects, infrastructures, landscapes and technologies as active participants in processes of interaction and change. Combining theoretical reflection with textual, archaeological, numismatic, sigillographic and art historical evidence, the volume challenges conventional views of Byzantine-Islamic relations as interactions between isolated societies. Instead, it reveals a medieval Mediterranean shaped by exchange, mobility and materiality, which in turn were transformed by cultural frameworks and institutions such as states.

The volume will be of interest to scholars and students in the fields of Byzantine Studies, Islamic Near Eastern Studies, Mediterranean Studies, mobility and materiality studies as well as frontier studies

Forthcoming Fall 2026

Published to great acclaim in French and now available for the first time in English, Elissa Mailaender's groundbreaking book explores how the Nazi regime used sexuality to promote political loyalty, conformity, and cohesion among "ordinary" Germans. Beginning before the collapse of the Weimar Republic and continuing through the postwar American occupation of Germany, Mailaender's study highlights the complex and conflicted ways that sexual "liberation," repression, and violence were used and experienced in the everyday lives of citizens of the Reich. Her analysis draws on a vast array of sources, from legal dossiers to private photographs and letters, as well as public archives, magazines, and movies. Mailaender's findings are often uncomfortable; she demonstrates, for example, that a significant number of women who were not persecuted by the regime saw shifts in gender and sexual norms as positive developments-ones that some felt were lost under the American occupation, with its own routines of military sexual exploitation. What emerges is a portrait of a regime that was less interested in repressing sexuality than in reinventing it according to a racist, elitist, and homophobic agenda.

Muslims, Jews, Christians and Pagans: Studies on Pre- and Early Islamic History brings together eleven studies published between 2009 and 2024, arranged in three sections: Pre-Islamic idols, Mu?ammad at Medina, and Jews and Christians in early Islam.

Based on a wide range of primary sources that are now more accessible than ever, the volume offers a rigorously critical and finely textured exploration of early Islamic history. Rather than relying on grand narratives, Lecker illuminates the subject through background details, genealogies, geographical information, and other fragmentary evidence, assembling a mosaic that at times draws us closer to the turbulent formative centuries of Islam.

This volume will appeal to readers interested in the history of Jews, Christians, and pagans in late antiquity and early Islam, the Arabian Peninsula on the eve of Islam and in its earliest period, and the political, social, and economic history of the early Islamic world.