アジア・中東・アフリカ・ラテンアメリカ・オセアニア — 全 下位分類

A timely history of the connections between science, segregation, and species in twentieth-century South Africa.

Throughout the twentieth century, rural South Africa was dominated by systems of racial segregation and apartheid that brutally oppressed its Black population. At the same time, the countryside was defined by a related settler obsession: the control of animals that farmers, scientists, and state officials considered pests. Elephants rampaged on farmlands, trampling fences, crops, and occasionally humans. Grain-eating birds flocked on plantations, devouring harvests. Bubonic plague crept across the veld in the bodies of burrowing and crop-devouring rodents.

In Segregated Species, Jules Skotnes-Brown argues that racial segregation and pest control were closely connected in early twentieth-century South Africa. Strategies for the containment of pests were redeployed for the management of humans and vice versa. Settlers blamed racialized populations for the abundance of pests and mobilized metaphors of pestilence to dehumanize them. Even knowledge produced about pests was segregated into the binary categories of "native" and "scientific." Black South Africans critiqued such injustices, and some circulated revolutionary rhetoric through images and metaphors of locusts.

Ultimately, pest-control practices played an important role in shaping colonial hierarchies of race and species and in mediating relationships among human groups. Skotnes-Brown demonstrates that the history of South Africa-and colonial history generally-cannot be fully understood without analyzing the treatment of both animals and humans.

This book centres the voices of a group of marginalized residents in Grenada's ghetto to examine questions of poverty and survival and how, within this context, residents are able to focus on improvement and equity for their children through education.

As a developing nation in the Caribbean influenced by both its British colonial past and its proximity to the United States, Grenada is still rife with poverty, and access to quality education is limited. The author examines this tradition of the ghetto as the centre of community and a force for positivity among youth, and develops a theory of education and deficit poverty through examples of citizens living in a developing state. Using functionalism, life course, and other systems theories, the book examines how institutions can support communities, and, in contrast, how families in poverty support themselves in the wake of system failure, to the extent that some children become successful university graduates, entrepreneurs, and world travellers.

A cutting analysis of the development of equity through education in states left behind by colonialism and globalisation, this book offers new understandings of survival and criminality caused by deficit poverty. It will appeal to scholars, faculty, and researchers with interests in international education, education and globalisation, small island states, life course theory, systems theory, and anthropology.

In 2019, after decades of ecological damage from oil, Waorani people took to the streets of Amazonian Ecuador to protest drilling on their ancestral lands. Working with international activists, lawyers, and other Indigenous groups, they successfully sued the government for selling oil concessions without prior consent. Placing their struggle for territorial autonomy in the global spotlight, this unprecedented legal victory for environmental rights by an Indigenous people reflected the new forms of collaboration emerging in contemporary Amazonia. Translating Worlds, Defending Land explores how Waorani collaborations, whether with environmentalists or academic researchers, bring about new possibilities, challenges, and imaginative horizons.

Based on fieldwork over a period of twenty-five years, Casey High interrogates what these engagements mean for Indigenous communities and how they offer critical reflection on collaboration as a concept, method, and practice. The alliances, misunderstandings, and conflicts that emerge in these contexts challenge the assumption that productive collaborations reflect-or require-shared purposes, generating important implications for an engaged anthropology open to reconsidering what constitutes ethnographic knowledge and who it is for. As some young Waorani adults become not just community leaders or environmental citizens, but also skilled researchers and ethnographers, translating between Indigenous understandings of land and the Western language conservation, they create a powerful new voice in international environmental politics.

This book presents a comprehensive portrait of how Indians conceived of the idea of India. It highlights the diverse traditions and intellectual threads that contributed to the making of vibrant democracy.

The book:

* Examines the different ideas of India through 14 eminent Indian thinkers: Mahatma Gandhi, Rabindranath Tagore, Dayanand Saraswati, VD Savarkar, Savitribai Phule, Pandita Ramabai, Maulana Azad, Jawaharlal Nehru, BR Ambedkar, Subhash Chandra Bose, Aurobindo Ghosh, Sarala Devi Chaudhurani and MA Jinnah;
* Highlights how ancient and modern intellectual discourses coalesced with the aspirations of ordinary Indians under the yoke of colonialism;
* Challenges colonial constructs and linear approaches to studying India.

Accessibly written, this book is essential reading for students and researchers of Indian political thought, modern history, political science, and South Asian studies.

This book focuses on the historical and sociological dimensions of scientists working in laboratories in India, offering insights into the historical, sociological and policy factors that shape scientific pursuits. It illuminates the challenges, accomplishments and the evolving role of science in societal development.

The author initiates a broader discourse on the interplay between scientific advancements, societal contexts and policy frameworks. The book fosters a deeper understanding of science's role in shaping India's social fabric and contributing to the global scientific dialogue. It also explores issues such as brain drain, science activism and the conflict between university- and government-run models of science.

Lucid and topical, the book will be of considerable interest to both social and natural scientists, as well as the general academic community, including research students in science, technology, history, social history of science, science and technology studies and innovation policies.

Hamilton explores in a short history how all men gained the vote, self-government and the secret ballot in South Australia (1856), Victoria (1857), and New South Wales (1858).

Australia permanently democratised without a violent revolution, and at a very early time. In 1851-1858, local parliaments in the British colonies of New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia gave all men the vote, including Aboriginal and Chinese men, the secret ballot, and self-government of local affairs. Britain approved, this book examines the parliamentary debate which led to these radical democracies. Debates covered voting eligibility, the secret ballot, the upper house of parliament, equal electorates, multiple voting, illiterate voters, control of Crown lands, terms of parliament, payment of members, and separation of Church and State. British parliamentary tradition was combined with the advanced liberal thinking of the time, Chartism with the British constitution. The democratisation of 1851-1858 in the three largest Australian colonies was as fundamental to Australian prosperity as the 'mixed' market economy.

This is a vital text for scholars of democracy as well as those interested in Australian Studies, Australian History, Political Science, Constitutional Law, and the building blocks of first-world prosperity.

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

This book offers a philosophical analysis of the environmental crisis in the Indian Sundarbans, drawing upon phenomenological narratives. It nuances the present understanding of the crisis by introducing plurality in our metaphysical understanding of the environment and epistemological understanding of the human-environment relationship.

Contemporary research on the Sundarbans mainly focuses on the impending threat of climate change, natural disasters, as well as increasing human-animal conflict, conservation, and forest access debates, while scholarly works have mostly used environmental impact assessments to offer technocratic solutions that prioritize a particular type of human-environment relationship characterized by an "anticipation of ruin." Rather than rushing to find solutions, I embark on a journey to unpack the meaning of crisis through phenomenological narratives of human-environment relationships. A deep dive into the human-environment relationship through an intentional engagement with the work-worlds of islanders, the formation of a more-than-human community is revealed, giving rise to community-based ethic that transcends the poverty of thought and imagination in comprehending the crisis of the Indian Sundarbans. This new ethical framework emphasizes the co-emergence of self-consciousness and eco-consciousness, serving as a moral impetus for individuals to act ethically towards the environment. This approach impels us to rethink what the Sundarbans is, how the crisis gets manifested to the inlanders and outsiders, and what kind of procedural changes are required to protect the Sundarbans as a living ecosystem instead of a natural museum.

The book's phenomenological depth and engaged philosophical framework will elicit deep interest from within academia and among practitioners who are working in environmental studies, philosophy, human ecology, and island studies. The convergence of conceptual understandings and field narratives will also draw the interest of research students working in correlated fields.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to Audiovisual Translation (AVT) in India. It examines the AVT of TV advertisements, analyses trends and practices of AVT in India, and studies the challenges faced by AV translators, including synchronising video with voice/dialogue in advertisements and time and space/text compression for subtitling. The volume studies the interplay of language, culture transfer, and the role of the AV translator in Indian AV advertisement translations and looks at how global advertising impacts local language and culture. It emphasises the role of the translator and explores how the translator devises strategies by considering various elements in an AV medium to achieve equivalence through the translation process.

Drawing on case studies, this work will be indispensable to students and researchers of translation studies, media studies, language and linguistics, advertising, film studies, communication studies, and South Asian studies.

This textbook offers a unique insight into the theoretical and applied aspects of human development in relation to the cultural traditions of non-Western countries.

Presented in a modular form, this comprehensive and thematic approach to lifespan development will help students develop an understanding of human development in varied Indian social contexts. Covering all stages of development including the development of self and personality, social understanding, human strengths, sustainable development, lifelong learning, and many more, the book highlights current research in these areas as well as provides learning objectives, points for reflection, web links, and a glossary.

This book is an essential reading for undergraduate students of psychology, human development, and allied fields, as well as for postgraduates with an interest in studying human development in a non-Western context.

This book explores the Moroccan Rif and the city of Al Hoceima, combining local voices and ethnographic insights to provide a comprehensive and unique overview of the multifaceted dynamics of the Mediterranean region.

The focus of the book is on the society, culture, and people of the region, namely the Rifians. Throughout, their voices are interwoven with first-hand ethnographic data, geographical, ethnohistorical, and anthropological insights, as well as 100 photographs, giving the reader an in-depth understanding of Rifian society and culture. The book also considers other themes, including maritime and mountain economies, ecologies in times of climatic change, transregional entanglements, migration, and the tense relationship between the Rif's inhabitants and the Moroccan monarchy. This book places particular emphasis on the generation of young Rifians who took to the streets in 2016-17 after the tragic death of a fishmonger in Al Hoceima. After months of protests involving thousands of people, at times spreading to other cities in Morocco and as far as Europe, the Makhzen, the power elite that governs Morocco, eventually took back the stage and crushed the popular protest movement. Today, despite the apparent calm, the situation in the region remains tense beneath the surface.

Examining a wide range of topics related to the Rifians in northern Morocco, the book will appeal to anyone interested in the Mediterranean region, Middle Eastern society, and anthropology.

Articulating the shifting interests in Korean art and offering new ways of conceiving the biases that initiated and impacted its collecting, this book traces the rise of the modern Korean art market from its formative period in the 1870s through to its peak and subsequent decline in the 1930s.

The discussion centres on the collecting of Koryo celadon ceramics as they formed the focal point of commercial exchanges of Korean artefacts and explores how their acquisition and ownership formed part of the complex power relationship that played out between the Koreans, Japanese, Americans, and Europeans. Drawing on a wide range of primary sources, the volume analyses collectors' acquisition practices, arguing that their fascination with ceramics from the Koryo kingdom (918-1392) was shaped not only by the aesthetic appeal of the objects but also by biased perceptions of the Korean peninsula, its history, and people.

The book will be of interest to scholars working in art history, social history, cultural history, Korean studies, collection studies, museum studies, Korean history, and Asian studies.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

India Migration Report 2024: Indians in Canada is one of the first volumes to comprehensively examine and analyse the different facets of Indian migration to Canada.

This volume:

* Examines the comprehensive history of Indian migration to Canada, including the story of social, cultural, economic, and political integration, analysis of socio-economic characteristics, and evolving political scenarios surrounding student migration and diasporas.

* Presents an overview of migration and post-migration experiences of Indian immigrant and Indo-Canadian women and the rising trend of high-skilled Indian female migration to Canada.

* Discusses the influence of Canadian immigration policy and its effects on the changing immigration patterns of Indians to Canada.

* Examines the challenges faced by Indian immigrants and Indo-Canadians due to deeply entrenched Eurocentric and Ethnocentric biases and the impact of COVID-19 on the community.

* Explores the effect of adult children's migration on the health and suffering from disability of elderly left behind in the migration process.

The book also discusses leveraging migration for international development. The book will be of interest to scholars, students, researchers, or anyone interested in migration and diasporic studies, development studies, the politics of migration, immigration policy, social anthropology, economics, and sociology.

Although Mexican emigration to the United States is still relevant, it has also become a return, transit, and recipient country for thousands of refugees. Now, many of these migrants, refugees, and their families stay on Mexican soil territory, trying to integrate within Mexican society.

This book brings together leading experts in Mexico and covers the political dimension of integration for migrants in Mexico analyzing integration policies, civil society efforts, and public opinion from various angles. In this context, many questions arise. Among the most relevant: What has the federal government done to assist these migrant groups, who often arrive in conditions of great vulnerability? What policies have been implemented at the subnational level of government to adequately integrate these population groups? What actions have been implemented by other local actors, such as civil society organizations? What do Mexicans think about newcomers?

Migrant and Refugee Integration in Mexico will be of interest to students and scholars across a range of disciplines including international relations, development studies, anthropology, international studies, sociology, and Latin American studies.

Gramsci's theory of common sense is a metanarrative that can be used to explain both religion and political formations. This book examines Gramsci's perspective and how his theories translate into South Asian society. It explores Gramsci's historicism, which is sensitive to historical, regional and national differences, and its relevance in post-colonial societies.

The volume discusses themes like common sense, religious common sense, folk religion, dialogue and common sense concerning civil/political society through the lens of Gramsci's historical perspectives. It also looks at Gramscian critique of political secularism, the ideology and politics of Hindutva, civil society in a non-Western context and modes of political society in India.

Lucid and topical, this book is a must-read for scholars and researchers of political studies, political philosophy, post-colonial studies, South Asian politics, cultural studies and political sociology.

This book represents examples of innovations in digital humanities (DH) efforts across India while theorizing disparate challenges and its negotiations. It examines DH projects that have spanned private and public efforts, institutionally sanctioned lab-work, and crowd-sourced programmes of public significance and shows how collectively they demonstrate the potential paths of DH in India.

The essays in the volume highlight the two fundamental challenges for DH - acts of curation of new scales and the creation of platforms that can assist in the collation and analysis of these digital archives - and changes in learning behaviour. They examine the transformation of the university, and the opening up of new relationships between knowledge and audience in concomitant spaces of scholarship such as libraries, archives, and museums. The volume brings to the fore citizen efforts to document, record, and preserve as well as create new avenues of study and forge networks of scholarship that look very different from those of traditional academia. It also foregrounds the challenges of location and addresses the questions of how DH should be taught in India and how to build digital infrastructures.

A go-to guide for DH efforts in India, this book will be an essential text for courses on digital humanities, library and information sciences, and the future of experiential learning.

Keramat, holy graves and shrines, represent physical markers of Singapore's history as a multi-ethnic maritime trading center. They offered sanctified spaces not only for Muslims but also for the entire community in which they emerged. Maintained by self-appointed caretakers, the stories of keramat often interweave fact with folklore that mirror the history and sensibilities of the community.

While once an abundant part of the social landscape of Singapore, many keramat were destroyed during the post-independence rush to develop. These keramat now face a second vanishing with memories of them fading as caretakers and community members age and pass away. In parallel, many modern Muslims consider keramat as a form of shirk, or polytheism, and tacitly consent to their destruction. This book concludes by critically examining the often-tense relationship between keramat and authority, both secular and religious, from colonial to modern times. The dilemmas of grappling with puritanical norms and grassroots elaborations in varying modes of preservation are investigated using case studies from Singapore and the wider region.

A vital resource for scholars, this work contributes to a people's history of Singapore, one that both deepens and problematizes official historical accounts.

This book offers an illuminating exploration into the complex world of political communication in South Korea from 2016 to 2021.

Through an in-depth analysis of 34 political conversations totalling over 275 hours, this book presents a groundbreaking interdisciplinary study combining quantitative and qualitative methods. It delves into the intricate design and strategic use of questions and answers in political dialogue, shedding light on the underlying rhetoric, strategy, and power dynamics. By examining the seismic shifts in South Korea's political landscape, including a major political scandal, the impeachment of the president, North-South relations, and the COVID-19 pandemic, this work presents a unique perspective on how political conversations shape, and are shaped by, societal and global events. It is a vital contribution to the study of Korean linguistics, offering tools and frameworks for analyzing political dialogue in a political setting.

An indispensable resource for scholars and students in the fields of linguistics, political science, communication studies, and Asian studies, as well as political enthusiasts and professionals engaged in diplomatic and governmental sectors. It offers readers insights into the nuanced strategies of political discourse, enhancing their understanding of how language shapes politics and vice versa.

This book offers a global perspective on the latest advancements and trends in digital humanities and intelligent computing of cultural heritage, covering both academic research and case studies within cultural institutions.

This edited volume brings together views and practices from different regions, including Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, and Australia. It offers innovative approaches and case studies related to humanities data and digital methods, with a focus on digital humanities research and pedagogy and cultural heritage organisation and preservation, in particular the development of digital knowledge repositories and methods for digital intelligence in cultural heritage. Each case study highlights unique cultural characteristics and academic histories, resulting in diverse development priorities and thematic directions. However, this diversity can also lead to imbalances and isolation within the field. To gain a better understanding of the complex trends in the development of the digital humanities, this book offers valuable insights from case studies and research practices, showcasing global contributions from scholars and institutions.

This title will appeal to scholars and students of digital humanities and information science, particularly those studying heritage management and intelligent computing. Professionals working at the intersection of technology and cultural heritage will also find this book of great interest.

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

The third edition of Critical Issues in Contemporary China offers an in-depth and up-to-date analysis of Xi Jinping's strategies to address critical domestic and international challenges facing China in a 'new era'.

This book joins the current debates about Xi Jinping's 'new era', reflecting upon the continuity and change in the CCP's domestic and foreign policies under Xi's leadership and Xi's capacity to realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation. The international team of contributors evaluate such pressing issues as:

• Xi's re-centralization of power and securitization of domestic politics
• the Chinese economic model
• state-civil society relations
• Xi's gender policy and return to the traditional family values
• Beijing's responses to unrest in Xinjiang and Hong Kong
• Xi's evolving unification strategies towards Taiwan
• the Belt and Road Initiative, and
• the deterioration of US-China relations.

Providing readers with rich empirical assessment of Xi's responses to the political, economic, social and international challenges facing contemporary China, the third edition of Critical Issues will be an essential resource for students of Chinese politics, economy, society and foreign relations.