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The 19th-century copyright revolution gave authors and translators powerful tools over the use of their works. It encouraged publishers to form networks that connected them to writers, translators, authors' societies, and literary agents worldwide. This book argues that the development of international frameworks for the protection of literary property represented a watershed in the transnational circulation of texts in translation. Through the lens of the post-Unification Italian translation market of British and US authors (1900-1947), it combines a copyright historical approach to book history with a systematic survey of British and Italian archives. It positions the Italian publishing industry within the broader European and transatlantic copyright market to explore the cultural, social, and political value of translation rights, offering a new interpretative key to the transnational nature of the modern book trade.

This volume offers a concise overview of cyber warfare, providing historical context and an examination of its rapid development into a potent technological weapon of the 21st century.

Ready-reference entries profile key individuals, organizations, technologies, and cyberattack events. Readers will also discover a curated selection of relevant primary source documents with insightful analyses. A chronology, cross references at the end of each entry, and a guide to related topics help readers discover and navigate content and form a more robust conceptual framework of the subject. Entry-specific further readings and an end-of-volume bibliography point readers toward additional resources and serve as a gateway to further learning.

This second edition features more than 30 new entries, including coverage of recent high-profile events such as cyberattacks during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russo-Ukrainian War. Other new entries examine the development and potential cybersecurity impacts of artificial intelligence, cryptocurrency, ransomware, and other emerging technologies. The documents section includes 7 new primary sources, offering perspectives from the U.S. government, European Union, People's Republic of China, and others. Updates to entries, the chronology, further readings, and the end-of-volume bibliography capture the significant developments of this ever-evolving topic. This new volume continues the expert scholarship of the first edition of Encyclopedia of Cyber Warfare, which was named a Top Ten Reference by Booklist in 2018.

This authoritative, balanced, and accessible reference resource provides readers with a wide-ranging survey of capital punishment in America, including its history, its legal and cultural foundations, and racial and economic factors in its application.

This carefully crafted primer on the history and present state of capital punishment in the United States examines cultural, political, and legal factors and developments, as well as key figures, groups, and movements, by consolidating a wide variety of material into a single, convenient source.

Utilizing a rich and varied array of scholarship and primary sources, this work examines historical, political, cultural, and legal factors and developments that have shaped the contours of capital punishment throughout American history. It examines key figures and organizations who have played pivotal roles in debates over the death penalty; provides readers with illuminating coverage of laws, cases, and the people involved; discusses the experiences of death row inmates; and explores questions and controversies revolving around the socioeconomic factors that influence the use of capital punishment.

This Dictionary provides the theoretical summary and conceptual framework around the milestones obtained through Chinese reform and development and highlights the research achievements of Chinese economics over the past 40 years. It also presents Chinese economics to the world, featuring the Belt and Road Initiative and the Chinese theory and Chinese system to be known and shared internationally with a Chinese intellectual foundation. It sets out to frame the theoretical achievements of extraction and summary of practice experience from Chinese reform and development. The choice of entries in the Dictionary seeks to embody the very Chinese characteristics of economics and the combination of theory and practice is illuminated. Furthermore, the dictionary explores examples of scientific achievements that traditional economics has brought forward and how they fit and unify within both a Chinese, as well as an international context.

The challenges of developing research and generating scientific knowledge in environments that involve subjective aspects related to employees, customers, managers, leaders, inspectors, auditors, among other stakeholders in the business environment, can be overwhelming for students that are new to this type of inquiry. This textbook presents an integrated view of qualitative research strategies with data collection and analysis techniques.

The book explores nine distinct research strategies, namely ethnography, phenomenology, grounded theory, case study, design science research, grounded design, action research, participatory action research, and action-design research.

In terms of analyzing data, the author describes various reading techniques, how to code the text, and how to use software to aid in the analysis.

The final section of the book explains how to write up the results of qualitative research, including article structure and selecting an outlet for publication.

Students will benefit from the plentiful examples and exercises that highlight the interweaving of data collection and analysis as well as concrete guidelines on engaging in qualitative research. At a time in which qualitative research is becoming more rigorous to meet the demands of the field, this textbook will prove a valuable resource for the next generation of business researchers.

The textbook is primarily aimed at students and younger researchers and offers a concise but systematic practical guide to planning and conducting qualitative expert interviews in political science. It provides a methodologically sound and application- or problem-oriented approach to this form of independent qualitative data collection.

The English translation of this book, originally in German, was facilitated by artificial intelligence. The content was later revised by the author for accuracy and adapted to an international readership.

Lessons, resources, and annotated answer keys for instructors at all levels in teaching copyright law.

The teaching of copyright and related concepts can easily be overwhelming to instructors who are experts in their field but may have little to no detailed understanding of copyright law. They require reliable, accessible information to coach students on copyright-related matters.

Teaching Copyright: Practical Lesson Ideas and Instructional Resources provides explicit guidance based on U.S. copyright law in the teaching of copyright and related concepts to learners at schools, colleges, and universities. Instructors are supported with time-saving resources such as lesson templates, scenarios, practice activities, and a downloadable test question bank.

Additionally, Bloom's Taxonomy labels lessons, activities, and assessment items to enable an appropriately diverse set of learning for students. Instead of reducing copyright to simple recall, the lessons and information in this text will help instructors develop higher-level thinking about copyright and assist them in measuring learners' abilities not just to remember, but also to analyze and evaluate copyright dilemmas.

Co-creation in participatory, qualitative research has become commonplace. It supports a myriad of collaborative practices - from service-user involvement in health and social care, to community capacity-building, to bottom-up climate change projects. With its democratic ambitions, transformative power and (in some contexts) goals of social justice, co-creation has much to offer, particularly in these challenging times... but it is also complex and full of tensions.

This book offers an approach which recognises - and embraces - the messy complexities of co-creation. The approach is constructive - it revolves around creating openings for multiple voices; and, in particular, the voices of people with lived experience. And it is critical - it involves integrating critical, reflexive analyses of the intrinsic tensions in co-creation into the practice of research. The book brings participatory research into dialogue with poststructuralist, social constructionist and new materialist, posthumanist strands of qualitative inquiry. In an engaging and accessible way, the author weaves together personal storytelling and more detached analysis to illustrate her approach to producing and communicating knowledge as intertwined processes.

The book is written for all students and researchers with an interest in collaborative research practice.

This book, which is aimed at the health care and social work/care field, looks at the relationship between different levels of research projects.

As the social sciences can be based on quite different assumptions or "philosophies2 about what the social world is like and how knowledge about it can be obtained, this book will help students navigate the need for consistency between empirical work, the research question, research design, values, and philosophy of science.

Based on a critical realist perspective the book seeks to elucidate and to reflect on such connections, and to argue for the requirements of coherence as well as taking a critical look at the dilemmas that arise in health and social care/work research.

Comprised of 13 chapters which cover theoretical frameworks, research questions, objectives of the study, research ethical considerations, values, and the question of validity, it shows how these must be interlinked if a project is to have a good design.

It will be of interest to researchers, PhD candidates and master's students in the field of health care and social work/care.

The book explores the stakes for the social sciences around four central problems: the challenges of context; modes of intervention; involvement; and the ethical dilemmas for the scholar in a democratic space. The first, challenges of the context, examines the variety of situations confronted by scholars since the beginning of the 20th century. These include their interventions in key judicial affairs, the impact of technological developments like the introduction of big data, or even the positionality of the scholar. Second, the book investigates the modalities according to which social scientists may intervene in the civic space: in particular as specialists, as experts, or in the media. A third problem brings together some cases illustrative of researchers' involvement in critical issues, such as food policies, major social reforms, or gender-related questions. Finally, the book concludes with a reflection on the modes of exercising critique or dissent in democratic societies and on the ethical dimensions of involvement in the civic space.

A searing examination of the role of social scientists, as they are called upon to address the multiple critical issues faced by contemporary societies, from pandemics to climatic change, sustainable development, migration, ethnicity, or the place of religion. This volume will be of great interest not just to scholars, students, and researchers of the social sciences but to the general reader as a concerned citizen.

Realist Evaluation: Principles and Practice offers a comprehensive exploration of contemporary realist evaluation, showcasing how skilled practitioners navigate diverse fieldwork contexts.

Authored by experts spanning academia and evaluation backgrounds across five continents in fields including climate change, criminology, health, and international development, the book provides a rich tapestry of perspectives. Covering participatory approaches, digital and visual data collection, interpreter-mediated interviews, and innovative methods like refuse data analysis, the authors delve into contemporary social research methodologies while addressing issues such as power, insider/outsider research, the nature of evidence, critical and scientific realism philosophies of science, and confirmation bias in qualitative research. Practical advice is provided in areas such as developing a topic guide, combining a realist review with an evaluation, and managing large, multi-site cross-national projects. This collection underscores the creative nature of the realist imagination, highlighting ongoing innovations by scholars and evaluators.

With contributions from an outstanding group of internationally renowned experts in realist evaluation including Nick Tilley, a key figure in the development of realist evaluation alongside Ray Pawson, this is the ideal text for students, researchers and professionals including policy makers, professional evaluators, and those at organisations such as thinktanks and NGOs, who require an accessible guide on how to use realist evaluation methods.

Chapters: Chapter 3 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license

Interactive documentaries, or i-docs, are web based, multimedia documentaries that immerse audiences through dynamic, interactive platforms. This book unlocks the value of i-docs as a creative research method, providing an engaging guide on how to use i-docs to examine and communicate research subjects.

With examples, conceptual discussion, and practical advice, the book explores how i-docs can illuminate topics including temporalities, power and space, affect and feeling, freedom, and epistemic justice. The book addresses i-docs as a digital form but also shows that even just planning an i-doc on paper can open up new analytical perspectives.

Key features of the book include:

- An easy to use template for planning your own i-doc;

- Advice on how researchers can 'think with i-docs' without even producing one;

- Discussion of methodological work with i-docs including participatory i-doc making;

Insights into a range of examples of commercial, activist and research i-docs from around the world.

This book is a valuable resource for scholars, students, community researchers, creatives and activists who want to enlist and ignite the possibilities of i-docs.

This book is a comprehensive compilation of academic papers and presentations delivered at the conference. It brings together research from various disciplines within the humanities and social sciences, such as cultural studies, sociology, psychology, education, literature, and history.

It meticulously covers several critical areas of study, reflecting the diverse and interdisciplinary nature of the conference. In the realm of post-pandemic economic development, it explores strategies for economic recovery and resilience, highlighting the role of finance and social capital in rebuilding economies. Technology and sustainable cities are examined through case studies and theoretical frameworks that discuss smart city initiatives, technological integration, and sustainability practices. The section on economic development, accountability, and finance risk delves into methods for ensuring transparency and managing financial uncertainties in a globalized economy. Social and environmental policies and planning are addressed with a focus on creating equitable and sustainable communities.

This text will be valuable to academics, researchers, and students in the fields of humanities and social sciences.

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

This is the second edition of an introductory text that describes the principles of invariant measurement; how invariant measurement can be achieved using Rasch measurement theory; and how to use invariant measurement to solve a variety of measurement problems in the social, behavioral, and health sciences. Rasch models are used throughout the text, but brief comparisons of Rasch models to other item response theory (IRT) models are also provided.

Written with students in mind, this new edition was class-tested to help maximize accessibility. Chapters open with an introduction and close with a discussion and summary. All chapters have been updated from the first edition, and a new chapter on explanatory Rasch models has been added. Features include numerous examples and exercises to demonstrate the main issues addressed in each chapter. Key terms are defined when first introduced and included in a helpful end-of-text glossary.

This book also benefits from online materials which include the data sets used in the book, sample syntax files for running the Facets program, Excel files for creating item and person response functions, and links to related websites.

This book will act as a supplementary text for graduate or advanced undergraduate courses on measurement or test theory, IRT, scaling theory, psychometrics, advanced measurement techniques, research methods, or evaluation research taught in education, psychology, and other social and health sciences. It will also appeal to practitioners and researchers in these fields who develop or use scales and instruments. Only a basic mathematical level is required, including a basic course in statistics, ensuring it is an accessible resource for students and researchers alike.

Quantitative Social Science Research in Practice: Generating Novel and Parsimonious Explanatory Models for Social Sciences examines quantitative Behavioral Science Research (BSR) by focusing on four key areas:

Developing Novel, Parsimonious, and Actionable Causal Models: Researchers often face challenges in creating new, parsimonious causal models supported by empirical evaluation. A promising approach involves using meta-analytic reviews and more recent studies to identify relevant constructs and hypotheses that would constitutethe new causal model.

Exploring the Scope of Context for a Novel Causal Model: The relevance of causal models may vary based on context, such as national or organizational culture, economic and political situations, and feasibility constraints. Behavioural science researchers have struggled to balance rigor and relevance, as theories effective in one context may not be valid in another. This book presents an approach to determine the contextual scope for new causal models.

Guidance to Practice from a Novel Causal Model: Quantitative BSR studies should offer practical guidance, but often this guidance is vague or superficial. This book proposes an approach to highlight actionable insights derived from data analysis of new causal models, ensuring that the research offers concrete guidance for practitioners.

Implementing Guidance from Causal Models: A significant limitation of BSR studies is the lack of clarity on how results can be made actionable for decision-makers, considering the costs and benefits of actions. This book presents a method to make research results actionable, especially for models with high explanatory and predictive power.

The book is designed to be useful for various audiences:

• Business Managers and Practitioners: Those conducting or utilizing quantitative BSR for decision-making can find practical approaches for developing and applying causal models.
• Master's and PhD Students: Students across disciplines interested in quantitative BSR can gain insight into novel methods for creating strong causal models.
• Active Scholars: Researchers aiming to apply new approaches in their work can benefit from the strategies outlined.
• Professors and Instructors: Those teaching research methodology or supervising theses can find the book a valuable resource for guiding students in their research projects.

The book aims to advance the field of quantitative BSR by providing robust methodologies for developing, contextualizing, and implementing causal models, ensuring both academic rigor and practical relevance.

America is facing an epidemic of loneliness and isolation, with troubling effects on our mental and physical health. We live in one of the most divisive times in our history, one in which we tend to work, play, and associate only with people who think as we do. How do we create spaces for people to come together-to open our minds, understand our differences, and exchange ideas?

Shamichael Hallman argues that the public library may be our best hope for bridging these divides and creating strong, inclusive communities. While public libraries have long been thought of as a place for a select few, increasingly they are playing an essential role in building social cohesion, promoting civic renewal, and advancing the ideals of a healthy democracy. Many are reimagining themselves in new and innovative ways, actively reaching out to the communities they serve. Today, libraries are becoming essential institutions for repairing society.

Libraries have a unique opportunity to bridge socioeconomic divides and rebuild trust. But in order to do so, they must be truly welcoming to all. They and their communities must work collaboratively to bridge socioeconomic divides through innovative and productive partnerships.

Drawing from his experience at the Memphis Public Library and his extensive research and interviews across the country, Hallman presents a rich argument for seeing libraries as one of the nation's greatest assets. He includes examples from libraries large and small--such as the Iowa's North Liberty Library's Lighthouse in the Library program to bring people together to discuss important topics in a safe and supportive space, to Cambridge Cooks, an initiative of the Cambridge MA Public Library that fosters social connection by bringing people together over shared interest in food.

As an institution that is increasingly under attack for creating a place where diverse audiences can see themselves, public libraries are under more scrutiny than ever. Meet Me at the Library offers us a revealing look at one of our most important civic institutions and the social and civic impact they must play if we are to heal our divided nation.

This book is about the choices that researchers can make when building knowledge in social and behavioural spaces. Knowledge is the unity we seek and, given that social and behavioural research is a human endeavour focusing on human lives and experiences, there are diverse and ever-evolving pathways towards achieving that unity. Any one pathway will only ever yield partial glimpses into human life and diversity of potential choices serves to enrich, expand, and enlarge those glimpses in pursuit of more complete understanding. The book shows that researchers and the researched are far more connected than disconnected in this world and those connections are spread out through a network of interlinked complex systems. The book argues that pluralist systemic thinking provides the means by which a researcher's methodological choices for navigating the 'Data Triangle' (comprising data source, data gathering, and data analysis strategies) and the learning they provide can be fully and robustly contextualised with respect to those systems and the expectations and influences that emerge from them. Such contextualisations facilitate the refinement, augmentation, and/or narrowing of those choices during the researcher's journey. Anticipating choices downstream may have implications for more immediate choices and more immediate choices may create a cascade of necessary downstream choices. An essential part of contextualisation involves making choices about patterns of guiding assumptions, modes of knowledge building, and research frames. Researchers must develop the capacity to be flexible and adapt to unanticipated emergent events, obstacles, and political influences, making trade-offs where necessary throughout their research journey, always with an eye on both feasibility and quality. Importantly, research has no meaning unless the researcher can ensure that it connects with intended audiences via specific research outcomes, especially since the ultimate judgments about the convincingness, meaningfulness, quality, and utility of the research are vested in those audiences. Throughout the book, special attention is devoted to the role(s) that stakeholders and gatekeepers play in shaping the researcher's journey as well as to what can be learned from Indigenous/First Nations perspectives on social and behavioural research.

Step-by-step advice for constructing a qualitative project from beginning to end, covering both foundational theory and real-world application

Qualitative Research Methods: Collecting Evidence, Crafting Analysis, Communicating Impact guides you through sequential stages of a qualitative research project, from project design and data collection to analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Drawing on her background in qualitative research methods and human communication, Sarah J. Tracy shares personal and backstage stories while showing you how to code data, craft meaningful claims, develop theoretical explanations, and communicate research that impacts key stakeholders.

Employing a practical, problem-based contextual approach, the third edition of Qualitative Research Methods incorporates developments in textual, media, visual, arts-based, and digital analysis. New coverage includes social media data-scraping techniques, AI and ChatGPT, fieldwork and interviewing, digital ethnography, working with neurodivergent populations, adopting digital and traditional archival approaches, and much more. This edition includes a wealth of new examples, case studies, discussion questions, full-color visuals, and hands-on "Project Building Blocks" activities you can use at any stage of your qualitative research project.

Supported by a companion website containing extensive teaching and learning tools, Qualitative Research Methods: Collecting Evidence, Crafting Analysis, Communicating Impact is an indispensable resource for undergraduates, graduate students, and faculty across multiple disciplines, as well as researchers, ethnographers, and user experience professionals looking to hone their methodological practice.