Trousson, Raymond / Vercruysse, Jeroom (dir.), Dictionnaire general de Voltaire. (Champion classiques, references et dictionnaires 18) 1272 p. 2020:10 (Champion, FR) <670-9>
ISBN 978-2-38096-016-7 paper ¥7,064.- (税込) EUR 38.00

アメリカの選挙民主主義　1952～2020年
Aldrich, John H. / Bae, Suhyen / Sanders, Bailey K., The Fundamental Voter: American Electoral Democracy, 1952-2020. 192 pp. 2024:6 (Oxford U. Pr., US) <720-586>
ISBN 978-0-19-774548-9 hard ¥19,305.- (税込) US$ 90.00
ISBN 978-0-19-774549-6 paper ¥6,424.- (税込) US$ 29.95

Why is American politics so intense and emotionally competitive today, and how did we get here? In The Fundamental Voter, John H. Aldrich, Suhyen Bae, and Bailey K. Sanders explain why the notion that we are divided into tribal loyalties is, at best, only partially correct, and discuss how the divisions rest on much more substantive politics than they once did. In the 1950s and 1960s, the American public based voting primarily on partisan loyalties. Landslide presidential elections were once common, but over the last forty years, they have converged to very closely contested elections. Congressional elections were increasingly incumbent centered before 1984 and decreasingly so afterward. These changes reflect the changing nature of fundamental forces that shape the public's electoral opinions and voting behavior. From a single such fundamental, partisan identification, the electorate now rests on five fundamental forces: party, ideology, issues, race, and economics. Since the 1980s, these fundamentals have grown increasingly important and increasingly aligned, such that voters are now sorted into two increasingly bitterly divided sides. Believing that the other side is on the wrong side of nearly everything of political relevance, voters, like officials, have come to deeply dislike the opposition, a state of affairs that threatens to undermine the stability of democratic institutions in the United States.

Davis, John C., From Blue to Red: The Rise of the GOP in Arkansas. 146 pp. 2024:2 (U. Arkansas Pr., US) <720-587>
ISBN 978-1-68226-244-3 hard ¥7,496.- (税込) US$ 34.95 *

On the morning of Election Day 2010, Democrats occupied three of the four Arkansas seats in the US House of Representatives, both US Senate seats, all state constitutional offices, and decisive majorities in both chambers of the Arkansas General Assembly. By the time votes were counted that evening, it was clear that the balance of power had shifted. Within five years, Arkansas Republicans would hold all six US congressional positions and every state constitutional seat and claim growing supermajorities in both state chambers. Since then, Republicans have enjoyed robust electoral success in Arkansas--formerly the last remaining state of the "Solid South" held by Democrats. John C. Davis's From Blue to Red: The Rise of the GOP in Arkansas provides a rigorous yet accessible study of this partisan shift, tracking changes in voter preference at the top of the ticket in the 1960s, generational replacement in Arkansas' political power structure in the 1990s, and the emergence of a more nationalized and polarized electorate in the 2000s, among other developments. From Blue to Red is a fascinating look at how Arkansas went from being one of the country's most solidly Democratic states to one of its most ardently Republican in just a few years.

de Berg, Henk, Trump and Hitler: A Comparative Study in Lying. 340 pp. 2024:3 (Palgrave Macmillan, UK) <720-588>
ISBN 978-3-031-51832-4 hard ¥6,959.- (税込) EUR 29.99

This book compares Trump and Hitler as political performance artists. It explores their populist self-staging and rhetorical strategies and explains how they connected with their respective audiences. It also analyses the two men's character, work ethic, and management style. In addition, the book addresses seemingly peripheral issues like the reasons behind Hitler's toothbrush moustache and Trump's hairstyle. By demystifying Hitler and Trump, the author throws new light on both of them.

党派心に基づくシンクタンクの台頭とアメリカ政治の二極化
Fagan, E. J., The Thinkers: The Rise of Partisan Think Tanks and the Polarization of American Politics. (Studies in Postwar American Political Development) 232 pp. 2024:6 (Oxford U. Pr., US) <720-589>
ISBN 978-0-19-775965-3 hard ¥21,235.- (税込) US$ 99.00
ISBN 978-0-19-775966-0 paper ¥6,424.- (税込) US$ 29.95

Increasingly, political parties have adopted not only different policies, but different sets of facts. As E.J. Fagan argues, partisan think tanks have helped create these alternate realities in their capacity as de facto formal party organizations. Through the analyses generated by aligned think tanks, political elites on both the left and right frequently offer radically different assessments of a policy's consequences, such as the effect of tax cuts on deficits or the impact of environmental regulations on economic growth. In The Thinkers, Fagan tells the story of how partisan think tanks--such as the Heritage Foundation and Center for American Progress--displaced non-partisan experts to become the closest policy advisors to the Republican and Democratic Parties. He explores their history, how they influence policymakers, and how their influence impacts the polarization of American politics. More broadly, Fagan shows that the rise of partisan think tanks tracks closely with the increase in political polarization since the 1970s. Because they are funded and staffed by strong ideologues, partisan think tanks seek to move their party's preferences to the left or right of center. When they are successful, parties take more extreme positions than if they had only drawn information from non-partisan sources, which increases polarization. A powerful account of the impact of partisan think tanks on American democracy, The Thinkers will reshape our understanding of the fundamental drivers of the US's polarized political system.

学位による二極化
Grossmann, Matt / Hopkins, David A., Polarized by Degrees: How the Diploma Divide and the Culture War Transformed American Politics. 320 pp. 2024:8 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <720-590>
ISBN 978-1-316-51201-2 hard ¥7,040.- (税込) GB￡ 25.00 *

Over the past several decades, American society has experienced fundamental changes - from shifting relations between social groups and evolving language and behavior norms to the increasing value of a college degree. These transformations have polarized the nation's political climate and ignited a perpetual culture war. In a sequel to their award-winning collaboration Asymmetric Politics, Grossmann and Hopkins draw on an extensive variety of evidence to explore how these changes have affected both major parties. They show that the Democrats have become the home of highly-educated citizens with progressive social views who prefer credentialed experts to make policy decisions, while Republicans have become the populist champions of white voters without college degrees who increasingly distrust teachers, scientists, journalists, universities, non-profit organizations, and even corporations. The result of this new "diploma divide" between the parties is an increasingly complex world in which everything is about politics - and politics is about everything.

Jacobson, Gary C., The Dimensions and Implications of the Public's Reactions to the January 6, 2021, Invasion of the U.S. Capitol. (Elements in American Politics) 75 pp. 2024:4 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <720-591>
ISBN 978-1-009-49540-0 hard ¥15,488.- (税込) GB￡ 55.00 *
ISBN 978-1-009-49537-0 paper ¥5,068.- (税込) GB￡ 18.00 *

The January 6, 2021 invasion of the US Capitol building by a mob trying to block certification of Biden's victory attacked a bedrock principle of American democracy, the peaceful transfer of power following an election. This Element reviews how the pubic evaluated the invaders, their actions, Donald Trump's responsibility, and the House investigations as they evolved after January 6. It then analyzes these reactions in the broader context of contemporary American politics and considers the consequences of January 6 for the 2022 election, the Republican coalition, polarization, Trump's indictments, electoral politics in 2024, and the future health of American democracy.

イランの核合意－不拡散と米国・イランの紛争解決
Khan, Saira, The Iran Nuclear Deal: Non-proliferation and US-Iran Conflict Resolution. (Studies in Iranian Politics) 289 pp. 2024:1 (Palgrave Macmillan, UK) <720-592>
ISBN 978-3-031-50195-1 hard ¥30,169.- (税込) EUR 129.99

This book delves deep into the complex dynamics surrounding the Iran nuclear deal and its subsequent fracture. In a post-2018 world, following the United States' withdrawal from the 2015 Iran nuclear agreement, this work dissects the ramifications of this geopolitical shift, particularly with respect to Iran's nuclear ambitions. The book's central premise revolves around the idea that Iran's pursuit of nuclear capabilities is intricately tied to its enduring conflicts with Iraq, Israel, and the United States. It argues that the nuclear deal had the potential to quell these conflicts, particularly the long-standing rivalry between Iran and the U.S., thus reshaping Iran's relationships in the Middle East. However, with the U.S. exit from the agreement and its accusations of Iranian sponsorship of terrorism, Iran now perceives a heightened threat, potentially leading it to consider nuclear weapons as a deterrent against a potential war with the U.S. The book challengesconventional international relations paradigms with regards to Iran: realism, which typically predicts all conflicting states will seek nuclear weapons regardless of cooperative arrangements, is shown to ignore the nuanced connection between cooperation and proliferation propensity; and liberalism's emphasis on cooperation is critiqued in this case for overlooking the negative consequences of failed cooperative endeavours. The book highlights the importance of trust and compliance in the success of cooperative agreements, as well as the adverse effects of their breakdown. The work contributes significantly to our understanding of international relations in the Middle East. It draws on an extensive examination of prior research while presenting novel theoretical insights. The detailed case study of Iran's nuclear aspirations before, during, and after the nuclear deal serves as a compelling application of the theoretical framework. Finally, the book provides an in-depth exploration of the intricate web of geopolitics, trust, and cooperation that has shaped the trajectory of Iran's nuclear ambitions. It offers not only theoretical contributions to the field of international relations but also valuable policy insights for managing this critical international issue.

中東・北アフリカ地域における米国外交政策のマーケティング－アメリカ大統領対非国家アクター
Touzani, Fouad, Marketing US Foreign Policy in the MENA Region: American Presidents vs Non-State Actors. (Political Campaigning and Communication) 175 pp. 2024:1 (Palgrave Macmillan, UK) <720-593>
ISBN 978-3-031-45142-3 hard ¥30,169.- (税込) EUR 129.99 *

The book examines how US media, public opinion, interest groups and think tanks respond to US Presidents' attempts to market their foreign policies in the MENA Region. The scope of the analysis extends from the war on terror to the so-called Arab Spring. It focuses on some case studies including the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Iran nuclear deal. The book fills a gap in the literature pertaining to analyzing US foreign policy in the MENA area from a political communication perspective rather than from IR or a political-theory angle, which remains the dominant literature. In so saying, the book will appeal to students, researchers as well as thinks tanks and policy makers.