社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

This handbook addresses the diversity and complexity of social work practice in the context of disasters. Drawing on international perspectives, with the inclusion of case studies, this handbook provides a resource for students, practitioners, educators, and researchers seeking to prepare the social work profession for contemporary challenges associated with disasters.

Divided into five parts, it explores the following subject areas:

1. Conceptual aspects concerning social work's relationship with disasters

2. Social work's role in preventing and preparing for disasters, and response and recovery

3. Social work practice with specific populations

4. Social work education and training in disasters

5. Implications for social work organisations and policy

Leading ideas, debates, and approaches from international authors will provide Global North and South perspectives. A critical examination of research and theories for practice, including concepts of human vulnerability and community resilience, will provide the foundation for detailing the practical contributions that social workers can make at the micro, meso, and macro levels of practice. Social work's underpinning value base of social justice and human rights will also be explored in the context of the complex and dynamic nature of socio-cultural, political, and economic dimensions pertaining to disasters.

It will therefore be of interest to all social work students, academics, and professionals as well as those working in allied disciplines, policy, and emergency management roles.

Psychoanalysis and Severe Disorders in Young Children presents case material and resources for professionals working with young children in the clinic and in the community.

Presented in two main parts, the book explores Nahir Bonifacino's work with children and their parents. The first part presents clinical case material from her work with several young children with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, illustrating an adaptation of child psychoanalytic technique that encourages patient communication. Part 2 considers outreach in the community, with resources for parents and professionals in frontline care roles that focus on a preventative approach to child mental health. The book closes with an appendix which translates psychoanalytic resources for use in early childhood education and care institutions.

Psychoanalysis and Severe Disorders in Young Children will be of great interest to child psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists, clinical and educational psychologists, child psychiatrists, social workers, teachers and carers.

This textbook blends key social work competencies (engagement, assessment, treatment planning, risk assessment, intervention, termination, and evaluation) with an anti-oppressive, antiracist, trauma-informed, clinical approach. It offers information and knowledge on anti-oppressive clinical practice and teaches skills to facilitate effective antiracist service provision.

Each chapter provides basic knowledge, followed by reflective questions and exercises for critical analysis, case examples for practical application, and tools for implementing these skills. Social workers need to understand clinical theory and develop practice skills with clients, families, and communities who have experienced historical trauma, systemic oppression, and multiple intersectional identities. Learning how to increase practitioner self-awareness, engage in strategic action, and improve accountability are the beginnings of an antiracist clinical practice.

While the health of the body can be defined by its functioning parts and systems, the health of the person is more complex. To flourish, we need to understand health in the context of God's intent.

A Theology of Health presents a Christian understanding of the very concept of health, both the health of the body and the health of the person. Preeminent scholar Tyler J. VanderWeele argues that health can be understood as wholeness as intended by God and that sin-whether individual wrongdoing, societal injustice, or the fallenness of creation-causes ill health. VanderWeele explains that restoration and fulfillment of health is salvation, pointed toward in the life of Jesus Christ, to be lived out through the work of the Church, and for which we await final completion. VanderWeele also demonstrates the broader relevance and implications of his insights to all who seek to understand health, well-being, and the ultimate ends of human life.

A Theology of Health is an essential theological exploration that seeks to promote health, healing, and flourishing of the whole person.

The pandemic has taught us all how important it can be to look after our physical and mental health, and how worthwhile it is to invest in taking care of ourselves. This short book illustrates the main trends that are modifying the fitness industry worldwide and highlights contemporary relevance to strategic change. It outlines what is currently happening within the promising fitness market and analyses the major emerging trends and the scientific data, referring to startups that could become very interesting market players in the years to come. Sustainability and technology will be the subject of in-depth analysis, as they represent the main drivers that will guide the sector in the future. The book also considers the most important aspect of sustainability related to the fitness industry and wellness more generally: the Silver Economy. The analysis is supported by an extensive database involving the 100 leading companies in the sector worldwide. The novelty of this research is to provide a document analysing the typical characteristics of this market, consumption dynamics, consumer triggers, and underlying the socio-economic scenario. The treatment of key themes such as fitness-tech startups, sport strategic management and above all innovation and sustainability make the book unique and appealing to researchers, academics, students, and practitioners.

Paul Scherz explores the ethical challenges raised by precision medicine and its focus on medical risk as opposed to current disease.

Genetic technologies and artificial intelligence are rapidly changing the landscape of medical practice and patient care. In the emerging field of precision medicine, a patient's risk factors-especially genetic risk factors-are incorporated into an all-encompassing plan to prevent future disease. But identifying at-risk individuals through technologies such as wearable devices and direct-to-consumer genetic sequencing can undermine the overall experience of health. The potential for overdiagnosis and overtreatment grows as patients are prescribed medications and receive prophylactic surgeries that carry inherent risks. Also, as the medical industry shifts its attention from individuals to trends in the general population, the one-to-one practitioner-patient relationship becomes strained.

Using the lens of virtue ethics and theological bioethics, The Ethics of Precision Medicine offers suggestions for better implementing precision medicine to treat those currently suffering from or at high risk of disease, while also recognizing that effectively preventing disease depends, ultimately, on addressing the social determinants of health. The book provides a new perspective on the problems of contemporary healthcare, proposing practical steps that individuals and institutions can take to ensure that the advanced technologies of precision medicine can be used to promote human flourishing.

The Western welfare state model is beset with structural, financial, and moral crises. So-called scroungers, cheats, and disability fakers persistently occupy the centre of public policy discussions, even as official statistics suggest that relatively small amounts of money are lost to such schemes.

In Fraudulent Lives Steven King focuses on the British case in the first ever long-term analysis of the scale, meaning, and consequences of welfare fraud in Western nations. King argues that an expectation of dishonesty on the part of claimants was written into the basic fabric of the founding statutes of the British welfare state in 1601, and that nothing has subsequently changed. Efforts throughout history to detect and punish fraud have been superficial at best because, he argues, it has never been in the interests of the three main stakeholders - claimants, the general public, and officials and policymakers - to eliminate it.

Tracing a substantial underbelly of fraud from the seventeenth century to today, King finds remarkable continuities and historical parallels in public attitudes towards the honesty of welfare recipients - patterns that hold true across Western welfare states.

This book takes the contemporary moment of digital health infrastructuring in Ghana as a starting point to examine the genealogies of oral, paper-based and digital forms of knowledge production about health. In view of this multiplicity of forms, the chapters adopt a broad definition of health data that encompasses databases, statistics as well as oral and written records and reports about health. In addition to close historiographic insights into the interactions of indigenous and colonial ways of organising knowledge around health, the chapters explore contemporary ways in which medical professionals are mobilized or potentially demobilized by the standards, methods and calculative devices that accompany the increasing production of health data.

The authors show that the contemporary hype around the datafication of health is neither new nor exceptional, but instead needs to be read in broader historical perspective. Through its unique combination of historical, sociological and ethnographic methods, the book shows that the regulation and standardization of health produces both mobilizations and demobilizations, as well as appropriations and resistances.

The world of senior care provision and care work is changing rapidly. Across Europe, brokering agencies for live-in care workers have become powerful players in reshaping welfare systems, transnational care chains and working conditions. This volume draws together the latest research on live-in home care for seniors in Europe, exploring processes of commodification and marketisation, the transnationalisation of care work, the private household as a workplace, and workers' contestation of the live-in care arrangement. Together, they depict far-reaching challenges in care provision and care work.


"A must-read for anyone wishing to understand the changes in the political economy of care in the 21st century. A compelling exploration of the emergence of care brokerage and agency intermediation in Europe with a variety of examples from different countries and care settings."
- Professor Sabrina Marchetti, Ca' Foscari University of Venice

"Essential reading. Rich empirical and conceptual work provides an exhaustive account of the commodification, marketisation, transnationalisation and exploitation in the care industry, all in the context of global and local inequalities. This is a group of amazing critical analysts who dare to confront some of the key contradictions of our current painful social transformation in European terrains."
- Professor Attila Melegh, Corvinus University Budapest

"An encyclopaedic account of the commodification and marketisation of transnationally-brokered senior home care provision across Europe. It pays close attention to the economic and social inequalities, as well as state policies, that underlie this new migration industry, and the collective efforts to contest and improve conditions of work and care. Home Care for Sale documents the geography of care chains within a divided Europe - a geography that both complements and disrupts conventional understandings of international care chains between the Global North and South. A must-read for those interested in senior home care, social reproduction, migration, border studies and the workings and repercussions of neoliberal state policies."
- Professor Geraldine Pratt, University of British Columbia

This open access book discusses three areas in which Germany has long-standing experience and solutions that are valuable for other countries-care education, care insurance and standards for age-friendly city neighborhoods. It introduces the development background, application and shortcomings in the German and Chinese context, providing examples for from around the globe and showcasing the role of international cooperation projects in promoting knowledge exchange and advising on implementation in the country-specific context.

Fast-paced demographic changes present a pressing challenge around the world. In Europe, the demographic problem, along with discussions on solutions, has been prevalent for many decades. And recently, it has also reached formerly developing countries in Asia, such as China. International cooperation, including international development cooperation, promotes the exchange of ways to tackle the social and economic challenges in order to find globally applicable solutions, thereby contributing to sustainable development.

By presenting lessons learned in other countries, this book provides guidance for policy makers, city representatives and academicians seeking solutions for the challenges of an aging society in their own countries. Although the application of interventions is context-specific, the discussion and exchange on available solutions are essential to achieving socially sustainable and inclusive societies.

Malaria on the Move explores the socioeconomic aspects of endemic malaria in the southeastern lowveld of Zimbabwe. The book provides a historical analysis of malaria control and eradication programs in Rhodesia and independent Zimbabwe from the late nineteenth century to 2015. Kundai Manamere draws connections between malaria epidemiology and human mobility relating to large- and small-scale farming, labor migration, colonial displacement, war, and rural-to-urban movements. She examines how circular labor migration and rural travel influence the risk of malaria for individuals and communities and shows how migration and travel have spread the disease and impeded control efforts. More importantly, the book demonstrates that the need to travel for work is an indicator of a local hierarchy of priorities. It reaffirms the urgent need for partners in malaria control to consider local socioeconomic factors in the design and implementation of intervention programs. The inclusion of local contexts, perspectives, and voices in formulating national and global public health policies and interventions is critical to addressing public noncooperation.
To date, biomedical studies of malaria outnumber socioeconomic and political studies of the disease. Manamere advocates for a multipronged approach that goes beyond standard scientific research methods. Her approach incorporates how socioeconomic considerations of recipient communities influence malaria epidemiology, local perceptions of the disease, and responses to interventions. This context is particularly important for understanding why malaria has remained a global health challenge and why so many interventions have failed. Scientifically, malaria is a disease of the landscape, and its ecological complexity poses challenges to its eradication. Yet biological and ecological landscapes are not exclusive factors in the spread of disease; as Manamere demonstrates, the socioeconomic environment is equally important.

This book examines women's behavioral health (defined as alcohol, drug use, and mental health) problems from a population or public health perspective. It provides the current state of knowledge for women's behavioral health and examines the need for behavioral health services and implications for policy. It also reviews major issues in the organization, financing, and provision of women's behavioral health services.

Global and national studies show that women are nearly twice as likely as men to have selected mental disorders. There also has been increasing attention to the social, behavioral, institutional, and economic determinants of health that result in service inequities for women in the United States compared to women in other countries. This textbook highlights mental and substance use disorders of particular concern to women, emphasizes services research issues in women's behavioral health, incorporates the social determinants of health, and provides a discussion of these critical issues from an interprofessional and interdisciplinary public health perspective. It also presents an overview of the epidemiology of mental and substance use disorders across the lifespan of women and service delivery issues from a population and system-level perspective.

Applied services research chapters comprise the book's 14 chapter contributions that are organized into three parts:

• Part I. Framing Women's Behavioral Health;
• Part II. Selected At-Risk Populations; and
• Part III. Services Delivery issues.

Women's Behavioral Health: A Public Health Perspective is a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in many academic disciplines, including the social and behavioral sciences, public health, women's studies, medical anthropology, and medical sociology. It also is useful for postdoctoral students in public health, population health, and the health professions. This volume can serve as a reference book for academicians and researchers in community and social psychology, community health, community nursing, community and preventive medicine, and public health; practitioners and policymakers at various levels of government; and behavioral health professionals at mental health and substance use programs in various national and global healthcare organizations.

This book argues that the social story of vaccination has commonly been told through the lens of vaccine hesitancy and the myriad challenges that this broad issue poses for public health and the mitigation of preventable harms. Consequently, less sustained analytical attention has been given by social scientists to the rich tapestry of other social and political dimensions of vaccines and consequences of vaccination. This book begins from the premise that a broader approach to the technology and intervention of vaccination is required and that further social scientific analysis is needed of how societies produce and preserve high levels of vaccination coverage, as well as the social and political challenges or threats - beyond vaccine hesitancy - that may harm or restrict it. To achieve this, the book assembles and reframes evidence from medical sociology, science and technology studies, public health, health geography, and the medical humanities. In doing so it looks across the 'immunisation social order' by analysing dimensions that have thus far been neglected or under-scrutinised, revealing not only the functioning of and central challenges to the immunisation social order, but also bringing into sharp focus the social and political nature of vaccines themselves.

Firsthand accounts of COVID-19's devastating effects on working-class communities of color

The first months of the COVID-19 pandemic were filled with talk of heroes, the frontline workers who kept the country functioning. "And when they write those history books, the heroes of the battle will be the hardworking families of New York," Governor Andrew Cuomo trumpeted on Labor Day 2020. But what if those heroes, those essential workers and their families, wrote the book themselves?
In Until We're Seen, the heroes write their own stories. Through firsthand accounts by college students at Brooklyn College and California State University Los Angeles, Until We're Seen chronicles COVID-19's devastating, disproportionate effects on working-class communities of color, even as the United States has declared the pandemic over and looks away from its impacts.
Very few of these students and their families had the luxury of laboring from home; if they were able to keep their jobs, they took subways and buses, and they worked. They drove delivery trucks, worked in private homes, cooked food in restaurants for people to pick up, worked as EMTs, and did construction. They couldn't escape to second homes; if anything, more people moved in, as families were forced to consolidate to save money. Together, the accounts in this book show that the COVID-19 pandemic did discriminate, following the race and class fissures endemic to US society. But if these are tales of hardship, they are also love stories-of students' families, biological and chosen-and of the deep resolve, mundane carework, and herculean efforts such love entails.
Recounting 2020-2022 through the experiences of predominantly young, working-class immigrants and people of color living in the first two major US COVID-19 epicenters, Until We're Seen spotlights previously untold stories of the pandemic in New York, Los Angeles, and the nation as a whole.

This book analyzes the process of leaving school, commonly referred to as 'transition' for young adults with severe, complex, and multiple disabilities. It seeks to challenge prevailing assumptions and offer practical steps towards reversing customary accepted theories, methods, practices, and outcomes. Despite extensive research, policies, and procedures of transition, the reality is that post-school outcomes are worrying for those with significant special needs. Community inclusion depends as much upon in-school procedures and support systems as it does the inclusivity of society itself. This book directly addresses these concerns by examining the experiences of young adults living through their transitions in two countries, Aotearoa New Zealand and the USA.

Engaging and highly readable case narratives bring fresh insights on the diversity of disability experiences, portraying the under-explored opportunities involved in a transition with dignity. Disability is an often overlooked aspect of one's intersectional identity. Post-school transition is therefore positioned less as a procedural function of leaving school and more so an urgent matter of social justice. Readers will benefit from the transformative framing of post-school transition based on the capability approach. Genuine opportunities within the transition of young adults with significant disabilities and those who support them may promote a thriving life for all.