社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

The book offers a concise yet comprehensive overview of addiction issues from a social work and social science perspective. It explores addiction in the context of health, taking into account key forms of addiction, their causes and conditions of development, as well as relevant epidemiological data. The addiction support system is examined in its various facets (prevention, counseling, treatment, and support), and new findings and open questions in addiction research are discussed. Evidence-based approaches and sociocultural aspects are integrated throughout.

This book examines whether it is possible for governments to improve the wellbeing of its citizens, whilst simultaneously enhancing individual liberty. It is traditionally argued that these two policy goals are incompatible. Any attempts to improve welfare result in greater government interventions, whilst any gains in individual freedom often involve an absence of restrictions, which have a detrimental effect on wellbeing.

By enhancing the notion of 'liberal welfarism', this book argues that it is possible for governments to simultaneously accommodate both wellbeing and freedom. First, it provides a conceptual overview of 'liberal welfarism', and explains how it originates from combining the theoretical approaches of libertarian paternalism and the capability approach. It then demonstrates how the theory of 'liberal welfarism' can be implemented in practice, and the implications of this for politics and policy-making, especially with regards to social policy, security policy, and environmental policy. Interdisciplinary in nature, the book will appeal to all those interested in public policy, politics, philosophy, and behavioral economics.

Supervision in the social sciences has been under scrutiny over the past decade. With the emergence of social service professions beyond social work, there has been a drive around each profession being supervised by senior members of its own profession. With a particular focus on South Africa, this insightful text meets the need for a succinct and inclusive source for all three of the South African social service professions, offering an in-depth discussion of processes, functions and skills within the legal framework of professional supervision.

Co-produced by an academic and practitioner, uplifting the voice of the practitioner that is not always heard, Supervision for the Social Service Professions provides critically needed clarifications on the concepts, elements, stages, skills and functions of supervision on an international level. Swanzen and Morokane provide the pathway for the establishment of an integrated model for supervision, informed by vast perspectives on supervision and best practice guidelines, aimed at a revised framework.

A comprehensive, succinct, and useful tool in the hands of professionals and academics, this is a celebration of supervision in the social service professions which will ultimately lead to better care for vulnerable populations.

The books in this two-volume set focus on how authors have pushed boundaries in a particular field of practice, research or policy in social work. The books are culturally, gender-, and geographically inclusive, with contributors from every inhabited continent. It is future-focused, hopeful, and inspiring: it focuses on solutions rather than merely elaborating problems. The book includes chapters from a continuum of experienced practitioners and early career researchers; this provides a nuanced and accessible view of boundaries from both ends of the career path.

The global definition of social work says that the discipline 'promotes social change and development, social cohesion and the empowerment and liberation of people' but in many nations where social work exists, social workers are expected to act as agents of social control, ensuring that people-particularly 'the poor'-conform to established political and social norms. Most often social workers are initially attracted to the discipline because they want to empower and liberate vulnerabilised and marginalised people and communities. In order to accomplish these high-minded goals, social workers must occasionally push boundaries that confine their practice.

Pushing Boundaries in Social Work Around the World, Vol. 1: Women, Children and Isms inspires social workers to push against the boundaries we impose on ourselves and our discipline. This book helps social workers rediscover the spark that initially drew them to their work.

Pushing Boundaries in Social Work Around the World, Vol. 2: Policy and Global Perspectives invites social workers to reconsider their assumptions about policy practice and boundaries themselves. It encourages them to rediscover the spark that originally drew them to their work.

The book examines the evolution of Argentina's welfare policies from 1983 to 2019, focusing on the historical connections between social policies, financial markets, and households-an area largely overlooked in existing literature. Unlike previous studies that emphasize the role of cash transfers in facilitating low-income households' access to credit, this analysis highlights the financialization of welfare policies and its broader implications. The author identifies three distinct stages in the financialization process of Argentine welfare policy, illustrating how financial logic and instruments have permeated various aspects of welfare and the daily lives of low-income families. The book also introduces the concept of "social debtfare policies," which incorporate financial tools, particularly credit, as instruments to meet social needs. This shift signifies a move toward the financialization of rights related to economic, social, and cultural well-being. A central argument of the book is that the Argentine state has actively engaged in financializing welfare, employing financial knowledge and technologies to manage rising social tensions. This transformation reverses the traditional dynamic of social protection, where citizens are creditors of their rights and the state is the debtor. Instead, social debtfare policies position the state as a creditor and welfare users as debtors, thereby altering the relationship between individuals and the state regarding access to essential services such as work, housing, education, and basic consumption. The analysis reveals how this shift disrupts conventional social protection dynamics and highlights the state's evolving role from a debtor of rights to a creditor for the working poor, uncovering new dimensions of welfare provision in Latin America. Through a combination of regulatory analysis, expert reports, literature reviews, and interviews, the book provides a comprehensive view of the intricate ties between welfare policy and finance in Argentina.

This volume deals with the determinants of both good and bad health, at individual as well as community levels, or in a broader sense, all of which are determined by multiple, critically interlinked actors that are surprisingly concentrated within the built environment. It analyzes the critical challenges in contemporary Indian cities - rapid urbanization accompanied by challenges from climate change, abnormal weather, urban flooding, and many other extreme events.

This work is a timely effort that encompasses the prospects and constraints of public health when India is rapidly urbanizing, which puts severe strains on pre-existing urban health infrastructure and services to meet basic human needs, along with significant shrinkage of open, green spaces. It is also relevant when India is recovering from the nightmare of the COVID-19 pandemic, which was largely an urban health hazard, and the Indian urban health system needs substantial renewal.

The book sheds light on those Indian cities, surprisingly two-thirds of the total numbers, that lack local area plans, zonal plans, and master plans. This absence affects a significant proportion of the urban population that is outside the planned neighborhoods, with unplanned, and in most cases inadequate, health infrastructure and services.

This volume takes into account the typical health behavior in the built environment due to the increasing likelihood of a sedentary lifestyle that leads to anxiety, cardiovascular diseases, depression, diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, asthma, and many other similar signs of poor health associated with this lifestyle.

The book serves to explore the linkages between the isolated notions of green spaces, smart cities, physical activities, mental health, and other beneficial elements. Amid the urban-industrial framework, these factors could be effective in resolving the critical public health crisis in transformative built environments and cityscapes through the synthesis of cross-disciplinary knowledge.

The purpose of this book is to address older adults' musical group activities and their relation to quality of life in Japan, situated on a crossroad between deep Eastern cultural traditions and broad contemporary innovations and Western influences. This is the first book that offers both insider and outsider perspectives on older adults' music participation in Japan. It is the result of a collaborative effort of a team of academics in Japan led by a Fulbright researcher from the United States, who resided and worked on the project in Japan for six months. The collaboration continued for a few years beyond the Fulbright residency period.

The book consists of 10 chapters in three parts. The first part includes an introductory chapter that sets the stage with strong cultural traditions in the contemporary ambience for older adults' music participation. Part two contains studies of seven diverse cases jointly conducted by native Japanese researchers and a researcher with Chinese-American background. The majority of the researchers received training in the UK and the US. This allows each study with built-in perspectives from within and outside of Japan and with deep Asian, Japanese, and Western insights. These case studies are set in rural areas (Kojima, Nishio, and Uonuma), mid-size cities (Miyazaki and Sendai), world class metropolises (Nagoya and Tokyo), and suburban areas (Odaka and Seto). Three of the case studies include non-musical groups in comparison with the musical groups. Part three contains two chapters. One is a synthesis of the case studies in the seven locations, identifying the main factors that make older adults' music participation positive and impactful to their quality of life. The final chapter includes implications relevant to older adults' music participation in support of their quality of life. Recommendations can be applicable far beyond the locales of the cases being studied.

This book offers a theoretical synthesis between the Foucauldian theory of power and the Weberian theory of the state. The book centres on the politics of COVID-19 in Norway and Sweden. It analyses the different tactics, strategies and rationalizations of these states to develop the theoretical framework, while using the theoretical framework to better advance our understandings of the politics of COVID-19 and how state power worked in subtle and overt, direct and indirect, ways, during this crisis. It argues that a marriage between Foucauldian and Weberian theories of the state and power engenders a holistic understanding of how power works at the microlevel and macrolevel. This invites scholars to interrogate the diverse sources of power caged within the modern state, and how these can be enacted through and over society, thereby manifesting as various mechanisms of power.

The outbreak of COVID-19 radically transformed our daily lives, altering not only our habits and social relations, but also our most fundamental mental processes, most notably memory. This book explores how the pandemic affected autobiographical memory, changing the way we remember, feel and organise our experiences of the past and our visions of the future.

From a multidisciplinary and multicultural perspective, the seven chapters in this volume analyse the effects of stress, anxiety and sustained uncertainty on functions such as attention, decision-making, emotional regulation and, particularly, memory. The analysis includes both people who contracted COVID-19 disease and those who, without having been infected, were profoundly affected by fear, isolation and disruptions in daily life.

The pandemic generated particularly intense and lasting memories, known as flashbulb memories. Many people recall with full clarity, detail and confidence the circumstances in which they learned of the declaration of the state of alert, of the start of the first online classes or of the first confirmed case of infection in their country. At the same time, spontaneous memories or even visions of the future emerged without conscious intention, reflecting the extreme emotional state experienced. In a context of information overload and social disruption, our cognitive capacities were compromised, affecting the way we encode and recall personal memories, and favouring the emergence of distortions and false memories. This volume also examines how individual memories are intertwined with a shared collective memory, constructed from common symbols, images and emotions. The pandemic left a deep cognitive and emotional imprint that continues to shape our identity and personal narratives, and is likely to be a future event that will serve to situate past experiences in our personal past.

Aimed at both professionals and the interested public, this book offers a rigorous, humane and enlightening look at one of the most enduring legacies of the COVID-19 crisis: the way we remember it and the effects it had on our memory.

The volume canvases women's health and rights by highlighting impacts of migration, intersectionality, structural barriers, and emerging digital world. The book offers data-driven insights, policy recommendations, and innovative strategies to achieve sustainable women health. Designing three parts, the book begins with migration, marginalization, and women's Health. The second part, Adolescent, Reproductive, and Maternal Health, highlights tribes and undernutrition, maternal healthcare disparity, menstrual justice, abortion complications and rights. The final part discourses the women's mental health, antimicrobial resistance, and cybercrime vulnerability. This book is an essential resource for researchers, policymakers, and healthcare professionals, bridging empirical research with policy-oriented discourse to foster equitable and sustainable healthcare solutions for women across South Asia.

This book examines the way risk is defined and employed in the delivery of maternity care across the world, inviting readers to reflect critically on how the management of risk shapes the organization and experience of maternity services. Drawing from investigations of the way risk operates in contemporary society, the authors challenge taken-for-granted understandings of risk in maternity care and early parenting, showing how risk is not simply a value-free assessment of potential harms but is, in fact, a complex social and political way of seeing, knowing about, and performing pregnancy and birth. The information presented here invites the reader to rethink the social and economic risks in maternity care, challenge the assumption that responses to risk are uniform, see the political uses of risk in maternity care, and reconsider the value of risk management. Finally, the book offers a substantial and up-to-date summary of new and important theoretical understandings of risk and uncertainty in maternity care. In these pages, students and practitioners in the fields of health, medicine, midwifery, and the social sciences will find both practical information about, and deeper insights into, the social aspects of the delivery of health care.

This book provides an in-depth study of community and home eldercare in modern China, examining its integration with urban community governance. Community eldercare, established through public-private partnerships, reveals a hybrid economy where state control and marketization coexist. By situating eldercare within the community, it becomes intertwined with population governance, particularly with the recent adoption of smart care technologies. As a result, community eldercare transforms into a semi-public space that combines elements of social, physical, and emotional homes for older adults. The book explores caregivers' work, framing it as bodily, dirty, and emotional labor. In the current trend of digitalization, caregivers are not only monitored by digital technologies but are also required to interact with these technologies in addition to providing direct care. Drawing on ethnographic analysis, this book is an invaluable resource for students and scholars in human geography, gerontology, and Asian studies, as well as for policymakers and practitioners in the rapidly expanding field of eldercare. It will also resonate with a broader audience interested in the global implications of population aging and the integration of technology in care systems.

The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and freely available to read online.

This edited collection brings academics, researchers and practitioners/public from a range of subject and discipline areas together with a view to providing insight into critical concerns and innovative practices on the process of developing and delivering Public Involvement and Community Engagement (PICE work) in a range of research settings.

Delivering powerful reflections and insights from professional groups, marginalised communities and people with lived experience as research partners/participants each chapter will present from "real life" illustrative practice examples and each will engage in a sympathetic critical appraisal of a concern or innovation. Chapters will also provide methodological, theoretical and practice insight into the process of PICE work and each will explore the implications and lessons that can be learned in and across different subject and discipline areas. It is important to recognize here that this is a collection of work that will call for intuitive and informed professional practice that creates space for individuals to reflect on their own practice (involvement) and how they consider, conceptualise, learn, manoeuvre, and position themselves in relation to "doing PICE work".

Bridging a lack of knowledge and concern about the more critical and innovative aspects of PICE work in relation to representation, epistemic injustice, positionality, ethically informed and sustainable practice, this is pioneering reading for those who are interested in or concerned with the ever-pertinent issue of public involvement and community engagement in applied research practice.

This book presents 101 inequalities categorized across three tiers, each illustrating how disparities manifest and persist. The first tier focuses on contextual factors, exploring inequalities in economic, political, and societal dimensions. The second tier examines baselines, analyzing inequalities related to timing/season (e.g., inequality of opportunity and natural environment), space/location (e.g., geographical location and external environment), and human condition (e.g., age, gender, and ethnicity). The third tier investigates the tangibles-materials and resources, assessed through four key categories: availability, awareness, accessibility, and utility. By examining these through global case studies, authors not only validate the systemic and non-systemic inequalities of our contemporary society but also propose pathways toward truly just, inclusive, and people-centric sustainable development.

Authors hope this book sparks transformative thinking and action against the entrenched inequalities shaping our world. While authors may have drifted away from the vision of just and inclusive societies, the authors must find their way back-toward a future where equity is not a privilege, but a fundamental right. More than just an academic discourse, this book is a call to action, particularly for the next generation-those who seek to dismantle systemic inequalities and build sustainable futures for the many, rather than just the privileged few or the bliss of the affluent minority.

This book provides a concise introduction to the theoretical and methodological issues around the social representation of health and illness across the lifespan. Moving from the traditional conception of health and illness as clinical entities to a more wide-ranging definition, it considers the value of social representation theory in offering innovative insights into the popular understanding of health and illness, and the interplay between individual experiences and broader socio-cultural contexts.

Through a combination of historical analysis and contemporary studies, the book sheds new light on how people understand and engage with health-related practices. It begins by considering the origins of social representation theory. It then proceeds to consider the influence of socio-economic factors, gender roles, and cultural processes on social representations of health and illness, and delves into questions such as: How do children, adults, and older people's understandings of health and illness change over time? What role do social class and gender play in shaping these understandings? How do young people negotiate their health identities in the face of societal expectations and personal experiences? It concludes by considering processes of change in social representations. Integrating perspectives from health psychology, social psychology, and social representation theory and research, this short volume offers valuable insights for academics interested in the intersections of health, identity, and society, as well as practitioners working in health promotion and education.

This edited volume brings together cutting-edge research on drinking practices among young adults. This substantially revised and expanded second edition builds on the award-winning work of the first edition and adds new chapters on: young people's drinking in low- and middle-income countries, the impact of the alcohol industry and of the Covid 19 pandemic. An entirely new section examines important shifts in drinking practices during and since the Covid-19 pandemic including a focus on 'lockdown drinking' and the transition back (or not) to physical drinking spaces since the height of the pandemic.

In acknowledging the complex nature of drinking styles among young adults, the contributors to this collection eschew traditional understandings of young adult drinking which can pathologise and generalise. We showcase a range of interdisciplinary and disciplinary perspectives and advocate for an inclusive approach, evident in the wide range of international settings, cultural perspectives, backgrounds and methods represented in this book, in order to better understand the economic, socio-cultural and pharmacological crossroads at which we now stand.

This book will appeal in particular to researchers, practitioners and policy makers working in the fields of alcohol and substance use, public health and health psychology, in addition to students and researchers from across the social sciences.

This book is a unique compilation that considers tropical diseases, including neglected, emerging, and re-emerging diseases, in the broader context of public health in society in low and middle-income countries. The book conducts a post-COVID-19 review on various public health issues in these settings, including mental health in people living with HIV, to diagnostics and disease prevention in resource limited settings. Following the onslaught of SARS-CoV2 on the human race and the significant healthcare challenges faced in low and middle-income countries, the pandemic brought to light the value of understanding infectious diseases that have great potential to degenerate into pandemics, and cause significant morbidity and mortality. The authors advocate that a focused, effective response and approach is essential moving forward. This includes-but is not limited to-clinical as well as public health intervention, vaccine development, and confronting the challenges of vaccine delivery, in the contexts of differential social and cultural paradigms and beliefs. This book provides pathways for future responses to such similar infectious diseases pandemics. Topics include connections between migration and Ebola, a highly infectious, outbreak-prone disease with devastating consequences; the multifaceted impacts of rabies, a neglected tropical disease affecting populations especially in low resource settings, as well as cholera, an outbreak-prone disease affecting populations in humanitarian settings and low income countries. Connecting public health, medical practice and policy, mental health, and society, this book is relevant to practitioners and scholars working in public health arenas and in areas of migration, development studies, and mental health.

Framing the Opioid Crisis in Canada empirically examines public debates about the opioid crisis by politicians, journalists, and the general public, focusing on who they blame for the crisis and their proposed solutions.

Delving into the complex public discourse surrounding one of the most pressing health crises in Canada, the research investigates how politicians, journalists, and the general public attribute responsibility for the opioid crisis and the solutions they propose. By employing a mixed method approach including the use of various digital tools, this book addresses critical gaps in understanding the opioid crisis. Who do these actors blame for the opioid crisis, and what are the differences and similarities in their perspectives? How have their sources and narratives evolved over time? What solutions do they propose, and how have these solutions changed?

Revealing a polarized discussion and crisis communication that often overlooks the urgent needs of drug users, this is essential reading not only for Canada but also for international audiences facing similar challenges. The multidisciplinary approach provides valuable insights for different academics, health professionals, and policymakers for a better understanding of public health crises worldwide.

This book serves as a compact resource for social work teaching at a time when new ways to understand the world and the people who live in it are continuously needed for social work professionals to be able to fulfill the task of social work. This task is to promote social change and development, social cohesion, and the empowerment and liberation of people.

The scope of the book offers new thinking and understandings that stem from cutting-edge social work research and social work practice across the globe and the ever-changing world that is continuously changing. Individuals and professionals are increasingly aware of different lifestyles and the ways that people are marginalized and excluded. There is need for social work educators to update their materials, teaching methods, and their own thinking in order to be continuously reflexive. Ideas and practices also travel quickly worldwide, and they are being domesticated or renewed and adapted to local contexts.

This book is timely by bringing new global insights for social work practitioners, educators, and scholars with contributions from authors in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. It also challenges the earlier perceptions of social work, marginalization as well as social work education. Key social work education topics covered among the volume's 10 chapters include:

• Sustainability
• Western notions of social work and Indigenous knowledge
• Gerontology
• Self-care
• Service learning
• Interracial team teaching

Contemporary Issues in Social Work Education is essential reading for social work educators and researchers. The compact volume also can be used as an example in pedagogical studies.

This book brings together a group of active researchers and leading scholars of international social work with a special interest in contemporary issues and developments in Asian & Pacific Islander nations. The original works stem from peer-reviewed paper presentations and invited keynote speeches at the Asian & Pacific Islander Social Work Educators Association (APISWEA) International Conference, offering a comprehensive exploration of "state of the art" of Asian Pacific Islander Social Work Research and Practice. Along with a sister volume entitled Social Work Practice and Research with Diverse Populations: US-China and Asian Pacific Island Experiences, the manuscripts span diverse clusters, from professionalization and education in social work to emerging areas like Artificial Intelligence in practice, responses to COVID-19, and the integration of indigenous perspectives in social work. By zooming in on China and addressing critical themes such as localization, community development, and international collaboration, this rare collection provides valuable insights for both scholars and practitioners.

The book serves as an essential resource for social work professionals, educators, policymakers, and researchers who seek to understand and contribute to the evolving landscape of social work in the Asia-Pacific region, particularly in China. It is equally beneficial for those involved in shaping the future of social work education, practice, and policy, ensuring that the unique needs and perspectives of diverse communities are effectively addressed.

This book brings together a group of active researchers and leading scholars of international social work with a special interest in contemporary issues and developments in Asian & Pacific Islander regions. The original works stem from peer-reviewed paper presentations and invited keynote speeches at the Asian & Pacific Islander Social Work Educators Association (APISWEA) International Conference held in Chengdu, China, offering a comprehensive exploration of "state of the art" of Asian Pacific Islander social work research and practice. Along with a sister volume entitled Social Work Profession, Education, and Research: US-China and Asian Pacific Island Perspectives the manuscripts span diverse clusters, from professionalization and education in social work to emerging areas like Artificial Intelligence in practice, responses to COVID-19, and the integration of indigenous perspectives in social work. By zooming in on China and addressing critical themes such as localization, community development, and international collaboration, this rare collection provides valuable insights for both scholars and practitioners.

The book serves as an essential resource for social work professionals, educators, policymakers, and researchers who seek to understand and contribute to the evolving landscape of social work in the Asia-Pacific region, particularly in China. It is equally beneficial for those involved in shaping the future of social work education, practice, and policy, ensuring that the unique needs and perspectives of diverse communities are effectively addressed.

This book highlights the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on Bangladesh's marginalised communities and the pivotal role of Social Safety Net Programs (SSNPs) in alleviating poverty and food insecurity of low-income families. Emphasising the need for inclusive decision-making and the involvement of citizen perspectives to ensure no one is left behind to align with the Sustainable Development Goal 10: Reduced Inequalities, the authors stress the importance of engaging local government institutions to coordinate timely and effective assistance in times of crises. Advocating for increased funding and improved targeting mechanisms, the authors identify the critical need for real-time data to inform policy responses effectively. Strategies to address chronic poverty are outlined, emphasizing the multifaceted approach needed for effective poverty reduction. The mixed-methods research sheds light on the potential of SSNPs to not only address immediate food security concerns but also wider social equity of those in need. Lower-middle-income countries, including Bangladesh, face complex challenges adapting to economic changes, urbanization, and societal shifts, necessitating robust social protection policies. While Bangladesh has progressed in reducing poverty, this book acknowledges challenges and regional disparities across four unions and different districts, which were selected based on specific criteria to ensure diversity. This book is of interest to scholars and students of social policy, public policy, sociology and public administration, particularly in the South Asian context.

This book analyzes China's poverty reduction efforts through vivid case studies. Based on village research, 18 representative villages were selected for this book. From the perspective of a village observer, the case authors tell typical examples on the road to poverty alleviation in villages with qualitative analysis and vivid examples. The 18 cases in this book focus on the people and events in the villages, reflecting the poverty alleviation situation and socio-economic development posture of the poor villages at the forefront of the battle against poverty.