労働経済・労働問題 — 全 下位分類

This book explores a quiet revolution reshaping global capitalism: the rise of employee ownership, worker cooperatives, and profit-sharing enterprises. With 17% of US adult workers now holding equity in their companies, a new Employee Ownership Trust (EOT) being established daily in the UK, a mature sector thriving in France, extensive tax incentives in Canada, the continued development of several mature worker cooperative sectors worldwide such as Mondragon, and interest in many other nations, shared ownership is no longer a fringe idea.

Authored by leading researchers, this volume presents 16 studies on how equity and profit shares for workers operate-exploring their impact on employees' lives, firm performance, local communities, the racial wealth gap, and the determinants that drive success or failure in such enterprises. This volume is one of the first to examine the emergence of businesses that share financial results with workers as a global phenomenon; it positions this model as a significant development in postindustrial capitalism. With a strong grounding in theory, and a coherent conceptual framework to explain observed behaviors and responses of workers, managers, and firms, this volume offers evidence-based insights that should influence policy in countries around the world.

This book will be essential reading for scholars and students in economics, sociology, business, public policy, labor studies, and organizational theory, as well as for policymakers, practitioners, and advocates interested in building more equitable and resilient economies.

The chapters in this book were first published in the International Review of Applied Economics.

Including discussions of its application to leadership, teamwork, and a variety of specific occupations, the Handbook illustrates how employees regulate others' emotions as well as their own. The contributing authors recognize the structural forces that shape emotion regulation, encompassing social norms, fairness, power, and status, and underscore the importance of the interplay between intra- and interpersonal aspects of emotion management. Analyzing how gender, race, age, and national culture shape emotions and emotion regulation at work, chapters explore the interface of sociological, psychological, and management concepts in shaping individual and interpersonal effectiveness and well-being at work. Ultimately, the Handbook maps out an agenda for potential future opportunities and challenges in the study of emotion regulation at work.

The Handbook of Emotion Regulation at Work is a vital resource for scholars and students of work psychology, sociology, and organizational behavior. Professionals in human resource management will also benefit from its practical and theoretical insights.

Freelancing has become a dominant work mode in communication industries such as public relations, marketing communications, digital media, and corporate communication, offering flexibility, autonomy, and creative freedom to workers, as well as dynamic access to specialized skills for businesses. However, below this shiny surface lies a complex reality marked by job insecurity, unequal access to job opportunities, and persistent gender constraints. Studies that looked at this profession in the communication industries through the lens of gender have been few and far between.

Gender and Freelancing in the Communication Industries: Experiences, Practices, Discourses is the first edited volume to focus specifically and exclusively on the intersection of gender and freelancing within the communication industries, challenging the assumption that freelancing is inherently liberating. The book investigates how gendered narratives, structural inequalities, and national labour policies influence freelancers' identities, career dynamics, and everyday practices, offering a comprehensive perspective of national and international viewpoints and inviting critical reflection on equity, identity, and sustainability in the gig economy.

Divided into three thematic sections, the chapters examine discourses surrounding resilience and empowerment in online communities, explore exclusionary networking practices, and uncover how women navigate precarity, work-life balance, and professional isolation. Contributors draw from diverse methods including autoethnography, qualitative interviews, and generational analysis to capture the lived realities of freelance communication professionals.

This collected volume benefits professionals from various fields, including communication specialists, researchers, business leaders, and policymakers. Freelancers seeking to understand their role in the economy, communication experts exploring gender dynamics in their industry, and researchers interested in the intersection of gender, work, and freelancing will find valuable insights.

The Future of Work and Work Design explores the evolving landscape of work and the need for redesigning both jobs and work environments. As technological, socio-demographic, and economic shifts continue to reshape the workplace, this in-depth volume explores how work design can respond to these changes. From the early days of scientific management, which focused on simplifying jobs for efficiency, to more modern approaches emphasising employee satisfaction and autonomy, work design has played a crucial role in organisational performance and employee well-being.

Taking an ecosystem approach, with insights from human resources, organisational behaviour, and strategic management, the authors offer a framework for understanding how strategy, culture, capabilities, and workforce composition interact at macro, meso, and micro levels. By rethinking traditional models, this book provides both scholars and practitioners with practical insights into the future of work and the skills, competencies, and capabilities that will define it.

The continuing prevalence of racial inequality and discrimination is well documented in Britain. While there are multiple accounts of how state institutions are shaped by and reproduce racism, much less has been said about their current and potential contribution to anti-racism. This book elucidates the long-term impact on racism of positive action in employment and multicultural school curricula. It also explores whether international human rights law creates a duty for states to adopt these policies. Positive action and multicultural curricula are not new and have long been advocated by multiculturalists, but this book systematically unpacks how they can counter four structural drivers of racism: racialised national identities, racialised power inequalities, racial fearmongering, and racial segregation. The book goes on to examine the extent to which they have been implemented in Britain, as well as the legal and political opportunities for future development.

This open access book describes and explains a fifty-year-old woman's process of developing trade competences. Drawing from daily journal entries, photographs, interviews from 10 fabrication shops, and online forums about trades, this autoethnography details the author's learning process at Howe's Welding and Metal Fabrication, where she has worked for over three years. This book uses accessible, everyday language and draws heavily from personal experience in trades, taking the value of trades as a given and explaining the process of developing the depth and breadth of conceptual and procedural knowledges-the competences-required to work in repair and fabrication shops like Howe's. This book combines a research-derived framework for analyzing scaffolded learning and expertise development with stories of learning how and learning what. Readers will gain a better understanding of knowledge development in trades workplaces, including how one-to-one interactions scaffold knowledge, how workers gradually enter a community of practice, and how workplaces can constrain learning. This book also gives readers a view of workplace learning over time and helps readers-researchers and practitioners-recognize opportunities for development toward expertise. The book is useful for tradespeople, especially newcomers to trades and, in particular, women.

This handbook focuses on two critical aspects in today's professional environments: change and resilience. Change has manifested itself as a constant in today's world, often caused by factors beyond our control. Resilience emanates from our efforts to convert changes from challenges into opportunities. The book addresses three main themes: 1) adapting to a changing work landscape, which explores the historical, societal, technological, and global factors influencing work environments; 2) leadership in times of flux, investigating leadership roles and strategies during organizational change, including communication tactics, ethical considerations, and 3) the transformative impact of leadership; and building resilience in the face of uncertainty, encompassing leadership and self-leadership, humor, collaboration, and adapting ancient traditions to modern challenges. Due to its fascinating range of topics, this handbook will be of interest to a broad range of readers, including researchers, practitioners, and coaches interested in understanding organizational operations and employees' adaptations to societal changes.

This compelling book delves into the damaging effects of job insecurity in higher education across ten countries, shedding light on its profound implications for individuals and institutions. By exploring the associations between job insecurity and critical factors such as health, well-being, and performance, it underscores the urgent need for effective intervention measures. The book also highlights the ripple effects of job insecurity on academic staff, researchers, PhD and postdoctoral students as well as administrative and support staff, ultimately impacting the quality of education. Featuring the largest cross-country data collection on this topic to date, this collaborative effort brings together leading international researchers to provide novel insights. Each chapter offers unique comparative analyses, making the book a vital resource for academics, policymakers, students, and readers worldwide who are invested in the future of higher education. It is both a call to action and a foundation for further research in this critical area.

This book delves into the intricate challenges faced by Indian youth as they enter the labour market. It explores vital aspects of youth's journey from school to the labour market, offering insights into the current status and strategies for harnessing the demographic dividend, bridging the gap between labour market demand and supply, addressing the issue of skill mismatch, and tackling the challenge of inactive or idle youth in India. The book draws from analysing a diverse range of data sources, including statistics from organizations like the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Bank's World Development Indicators (WDI); as well as data from surveys such as Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) and Employment-Unemployment Survey (EUS), conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), Government of India; and educational surveys such as Unified District Information System for Education (UDISE), All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE), School Education Quality Index (SEQI) and NSSO's surveys on Household Social Consumption: Education. These data cover a period spanning of over two decades, from 2000 to 2023. The book is a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and anyone interested in understanding the complex challenges and opportunities associated with the transition of Indian youth from school to decent employment. This transition is closely linked to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 4 and 8; and with India being home to the world's largest youth population, the book showcases aspects of a critical area of focus for organizations and entities working towards these global objectives.

Automation in industrial sectors is already a well-developed topic in management, economics, and sociology literature. By contrast, this short contributed volume sheds new lights on the process of automation in the service sector, by means of a workplace case-study approach. It investigates three essential sectors largely populated by a vulnerable workforce composition, namely logistics, cleaning and healthcare, and assesses the extent to which processes of automation introduced by managerial decisions entail labour expulsion and human substitution. The result of the research shows that the most low-valued workers are among the least automatable, because of the inherent complexity of their activities. Leveraging on this, the book argues the need to reconsider the essentiality of labour as determinant of its value. It will be of great interest to scholars and students of management, economics and sociology with an interest in labour, industrial relations, innovation and decent work and employment.

Examining the essential role-and exploitation-of frontline workers across the food chain.

Consumers are demanding a healthier and more sustainable food system. Yet labor is rarely part of the discussion. In Will Work for Food, Laura-Anne Minkoff-Zern and Teresa M. Mares chronicle labor across the food chain, connecting the entire food system-from fields to stores, restaurants, home kitchens, and even garbage dumps.

Using a political economy framework, the authors argue that improving labor standards and building solidarity among frontline workers across sectors is necessary for creating a more just food system. What would it take, they ask, to move toward a food system that is devoid of human exploitation? Combining insights from food systems and labor justice scholarship with actionable recommendations for policy makers, the book is a call to action for labor activists, food studies students and scholars, and anyone interested in food justice.

Grounded in "The Race Between Education and Technology," this book uses multisource data to analyse the evolving labour market for college graduates, interpreting how the relationship between humans and automation shifts from competition to coexistence, which is reshaping skill demand, education policy, and labour market in China and abroad.

In examining the competition between humans and automation, the authors analyse how automation is pushing graduates out of informal employment, reshaping their career paths, and changing labour market structures. They also explore the impact of automation on skill demand, distinguishing between general and specific skills and highlighting how technological advancements are driving the evolving requirements of the labour market. The discussion then moves from competition to coexistence between humans and automation, highlighting the crucial role of education policy in managing human-automation substitution. The authors contend that rather than simply displacing human workers, automation can be integrated into the workforce in a way that promotes coexistence and even synergy between human skills and technological innovation.

This book advances the traditional understanding of the relationship between technology, labour market, and education. It will appeal to scholars and students who are interested in the economics of education and labour economics.

This book explores unemployment from a monetary macroeconomics perspective, identifying the pathology at the origin of unemployment and the principles of reform that will enable a passage from capitalism to post-capitalism.

Bernard Schmitt explores the problem of involuntary unemployment by developing his quantum monetary macroeconomic analysis, demonstrating that the presence of fixed capital increases both physical productivity and the production of economic value. Money is at the core of Schmitt's analysis because the relation between money and output is what makes it difficult to explain the origin of involuntary unemployment. Schmitt shows that unemployment is formally impossible in any economy producing wage-, interest-, and investment-goods. It is only when the economic system includes fixed capital amortization that the conditions for the formation of unemployment are met. The determining role is played by the natural rate of interest: when this rate falls below the market rate of interest, unemployment sets in. Schmitt provides a new explanation of the mechanism leading to unemployment and advocates a reform that, if implemented, would break any link between capital accumulation and unemployment.

This book is essential reading for those interested in issues around unemployment and post-capitalism as well as the fields of political economy, macroeconomics, economic theory, and heterodox economics more broadly.

This book explores gender discrimination and women's movements in China - from the May Fourth movement to present day. It critically examines the dynamics of the personal and political, or 'home' and 'work', and the role this discourse plays in women's lives.

The book looks at women's 'work' within the contested field of a gender power struggle both in the politics and society in China. Patterns of employment for women have evolved over the years and women have continued to face new challenges at home and outside as the boundaries between the political and personal blurs. This book analyses the birth of feminism in China, its amalgamation with Marxism to take the form of the women's liberation movement propagated by the party and state and its impact on shaping contemporary Chinese women. It also discusses the theoretical and practical trajectory of women's liberation movement and the changing ideas on women and gender in contemporary China.

The book will be of interest to students and researchers of gender studies, political sociology, Chinese studies, sociology of work and industry, history of women's work in China, labour history, gender inequality and discrimination in the workplace in China.

Drawing on data collected in London's precarious labour market during the COVID- 19 pandemic, this book explores the pragmatic actions of precarious work that produce simultaneous security and vulnerability.

The analysis spans the full scope of precarious working: procedures of job searching and applying, conducting duties and becoming acclimatised to the workplace, and exercises of chaining precarious jobs together or planning an exit into permanent and full- time work. These are brought into discussion to show how the flexibility of job searching interacts with the confinement of workplace activity.

This book is a valuable contribution for scholars and students in the fields of sociology of work, and of social stratification, that has important implications for our understanding of employment in late modernity. Its ethnographic data regarding the practicalities of precarious work is highly relevant to social work, social policy, management and business. The application of that data to debates over the nature of capitalism is relevant to theoreticians across the social sciences including sociology, geography, anthropology and organizational studies.

This book offers a timely exploration of the continuous training of individuals, a subject crucial to both business competitiveness and societal progress in today's rapidly changing world. Addressing the digital and climate revolutions, it examines how lifelong learning helps workers adapt their skills to meet evolving demands while supporting active ageing for all citizens, even in retirement.

Divided into three sections, the book features studies that combine theoretical insights and practical recommendations from renowned experts in education and law. The book stands out for its international scope, with chapters covering diverse national perspectives from countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan and various European nations. It uniquely integrates both education and legal perspectives, providing a comprehensive analysis that addresses gaps in existing literature. Readers will benefit from clear, accessible language, proposals for key stakeholders (e.g., policymakers, social partners), and coverage of pressing issues like vocational training for immigrants, legal frameworks for non-formal learning and the impact of digital transitions on workforce development.

This book is an essential resource for academics, researchers, advanced students, legal professionals, educators, policymakers, trade unions, and employer associations. It offers valuable insights for anyone involved in Labour Law, social security, vocational training or workforce development on a global scale.

This book is a study of digital workers across diverse contexts in China and Europe, giving valuable insight into their origins, abilities, and working conditions.

As the growth of digital work changes the nature of work and employment and the consequences of this for individual workers, this book considers the shift of much economic activity to online activity, examines increasing economic globalization that involves a new global division of labor, with novel forms of global capitalism, and emphasizes the fact that increasingly work for many people is now digital work. It highlights the consequences of this shift, which include the casualization of work, new subaltern labor, and the precarity of employment contracts - whether as self-employment or digital wage - and the relations between digital work, globalization, and emotional capitalism. It discusses how new forms of labor exploitation and how individual and collective mobilizations are emerging, how specific groups such as migrants are especially vulnerable, and how these new forms of capitalism and of working are leading to a rearrangement of the geographical structure of the world economy, with notable consequences for Asia and other non-Western regions.

Broadening the global understanding of the evolving nature of work in the digital age, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of the sociology of work and economic sociology, as well as digital sociology.

This geographically and methodologically diverse volume shines the spotlight on a variety of flexible working practices beyond the predominantly Western perspective and zooms in on the gendered aspects of flexible working.

The increasing use of flexible work arrangements has decoupled work from time and space, making the world of work and home increasingly fluid and challenging to manage. The Covid-19 pandemic, in particular, has been a catalyst for questioning accepted norms of where, when, and how work takes place. This book seeks to explore the impact which this reshaping of traditional modes of working has had on workplace interactions and relationships, as well as on managing the boundaries between familial and working lives. In this way, this collection contributes to a wider dialogue concerning the flexibility challenges encountered by white collar workers, which is needed now more than ever.

This book will be relevant to scholars, practitioners, and policymakers in the fields of gender studies, organizational behavior, human resources and labor economics. It will be particularly useful for those examining the impact of remote work, the future of work, organizational culture, and the social and economic implications of shifting work practices.

The chapters in this book were originally published in Culture and Organization and are accompanied by an updated Introduction and a new Epilogue.