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A groundbreaking history that illuminates Catholic sisters at the center of the Catholic Church's encounter with Nazism.

Faith under Fascism: Catholic Sisters in Nazi Germany reveals the vital role women religious played in confronting, navigating, and ultimately outlasting the Third Reich. Focusing on the School Sisters of Notre Dame, Martina Cucchiara restores nearly 92,000 Catholic sisters-long overshadowed by priests-to the history of Catholicism under Nazism.

As teachers, the sisters encountered the Nazi regime daily in classrooms that became contested sites where Catholic faith, Nazi ideology, and the futures of Catholic and Jewish children intersected. Far from passive victims, the sisters engaged Nazi ideas selectively, creating temporary sanctuaries for Jewish students while also easing Catholic girls' participation in the Nazi state. Their experiences complicate simple narratives of resistance and collaboration, revealing a history marked by endurance, adaptation, and moral tension.

By tracing the regime's sustained campaign within and against Catholic schools and religious communities, Cucchiara also intervenes in debates about Nazi intentions toward the churches. Drawing on rich archival sources and the sisters' lived experience, Faith under Fascism demonstrates that the regime sought not coexistence but the gradual destruction of religious life. Highlighting the sisters' tenacious perseverance and the ways their everyday actions frustrated the regime's efforts to suppress Catholic institutions, the book reshapes our understanding of Catholicism and German society under Nazism.

When considering Texas in the Civil War, the traditional consensus among historians has been that the conflict had relatively little effect on the people at home. With no major military operations in the state, slavery remained untouched, food remained plentiful, towns stood undestroyed, and lives proceeded as they had before the war for most people. The development of social history in Texas studies over the last two decades has shown, however, that the war produced disruptions beyond the obvious end of slavery in the state. Carl H. Moneyhon tests the generalization that Texans emerged from the Civil War relatively unscathed. There is no question that Texas never saw large armies march across the landscape destroying farms, plantations, and towns in their path. Does that mean, however, that Texans paid no price for going to war?

With deep reliance on primary sources, Moneyhon first examines the set of ideas about the North, enslaved people, and slavery that developed in Texas during the 1850s that provided the framework for secession, war, and military mobilization. He explores who joined the Confederate armies, why they continued to fight despite desperate conditions, and how their experiences affected them. Largely overlooked questions of finance and supply provide the focus of two chapters. Another considers the question of frontiers, bearing in mind the existence of multiple frontiers rather than simply that of the state's western and northwestern boundaries. Moneyhon investigates the breakdown of Confederate consensus and the development of anti-Confederate sentiment and movements. How the war affected family and class are topics that have received considerable recent attention and are also explored herein. Finally, he examines military history and Union activities in Texas, considering both the effect these actions had on the people of the state and the impact of defeat on soldiers and civilians.

The Routledge Companion to Video Games and History explores the dynamic intersection between video games and historical scholarship.

This comprehensive handbook delves into the ways video games present, interpret, and engage with history, moving beyond questions of accuracy to examine their potential as tools for education, research, and cultural critique. With contributions from international experts, this volume provides a rich, interdisciplinary perspective on how video games shape our understanding of the past. Divided into three sections, the book covers a wide range of topics. The first section, Making History, investigates how video games construct historical narratives, from counterfactual storytelling to the representation of indigenous and postcolonial histories. The second section, Analysing History, examines the portrayal of historical themes such as gender, race, religion, and economics, as well as the unique ways video games engage with cultural memory and historiography. The final section, Playing History, explores the experiential aspects of historical games, including their use in education, fandom, and reflective game design, while also addressing their role in shaping political and cultural myths.

This companion is an essential resource for historians, game designers, educators, and researchers seeking to understand the evolving relationship between video games and history.

Communities of color have long been subject to extreme policing and surveillance in Texas. Despite such formidable challenges, these communities have launched multiple movements to ensure public safety and equal treatment before the law. Looking for Justice in Texas provides historical context for these contemporary problems by examining potent examples of over-policing and multiple acts of resistance that took place in the Lone Star State during the twentieth century.

The contributors to this edited volume, both established and emerging scholars, employ original research to demonstrate that the over-policing of African Americans, Mexican Americans, and immigrants has an extensive history in Texas. Looking for Justice delves into a range of pertinent topics, including how the circuits of power link borderlands policing to law enforcement in other states, white club women's support for the installation of a Confederate memorial and the removal of a middle-class African-American community, the influence of the Ku Klux Klan in the establishment of local police departments, the courts' role in racial and gender-based discrimination against African Americans in East Texas the racialization of citizenship as a result of moral policing, the mobilization of Chicanos in response to anti-Mexican violence, and connections between the racialization of US citizenship and the policing of African immigrants.

While much progress has been made in the struggle for justice, significant challenges remain among the state's communities of color. As volume editor Omar Valerio-Jimenez emphasizes in his thought-provoking conclusion, Texas's history of policing and struggles for racial justice are particularly relevant and important to understand in the present day if more progress is to be achieved.

Forthcoming Fall 2026

Women's independent travel and the negotiation of risk and respectability

Women Traveling by Themselves in Nineteenth-Century America is a critical anthology of travel writing by women who journeyed without male escort. The collection brings together diaries, rare publications, and selections from canonical writers such as Harriet Martineau, Margaret Fuller, and Isabella Bird, alongside lesser known figures, including Rachael Morgan Ball, whose diary is published here for the first time.

By framing selections with substantive editorial introductions, David J. Langum Sr. situates these texts within broader debates about gender, mobility, and independence. Rather than focusing solely on literary expression, the anthology foregrounds the material and social dimensions of travel, revealing the perils and possibilities women encountered on the road.

These accounts challenge assumptions that independent female travel was exceptionally dangerous while illuminating women's agency during a period of dynamic social and technological change. This anthology is ideal for courses in women's history and life writing, transportation history, and mobility studies.

The Routledge Handbook of the Archaeology of Classical Houses and Households offers a comprehensive guide to the archaeology of Graeco-Roman houses and households.

This handbook provides a chronologically expansive and geographically diverse survey of the material, both of housing itself, and of topics related to households as revealed through archaeological research. It covers a broad depth of time, spanning Early Iron Age Greece through to Late Antiquity. Geographical coverage embraces not just Greece and Italy but takes into account the wider Mediterranean basin. Presentations of housing from a range of sites place them into their historical and archaeological contexts and include not only well-known examples but also those from less conspicuous locations.

The Routledge Handbook of the Archaeology of Classical Houses and Households is for undergraduates to graduate students, professionals as well as researchers in Archaeology and Classics interested in the social life of the Greek and Roman world and beyond.

Most people are familiar with the landmark 1954 Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education, which held that state laws mandating racial segregation in public schools were unconstitutional. But what about the court cases that far preceded, and informed, this national ruling? They took place in smaller courts, in unsung parts of the United States, including in Oklahoma Territory. There, decades before Brown v. Board, Black citizens worked to challenge legislation and local school board restrictions that segregated their schools. In We Fought Back, Sara Doolittle analyzes a rich array of previously unexplored court challenges during Oklahoma's territorial period (1889-1907), revealing how Black residents' cases reshaped understandings of race, citizenship, and the federal role in American schooling.

After the Civil War, Black homesteaders sought a refuge and new life in Oklahoma Territory. There-before 1907, when the state constitution and subsequent laws would enshrine Jim Crow-Black homesteaders held equal rights to land under the Homestead and Organic Acts. They had historic access to integrated education in other states, in neighboring Indian Territory, and on military posts. As national jurisprudence increasingly equated segregation with equality after Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), Black families in Oklahoma Territory resisted this narrowing of their rights. Oklahoma's territorial courts heard more cases brought by Black families demanding educational access than any other state in the nation. And in striking contrast to developments elsewhere, these families received sympathetic rulings from federally appointed judges in the territory's early courts.

By examining the stories behind cases such as Porter v. Commissioners of Kingfisher County (1898) and Simmons v. Board of Education of the City of Muskogee (1938), Doolittle reveals a dynamic and contested landscape, a place where acceptance of "separate but equal" was anything but the foregone conclusion standard histories have suggested. Through compelling and accessible accounts of real Oklahomans demanding educational equality, We Fought Back explores the deep roots of activism in the state and illuminates a critical moment of convergence between law, public education, and the meaning of Black citizenship.

This book uses 50 years of modern archaeology to re-examine Henri Pirenne's canonical thesis, Mohammed, Charlemagne (1937/39). It advances a new paradigm using material evidence to reinterpret the established narrative of the post-Roman creation of Europe based upon written sources mostly written by ecclesiastical authors.

The book begins by setting out the historiographical argument and the archaeological and anthropological methods used to make sense of the material evidence. It then shows how a so-called temple society emerged in Late Antiquity and, through overweening concerns with the afterlife, set in motion not just the collapse of the Roman world but also led to the creation of new political forces in, first Ireland, then emergent Anglo-Saxon England. Pivoting on events in the later 7th century in England and Frisia, it traces the subsequent evolution of the temple society in Francia, and its fundamental importance to Charlemagne's cultural and economic revolution that, through many innovations, shaped Medieval Europe. Finally, the narrative examines the immediate aftermath of the end of the temple society in the 10th and 11th centuries. Emphasis is then placed on the role of external forces, the Vikings in north-west Europe and the Arabs in the Mediterranean, as instigators of economic changes that became baked into European town and country life after the turn of the millennium.

Ending with a compelling call for a revision of our contemporary European concerns in an increasingly nationalist era, this book is an essential read for students and scholars of medieval European history and medieval archaeology.

Long overshadowed in ancient historiography, the Peucetians of Central Apulia, in southeastern Italy, are brought into focus for the first time in Life and Death in Central Apulia. Carefully examining Peucetian burial assemblages, archaeologist Bice Peruzzi traces a social history of this Italic people from the sixth to the third centuries BCE. She demonstrates that, far from being passive recipients of the more "advanced" cultures of their Greek or Roman neighbors, the Peucetians made nuanced, deliberate, and informed choices in the preparation and treatment of their dead, reflecting the complexities of individual, social, and cultural identities of the deceased. This indicates a mature culture, in full interaction with other Mediterranean peoples, and visible and worthy of scholarly attention in its own right. This detailed study offers a fresh look at ancient Italy beyond the historiographic dominance of Greece and Rome and represents the recovery of one thread of a more vibrant ancient Mediterranean cultural tapestry.

Published to great acclaim in French and now available for the first time in English, Elissa Mailaender's groundbreaking book explores how the Nazi regime used sexuality to promote political loyalty, conformity, and cohesion among "ordinary" Germans. Beginning before the collapse of the Weimar Republic and continuing through the postwar American occupation of Germany, Mailaender's study highlights the complex and conflicted ways that sexual "liberation," repression, and violence were used and experienced in the everyday lives of citizens of the Reich. Her analysis draws on a vast array of sources, from legal dossiers to private photographs and letters, as well as public archives, magazines, and movies. Mailaender's findings are often uncomfortable; she demonstrates, for example, that a significant number of women who were not persecuted by the regime saw shifts in gender and sexual norms as positive developments-ones that some felt were lost under the American occupation, with its own routines of military sexual exploitation. What emerges is a portrait of a regime that was less interested in repressing sexuality than in reinventing it according to a racist, elitist, and homophobic agenda.

The revived Knights of the Ku Klux Klan flourished in Oregon in the early 1920s. With more than sixty chapters established in both large and small communities like Portland, Medford, Astoria, and La Grande, the Klan's power escalated in the region. Klan salesmen, working on commission, successfully enlisted Oregonians with a message of religious prejudice and racism. At the Klan's peak, Portland was home to the sixth largest chapter in the country and there were more members per capita in Oregon than in any other state except one.

In Peddlers of Hate, journalist Steve Law draws on published and unpublished sources, new research, and interviews with leading scholars to provide a comprehensive account of how Oregon became one of the Klan's strongest outposts. Representing the Klan as merely a fraternal lodge, Klan recruiters were trained to vilify Catholics, immigrants, Blacks, and Jews. They gained wide support, toppling an incumbent governor and congressman, persuading voters to ban Catholic schools, and winning control of the legislature and several local governments. From stories of "escaped nuns" to fiery crosses at mass Klan rallies at Salem's state fairgrounds and Portland's Mount Tabor Park, Law examines this divisive and forgotten time in Oregon's history. He shows how it was finally greed, hypocrisy, and corruption that spurred the hate group's demise-providing historical lessons that will resonate today.

For fans of James Loewen's Lies My Teacher Told Me, a bold new popular history exposing the hidden truths about race long omitted from our school textbooks

Following in the tradition of James Loewen's bestselling Lies My Teacher Told Me, Erased peels back the layers of sanitized and hidden histories to reveal the shocking, untold stories of race and racism in the United States-stories deliberately left out of most textbooks. From the enslaved people who built and labored in the White House, to the near extinction of bison as the federal government sought to starve Native peoples into submission, to the nation's role in the Nazis' atrocities of the twentieth century, Erased delivers thirty-eight eye-opening chapters that expose what is often deliberately erased from U.S. history lessons.

Through careful research and vivid storytelling, sociologists Nikki Khanna and Kathleen Odell Korgen bring readers into moments rarely included in traditional accounts of U.S. history, bridging the gap between what we were taught and what we should know about our past.

For concerned citizens, students, and educators, Erased will inform, inspire, and leave readers ready to engage in meaningful conversations about America's past and its impact on today.

An eloquent chronicle of the fortunes of four generations of one family, whose lives intertwine with pivotal moments in U.S. immigration and Chinese American history

"I have made you a fish, now you must find water." As family lore has it, Margaret Woo's great-great-grandmother spoke these words to her son before he left for America in the 1880s. She had sold her only water buffalo to pay for the steam ship ticket, knowing that in sending him in search of a better life, she might never see him again. With these words, she set in motion an odyssey spanning four generations.

The City of Jade Trees is Woo's family's story, beginning with her great-grandfather, an early "sojourner," and her grandfather, whose arrival coincided with the passing of the Chinese Exclusion Act, and continuing with her father, a trained navigator in the Flying Tigers, and her mother, the privileged daughter of a member of the infamous Green Gang. By the time Woo stepped foot on American soil at the age of seven to join her family, who now ran a Chinese restaurant, it was during a rare welcoming window of immigration reform.

Illuminating the greater arc of Chinese American history and the history of immigration to the United States, The City of Jade Trees is a powerful, moving story of each generation of a family forced to negotiate their own identity as they leave all that they know behind for a future they cannot yet see.

Mobility and Materiality in Byzantine-Islamic Relations, 7th-12th Centuries offers a fresh perspective on the medieval Eastern Mediterranean by exploring the movement of people, objects and ideas across boundaries, challenging established views of frontiers, commerce, ideology and identity in Byzantine-Islamic relations. Ranging from foodstuffs, ceramics and mosaics to clergy, artisans and the movement of words across languages, the volume follows the flows of exchange that linked a vast region extending from Constantinople, the Aegean and Anatolia to the Near East and the Mediterranean islands.

Against the background of anthropological theories of exchange, the fourteen contributors examine trade, diplomacy, migration, warfare, and religious and artistic exchange as interconnected processes that often overlapped and reinforced one another. At the same time, they explore mobility as a transformative force that reshaped societies, identities and cultural practices, while also altering the very people, objects and ideas in motion. Equally important is the volume's engagement with recent approaches to materiality, which treat objects, infrastructures, landscapes and technologies as active participants in processes of interaction and change. Combining theoretical reflection with textual, archaeological, numismatic, sigillographic and art historical evidence, the volume challenges conventional views of Byzantine-Islamic relations as interactions between isolated societies. Instead, it reveals a medieval Mediterranean shaped by exchange, mobility and materiality, which in turn were transformed by cultural frameworks and institutions such as states.

The volume will be of interest to scholars and students in the fields of Byzantine Studies, Islamic Near Eastern Studies, Mediterranean Studies, mobility and materiality studies as well as frontier studies

How do poor Black communities co-exist with downtown revitalization? How do Black social movements respond to urban renewal to ensure access to better housing and city spaces? John Tilghman investigates these interlocking questions in Jim Crow from the Harbor. Looking at Baltimore, Maryland's redevelopment in the post-war era of deindustrialization and population decline through white flight, Tilghman tells the story of how Black activists clashed with urban regimes.

Tilghman follows the money-redevelopment profits-which created tensions that prompted anti-freeway campaigns and affirmative action efforts. Through grassroots activism, protests, and community building, participants in the Black Freedom Struggle undermined downtown interests' efforts to reinforce racial segregation as well as other civil, political, and economic inequalities.

While their efforts met with both success and limitations, Tilghman emphasizes the strengths of this minority majority population as they strove for urban equality. Jim Crow from the Harbor provides a new perspective that helps explain what has provoked today's struggles in Baltimore for Black Americans.

In the series Urban Life, Landscape, and Policy

Building upon growing research on the persecution and genocide perpetrated by the Nazis and their collaborators against Europe's Roma and Sinti populations between 1940 and 1945, this edited volume reveals new findings relating to the genocide, its operation, and the reactions of Romani communities.

The case studies span a wide range of Western, Central and Eastern European countries, covering the period in which the genocide of Roma and Sinti took place, the memory of the genocide and its representation since then. The authors uncover and examine new sources that provide previously undocumented details of the unfolding of genocide and responses to it, notably in the context of Poland and France. They also highlight individual stories in other areas such as Czechoslovakia that are illustrative of the broader context of persecution of Roma. With original analysis of Romani memoirs and testimonies, the volume represents a sustained reflection on the importance of including Romani voices when documenting the history of the genocide.

This book will be of interest to undergraduates, postgraduates and specialist researchers working in Romani studies, Holocaust and genocide studies, the Nazi era, memory studies, museum studies and oral history.

Muslims, Jews, Christians and Pagans: Studies on Pre- and Early Islamic History brings together eleven studies published between 2009 and 2024, arranged in three sections: Pre-Islamic idols, Mu?ammad at Medina, and Jews and Christians in early Islam.

Based on a wide range of primary sources that are now more accessible than ever, the volume offers a rigorously critical and finely textured exploration of early Islamic history. Rather than relying on grand narratives, Lecker illuminates the subject through background details, genealogies, geographical information, and other fragmentary evidence, assembling a mosaic that at times draws us closer to the turbulent formative centuries of Islam.

This volume will appeal to readers interested in the history of Jews, Christians, and pagans in late antiquity and early Islam, the Arabian Peninsula on the eve of Islam and in its earliest period, and the political, social, and economic history of the early Islamic world.

This book explores how a near-certain union victory in a 1926 eleven-week cloakmakers' strike that would have delivered control of one of America's largest unions to the Workers' (Communist) Party instead ended in catastrophic defeat due to the collision of union, party, and industry pressures.

Drawing on union records, party documents, and firsthand accounts largely unused in prior scholarship, the book moves beyond the ideological assumptions that have long shaped these accounts to offer the first sustained institutional analysis of the event which devastated the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) and destroyed the Communists' best chance to dominate American labor. It explores the chronic disorder of the garment industry's jobber-contractor system, the fragmented authority of the ILGWU, factional warfare and Comintern subordination within the Workers' Party, and the impossible position of union leaders caught between irreconcilable obligations.

The book will appeal to historians, sociologists, and political scientists interested in American Communism, American labor, immigration, radicalism, Jewish-American life, organizational failure, and institutional authority.

This book is a social and economic history of Hungary in the late eighteenth century, written in the form of a microhistory. Through microanalyses of a miller's recruitment into the army, the life of a vagrant farm labourer, the illicit sale of wine by a postmaster, a violent conflict between two squires, and two murder cases, it addresses a range of important themes, including the relationship between peasant communities and their lords, and the presence of the army in the everyday lives of common people.

These micro-level analyses combine to create a coherent account of Hungary from the 1760s to the end of the century. They reveal significant capital accumulation in the agrarian sector, the omnipresence of both the army and wine in everyday life, and the crucial role played by the local communities of the oppressed population in sustaining the ancien regime. In this way, microhistory offers a novel framework for national history.

The Wine and the Soldiers: A Microhistory of Hungary, 1761-1799 is intended primarily for historians and postgraduate students interested in Hungarian history and, more broadly, in early modern Europe. It may also appeal to readers interested in an innovative methodological approach demonstrating how microhistory can illuminate the major historical questions of late eighteenth-century Hungary-issues more commonly explored through macro-level historical scholarship.