歴史学 — 全 下位分類

Muslims, Jews, Christians and Pagans: Studies on Pre- and Early Islamic History brings together eleven studies published between 2009 and 2024, arranged in three sections: Pre-Islamic idols, Mu?ammad at Medina, and Jews and Christians in early Islam.

Based on a wide range of primary sources that are now more accessible than ever, the volume offers a rigorously critical and finely textured exploration of early Islamic history. Rather than relying on grand narratives, Lecker illuminates the subject through background details, genealogies, geographical information, and other fragmentary evidence, assembling a mosaic that at times draws us closer to the turbulent formative centuries of Islam.

This volume will appeal to readers interested in the history of Jews, Christians, and pagans in late antiquity and early Islam, the Arabian Peninsula on the eve of Islam and in its earliest period, and the political, social, and economic history of the early Islamic world.

The Routledge Handbook of the Archaeology of Classical Houses and Households offers a comprehensive guide to the archaeology of Graeco-Roman houses and households.

This handbook provides a chronologically expansive and geographically diverse survey of the material, both of housing itself, and of topics related to households as revealed through archaeological research. It covers a broad depth of time, spanning Early Iron Age Greece through to Late Antiquity. Geographical coverage embraces not just Greece and Italy but takes into account the wider Mediterranean basin. Presentations of housing from a range of sites place them into their historical and archaeological contexts and include not only well-known examples but also those from less conspicuous locations.

The Routledge Handbook of the Archaeology of Classical Houses and Households is for undergraduates to graduate students, professionals as well as researchers in Archaeology and Classics interested in the social life of the Greek and Roman world and beyond.

This book uses 50 years of modern archaeology to re-examine Henri Pirenne's canonical thesis, Mohammed, Charlemagne (1937/39). It advances a new paradigm using material evidence to reinterpret the established narrative of the post-Roman creation of Europe based upon written sources mostly written by ecclesiastical authors.

The book begins by setting out the historiographical argument and the archaeological and anthropological methods used to make sense of the material evidence. It then shows how a so-called temple society emerged in Late Antiquity and, through overweening concerns with the afterlife, set in motion not just the collapse of the Roman world but also led to the creation of new political forces in, first Ireland, then emergent Anglo-Saxon England. Pivoting on events in the later 7th century in England and Frisia, it traces the subsequent evolution of the temple society in Francia, and its fundamental importance to Charlemagne's cultural and economic revolution that, through many innovations, shaped Medieval Europe. Finally, the narrative examines the immediate aftermath of the end of the temple society in the 10th and 11th centuries. Emphasis is then placed on the role of external forces, the Vikings in north-west Europe and the Arabs in the Mediterranean, as instigators of economic changes that became baked into European town and country life after the turn of the millennium.

Ending with a compelling call for a revision of our contemporary European concerns in an increasingly nationalist era, this book is an essential read for students and scholars of medieval European history and medieval archaeology.

This volume revisits legal scholar Cheryl I. Harris' influential concept of 'whiteness as property,' which shows how racial identity has been transformed into a legally protected property interest throughout U.S. history. Building on Harris' groundbreaking analysis, this book traces how this logic has shaped legal orders, property relations, and everyday life from colonial origins to the present day. Through eight compelling case studies, contributors reveal how whiteness operates within legal and political institutions, continually securing advantages for some while systematically denying them to others. The volume explores the racialization and criminalization of poverty, exploitation of Black labour, challenges to affirmative action, and dispossession of non-white communities through land and housing policies.

Timely and incisive, this collection illuminates how the past lives on in the present, offering a powerful lens for understanding widening inequalities, the current racial backlash, and the high stakes struggles that are redefining American democracy today. It is essential reading for scholars and students of American studies, critical race theory, legal history, and sociology. The chapters in this book were previously published as a special issue in Ethnic and Racial Studies.

Building upon growing research on the persecution and genocide perpetrated by the Nazis and their collaborators against Europe's Roma and Sinti populations between 1940 and 1945, this edited volume reveals new findings relating to the genocide, its operation, and the reactions of Romani communities.

The case studies span a wide range of Western, Central and Eastern European countries, covering the period in which the genocide of Roma and Sinti took place, the memory of the genocide and its representation since then. The authors uncover and examine new sources that provide previously undocumented details of the unfolding of genocide and responses to it, notably in the context of Poland and France. They also highlight individual stories in other areas such as Czechoslovakia that are illustrative of the broader context of persecution of Roma. With original analysis of Romani memoirs and testimonies, the volume represents a sustained reflection on the importance of including Romani voices when documenting the history of the genocide.

This book will be of interest to undergraduates, postgraduates and specialist researchers working in Romani studies, Holocaust and genocide studies, the Nazi era, memory studies, museum studies and oral history.

This book explores how a near-certain union victory in a 1926 eleven-week cloakmakers' strike that would have delivered control of one of America's largest unions to the Workers' (Communist) Party instead ended in catastrophic defeat due to the collision of union, party, and industry pressures.

Drawing on union records, party documents, and firsthand accounts largely unused in prior scholarship, the book moves beyond the ideological assumptions that have long shaped these accounts to offer the first sustained institutional analysis of the event which devastated the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) and destroyed the Communists' best chance to dominate American labor. It explores the chronic disorder of the garment industry's jobber-contractor system, the fragmented authority of the ILGWU, factional warfare and Comintern subordination within the Workers' Party, and the impossible position of union leaders caught between irreconcilable obligations.

The book will appeal to historians, sociologists, and political scientists interested in American Communism, American labor, immigration, radicalism, Jewish-American life, organizational failure, and institutional authority.

Women's independent travel and the negotiation of risk and respectability

Women Traveling by Themselves in Nineteenth-Century America is a critical anthology of travel writing by women who journeyed without male escort. The collection brings together diaries, rare publications, and selections from canonical writers such as Harriet Martineau, Margaret Fuller, and Isabella Bird, alongside lesser known figures, including Rachael Morgan Ball, whose diary is published here for the first time.

By framing selections with substantive editorial introductions, David J. Langum Sr. situates these texts within broader debates about gender, mobility, and independence. Rather than focusing solely on literary expression, the anthology foregrounds the material and social dimensions of travel, revealing the perils and possibilities women encountered on the road.

These accounts challenge assumptions that independent female travel was exceptionally dangerous while illuminating women's agency during a period of dynamic social and technological change. This anthology is ideal for courses in women's history and life writing, transportation history, and mobility studies.

From the 1940s to the 1970s, homosexual men in Italy began to express themselves authentically after years of silence under Fascist repression. In Scandalous Practices, Alessio Ponzio deftly recounts the socio-cultural shifts that occurred for queer Italians during this period.

In tabloids and other publications, journalists sensationalized same-sex male prostitution, dramatized scandalous homosexual murders, and portrayed homosexuality as devious, dangerous, and threatening to the "new" post-war masculinity. Homosexual Italians responded to this public shaming and these negative stereotypes through resistance. As part of an ongoing struggle for gender and sexual equality, they established networks and created public discussions that engendered pride, rights awareness, and a political commitment to emancipation.

Ponzio meticulously details how Italy as a nation and culture dealt with emerging representation of queer sexuality through a reinvention that fomented self-understanding and self-representations. Instead of marginalizing it, the popular media unintentionally made homosexuality understandable to many who did not know what it was or could not make sense of their own desires. Scandalous Practices illustrates how this new sexual knowledge spread publicly across social classes and fostered the development of positive queer identities and communities.

In the series Sexuality Studies

Frances Power Cobbe: Great Women Thinkers offers a clear and comprehensive introduction to the moral philosophy, intellectual context, and enduring influence of Frances Power Cobbe (1822-1904).

Drawing on Cobbe's books, pamphlets, and correspondence, the volume examines her theistic, Kantian-inspired ethics and her role as a public moralist shaping debates on women's rights, domestic abuse, and animal welfare. It situates her among contemporaries such as John Stuart Mill and Charles Darwin, and traces how her philosophical arguments informed activism, legislative reform, and the anti-vivisection movement.

Key themes include:
* Kantian-inspired feminism
* Theories of cruelty and "heteropathy"
* Vivisection as "torture" and the emergence of animal rights
* Strategies of philosophical and activist persuasion

This book is ideal for undergraduate and postgraduate students in Philosophy, Gender Studies, Animal Studies, Religious Studies, and related fields, and will also appeal to readers interested in early feminist and animal protection movements.

When on May 12, 1848, Sam Brannan walked down San Francisco's Market Street, holding high a bottle of gold dust and shouting, "Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!" he initiated the great California Gold Rush. As prospectors flooded into California, they also caused a surge in crime. In Crimewave author Matt Bernstein presents twenty-four of the most audacious and chaotic incidents in the Far West, bringing to light stories from frontier California that have too long remained hidden.

Benjamin Franklin Washington, great-grandnephew of George Washington himself, fought in the Sacramento Riot of 1850 and participated in a duel against a rival newspaper editor in San Francisco. Lucius Fairchild, who would become a Civil War hero, witnessed the rise of a vigilance committee in San Andreas and its deadly aftermath. Charles Cora, a New Orleans gambler, helped spark the largest vigilance committee in American history when he gunned down a US marshal on a crowded San Francisco street. The gold in the streams and mountains attracted prospectors, but criminals found other ways to enrich themselves. Through crooked games of chance, highway robbery, outright assassination, and schemes so devious they almost defy the imagination, the men and women that rushed to California brought the best and worst elements to a land already inhabited by wolves, mountain lions, and grizzly bears.

The result was a cultural phenomenon, the Wild West in California, a story rich with bloodshed, betrayal, and naked ambition. As the Gold Rush gave way to the Civil War, the silver seventies, and the close of the frontier, the violence only increased. Every day proved a gamble. But that didn't stop men from taking outrageous chances, for the promise of riches often outweighed the risk, so long as one was quick on the draw.

From 1802 to 1813, Nemesio Salcedo served as commandant general of the Spanish Internal Provinces, making him the preeminent military and civil authority over a roughly 1.5 million square mile region that stretched from the western bank of the Mississippi River to the eastern border of modern California and south to what is today north-central Mexico. As commandant general, Salcedo's duty was to keep the peace with indigenous peoples, promote economic and population growth, and maintain Spanish sovereignty over western North America during the most tumultuous time in the history of western North America.

Trouble began in 1803 when the Louisiana Purchase placed an ambitious and expansionist United States on the doorstep of the Internal Provinces. With inadequate resources Salcedo was forced to oppose what the Spanish regarded as illegal expeditions by the likes of Lewis and Clark and Zebulon Pike, led by American General James Wilkinson. Smugglers, escaped enslaved people, hostile Native American tribes, and even the subversive efforts of agents sent by Napoleon and former US Vice President Aaron Burr further destabilized the border and threatened Salcedo's rule.

Amid crises, Salcedo pursued progressive initiatives that placed him among the most forward-thinking people of his day. He initiated a smallpox inoculation program that saved incalculable lives, established the first school for girls in western North America, and sponsored scientific expeditions meant to map, measure, and better understand the lands and peoples under Spanish claim.

On a level with Thomas Jefferson, Miguel Hidalgo, and Napoleon Bonaparte, Nemesio Salcedo reshaped the geopolitics of the American west in the early nineteenth century. The Gatekeeper: Nemesio Salcedo and the North American West introduces readers to an important, yet heretofore less recognized leader during a period of profound change.