文化・社会人類学 — 全 下位分類

Presenting a study of the Galli priests of the Roman cult of Cybele, the Great Mother goddess, this book examines the archaeological evidence to give a clearer picture of the priesthood. The Galli were priests renowned in Antiquity for their crossdressing, mendicant, ecstatic behaviour and their infamous act of self-castration. However, most of our understanding of the Galli comes from an incomplete, fragmentary and scathing literary record. This book aims to rectify this imbalance by re-assessing them in light of the material evidence, and by comparing them with subsequent cultural groups.

Through the use of three comparative case studies from Polynesia, India and North America, this book analyses the ancient social group with these three modern 'gender variant' counterparts to highlight the 'othered' identity and experience of the Galli. The study reveals shared similarities regarding gendered 'other' attire, religious associations and sexual relationships. This approach offers a remarkable insight into the Galli cult, and poses questions on how similar human social groups operate, irrespective of time and place.

Zion's Last Frontier is a historical ethnography that documents the uniquely Latter-Day Saints (Mormon) ranching community around Capitol Reef National Park in south-central Utah over the last 150 years.

From the arrival of the first LDS pioneers in the 1870s to fifth- and sixth-generation descendants of those pioneers today, anthropologist Thomas E. Sheridan documents their ongoing struggles with the federal and state agencies that control 96 percent of the land they ranch. Changing policies and management philosophies profoundly impact the ranchers' livelihoods and ways of life. Sheridan explains how the ranchers qualify as "Traditionally Associated People," allowing them access to park lands where some ranchers still drive their cattle on horseback along the few canyons that cut through the Waterpocket Fold as they move their herds from their traditional summer grazing lands to their winter grazing lands.

Pushing beyond binary arguments, Sheridan offers an empathetic look at the lived experiences of rural communities often mischaracterized in debates over public lands and environmentalism. Tensions have been aggravated by a massive increase in the number of tourists that swarm the area in the warmer months and a steady increase in the number of seasonal residents who build second homes there.

Zion's Last Frontier provides an in-depth look at the clash of cultures between the agrarian Old West and the New West of tourism and second-homers that is playing itself out across so many parts of the rural West today.

Who can and should conduct ethnographic research? How can we transform an idea into a research question, and how can that question, in turn, be developed into a research design that produces comprehensible data?

Designing and Conducting Ethnographic Research, Third Edition, is a comprehensive introduction to ethnographic methods. It opens by defining ethnography and considering ethical challenges in the field before exploring major theories and ways of thinking in ethnographic research. The book then offers a general overview of qualitative and quantitative research, including the many different approaches to designing studies, and dives into developing a good research question. A discussion of data collection and analysis are then followed by an exploration of how ethnography is used to solve critical social, health, education, and cultural issues as well as emerging trends in ethnography.

Designing and Conducting Ethnographic Research is the first book in The Ethnographer's Toolkit, a series of texts on how to plan, design, carry out, and use the results of applied ethnographic research.

New to This Edition:
--A new discussion of the decolonization of research and changes in researcher stance sheds light on alternative ethnographic interventions and raises questions of what ethnography could and should be
--New Chapter 10, "Emerging Trends in Ethnography," covers burgeoning uses of artificial intelligence and other digital technologies as well as Indigenous and art-based research approaches and methods
--A new discussion of what research questions are, how they are formulated at different levels, and how they guide data collection enables beginner researchers to create stronger studies
--An exploration of new ethical challenges in the field, including in digital and online research, offers early ethnographers the knowledge and tools to address new and emerging ethical concerns

The Early Years of Old Main, 1885-1915 details the archaeological discoveries revealed during the 2012-14 renovation of Old Main, which, due to its age and historic records, is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Thanks to detailed excavation work by a team of archaeologists, this work documents eight historic features of the building, ranging from equipment pads to drainage systems. Drawing on archaeological monitoring, artifact analysis, archival records, architectural drawings, and historic photographs, the narrative reconstructs how Old Main functioned during the university's first decades and how its physical spaces supported early scientific instruction in mining, metallurgy, and agriculture.

More than a technical report, this volume offers a tangible glimpse into the material foundations of higher education in territorial and early statehood Arizona. Madsen's careful documentation preserves knowledge of features that could not be saved during renovation and places them in the broader context of Old Main's architectural evolution and its central role on campus. The result is an important resource for historians, archaeologists, preservationists, and anyone who values the University of Arizona's heritage-demonstrating that even the most familiar buildings can still hold untold stories beneath their floors and landscapes.

This book explores the profound impact of spiritual activism within the Chicana feminist movement in Texas. It illuminates how a cohort of Texas Chicanas embraced spiritual activism in pursuit of social change during the movement and into the present day.

The book draws on an array of qualitative methodologies-including interviews, autoethnography, testimonio, platicas, and archival analysis-to develop what the author formulates as "methodologies of the spirit." Focusing on the lived experiences, histories, and spiritual activism of sixteen Chicanas/Tejanas, Sendejo shows how these trailblazing women confronted the enduring impacts and repercussions of colonial legacies in Texas through their involvement in movement initiatives such as electoral politics through Mujeres Por La Raza, the cultural arts movement, developing Chicana feminist thought, and the establishment of bilingual education and Chicana/o studies programs.

The activists highlighted in the book include well-known figures such as Santa Barraza, Norma E. Cantu, Rosie Castro, Martha P. Cotera, and others. Through their work, these activists emerged as architects of their own healing and transformation. Simultaneously, they opened avenues for others to embark on similar journeys reshaping religious practices and unearthing and disseminating spiritual, feminist, and ancestral knowledges.

Discover exciting new research illuminating the most mysterious centuries of British history.

How Roman Britain ended is one of the most controversial questions in British history. Unique among former Roman citizens in Western Europe, the Britons established long-lived kingdoms, resisting 'barbarian' political takeover for centuries. Yet so little is known of them from written records that even the names of most of their kings are effectively lost to history.

Packed with the latest discoveries and ground-breaking research, Professor Ken Dark brings the fascinating, but mysterious, world of these rulers and their kingdoms to life. Archaeological evidence, along with re-analysis of the few existing texts, reveals an unexpectedly sophisticated society, connected to a wider international network of trade and cultural contacts than might until recently have seemed imaginable. Ken Dark demonstrates through the latest archaeological discoveries that Tintagel - an eroded coastal stronghold in Cornwall, closely associated with the later legend of King Arthur - was a royal fortress and trading centre of one of the most important British kingdoms of this period.

This is a historical period filled with memorable characters and stories: from the outraged churchman Gildas, attempting to reform the corrupt rulers he thought threatened civilized life itself, to St. Patrick, who played a major part in converting Ireland to Christianity, to no less than King Arthur - whose historical existence Dark shows to be much more likely than usually supposed.

Discover the social, economic, demographic, and public health impacts that child marriage has within the cultures and countries that practice it.

Around the globe, one in five girls under age 18 are married, and this number can double in areas affected by poverty, conflict, and other humanitarian crises. Child marriage, especially when accompanied by early and frequent pregnancy, often has sharply negative effects on female health, fertility, and mortality. In a wider context, child marriage influences population dynamics, economic development, and many other aspects of the cultures in which it is practiced.

Part I of this book features a collection of essays examining the drivers and consequences of modern-day child marriage. Part II profiles 30 cultures that engage in child marriage around the globe, including in countries across Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. These case studies allow readers to uncover the similarities and differences in patterns of child marriage across cultures and geographies, providing a more nuanced understanding of this complex and controversial subject.

Exposes the racial hierarchies in how human eggs are marketed and sold

Conceiving Asian Babies offers a compelling and timely exploration of race, identity, reproduction, and capitalism within the industry of human egg donation. Far from being a purely medical or personal matter, egg donation serves as a powerful lens for understanding how race-based hierarchies and racial capitalism operate within one of our most intimate life processes: creating a family.

Daisy Deomampo examines how racial capitalism fundamentally shapes the market for human eggs. By focusing on the ways the egg donation industry constructs race and identity, Deomampo shows how the demand for "Asian eggs" as a commodity reinforces biogenetic understandings of race. By exploring the overt and subtle ways the egg donor market reifies racial identities, the book illuminates the profound and often troubling links between racial capitalism and reproductive projects.

Centering the experiences of women enmeshed in the industry, the book displays how the egg donation industry reinforces racial hierarchies and shapes notions of family and identity for Asian American communities. Offering a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of how race becomes a source of capital, benefit, and risk in the global reproductive market, Conceiving Asian Babies illustrates the links between reproductive practices and capitalist motivations.

Self and Assemblage in Autoethnography offers a bold methodological provocation within qualitative research methods, advancing current debates in autoethnography by troubling the 'auto' and arguing that the field must confront the sovereign, Enlightenment-derived self that it has inherited. Drawing on assemblage theory, feminist new materialism, and critical tourism geographies, the book proposes deep entanglements with place, memory, and materiality.
Set in the landscapes of Australia and Scotland, and grounded in solo hiking and wild camping, the book also contributes to cultural and tourism geographies by examining how settler narratives, contested land, and the politics of memory shape who gets to go outside, and how. Blending narrative, theory, and critique, it explores what it means to walk, remember, and write from within complex social and ecological assemblages, and what this all means for the practice and politics of autoethnographic research and writing.

Durational Images: Time and Images after the European Ice Age explores images from the Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age of Atlantic and Northern Europe to reconsider their ontological attributes as tools for navigating time.

The book argues that durational images from the Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age mark an important shift from the prevailing Palaeolithic tradition of representational image making. Drawing on the philosophy of Henri Bergson, Gilles Deleuze and Karen Barad, amongst others, the book argues that images from this period must be regarded in a new way as modes of engagement instead of solely as modes of communication. Images are regarded then as multiplicities, that exist both temporally and spatially. Considering the dynamic and durational character of images from this period, enables us to understand that images may not only be representational, but also used as devices for navigating and producing time in differing ways. While archaeological evidence is often used as a means to situate an origin point for contemporary ways of seeing, this book instead diffracts contemporary ways of seeing derived from digital imaging techniques with images from the Mesolithic to Bronze Age. This opens up a dynamic relational dialogue between the disciplines of archaeology, anthropology, art history, art practice and media.

The central thesis of the book is that the dialogue between images from the Mesolithic to Bronze Age and contemporary image making practices provides the chance to explore the multiple ways in which images produce differing temporalities and engagements with the world. It allows us not only to rethink the character of images from the European Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age but to reconsider our own contemporary engagements with images. The book is well-illustrated with images to support the theoretical arguments as well as case study chapters focused on portable artefacts from the British and Irish Neolithic, the image making traditions of northern and southern Scandinavia, the long history of image making in the Coa valley, Portugal and the reworking of images at the megalithic passage tomb of Knowth, Ireland.

Durational Images. Time and Images after the European Ice Age is for students and researchers in archaeology, art history, art practice and anthropology. It offers both a critical commentary on the study of images from the Mesolithic to Bronze Age for archaeologists as well as a trans-disciplinary discussion of the character of images.

Catching Air documents the lives of diver fishermen navigating changing marine environments and shifting conservation policies in the Dominican Republic. As nearshore ecologies decline and conservation policies are enacted to protect them, commercial divers follow fish into deeper water, risking decompression sickness, injury, and death. An incisive case study of a community on the front lines of the climate crisis, this book explores the unintended impacts of environmental regulations that, while meaning to protect vulnerable ecologies, often magnify experiences of bodily risk and dispossession among those who are most vulnerable to environmental change.

How has the concept of race shaped anthropology across continents and centuries?

This book brings together marginalized voices to offer a decolonial perspective, revealing the entwined histories of race, power and knowledge from the late 19th century to the present. Covering South America, India, northern and southern Europe, East Africa and Asia, chapters examine race in museums, media, nationalist and imperialist ideologies and anthropological practices. The authors trace the legacies of coloniality and open pathways for contemporary research.

This is a thought-provoking guide for anyone seeking to rethink anthropology, race and global power structures.

Interpreting the Indigenous South reframes public history as a space of Indigenous authority and self-representation, where communities define how their histories are told, their knowledge preserved, and their relationships to place understood.

In the American South, where Indigenous histories have long been obscured by narratives of disappearance, Native nations are not only present but are actively reclaiming how their stories are told. Drawing on vivid examples from across the region, this book shows how tribal nations have transformed museums, archives, landscapes, and public platforms into instruments of cultural survival and continuity. The book reveals how Indigenous communities are using public history as a living practice to sustain their identities and project their futures. From environmental stewardship and commemorative journeys to digital storytelling and intergenerational teaching, what outsiders may dismiss as performance or tourism emerges as a strategic practice.

By exploring different methodological approaches and providing multiple examples of how tribal communities are involved in the co-production of knowledge and historical interventions, this book will appeal to students and scholars of Native American studies and history, as well as public history practitioners.

In this exquisitely crafted ethnography, Charline Kopf examines how and why railway workers in Senegal and Mali care for a suspended railway. Trains rarely run, yet men continue to attend to the everyday practices that keep the railway alive as a social and political space: they sweep floors, repair wagons, and gather to await the arrival of a new train that might never come. The railway has become an afterplace-a worksite in a post-labor context where infrastructure, no longer fully functional, still organizes memory, politics, and collective life. Generations meet here with different temporal horizons: older workers recall futures once promised through stable employment and national ambition, while younger, precariously employed men confront futures never secured. These tensions raise urgent questions about what remains when work recedes along with the possibilities it once carried. Tracing connections and fractures across Senegal and Mali, the book offers a new lens on the afterlives of transnational infrastructure in Africa and beyond.

Looking beyond current sanitation models in the US to develop new ways of managing human waste as a resource.

What happens when you flush the toilet? Where does the waste go?

In this engagingly written ethnographic study, Nick Kawa follows the trail of human bodily excrement as it travels through multiple sites in the American Midwest. In addition to documenting the treatment and transformation of sanitation waste, this book chronicles the growing movement to promote sewage sludge, or "biosolids," for fertilizing industrial farm fields, urban gardens, city parks, and ecological restoration sites-a complex endeavor that has fueled debates about potential harms to human and environmental health.

After the Flush presents the modern sanitation system through the eyes of insider experts, sharing insights from wastewater treatment operators and environmental scientists but also activists who advocate for alternative models to the industrial system. These include low-cost forms of ecological sanitation, illustrated through the author's own experiments with a compost toilet. Reframing human bodily waste as simply part of the human biome, this book offers radical possibilities for managing the human relationship to self, body, community, and ecology.

This book provides a comprehensive, up-to-date examination of ceramic materials from ancient and pre-industrial Cyprus, integrating scientific approaches and research advances across disciplines such as archaeology, materials science, art history, and ethnography.

While existing research has often concentrated on individual wares, styles, sites, or periods, this volume brings together a wide range of case studies that showcase the richness and diversity of Cypriot ceramic traditions, highlighting how localised investigations can inform broader discussion of technological practice, social meaning, and cultural interactions across time and space. Employing interdisciplinary and diachronic perspectives, it traces transformations in ceramic traditions of the island, from their earliest developments to their persistence into the modern era. It highlights not only shifts in production techniques and technological practices, but also the wider social meanings attached to pottery as an everyday medium and as a marker of identity, exchange, and interaction. The contributions combine synthetic overviews with detailed case studies that demonstrate innovative methodological frameworks and cutting-edge analytical techniques, while also engaging with broader interpretative and theoretical paradigms. Organised into four thematic sections - Theoretical and Methodological Advances; Bronze Age to Geometric Periods; Archaic to Roman Periods; Late Antiquity to Modern Periods - the book covers an exceptional chronological span. Topics explored include craft specialisation and technological innovations, resource exploitation and manufacturing processes, production strategies and consumption patterns, as well as the role of ceramics in connectivity networks, long-distance trade, and socio-cultural interactions both within and beyond Cyprus.

Addressing current challenges and limitations in Cypriot ceramic studies and proposing new avenues for future research, this book offers a multidisciplinary, comprehensive, and diachronic synthesis of the latest scholarship on Cypriot ceramics within its broader cultural context and is therefore a crucial resource for scholars and students alike

This book traces the transformations and developments in South Italy in the period from the late fifth century to the establishment of Roman political control in this area, the 'long' fourth century BCE. Tracing the Transformation of South Italy primarily focuses on dynamics within and among Italic communities in South Italy, but it also addresses transformations induced by entanglements with 'Greek'/Italiote cities, connections with the wider Mediterranean world and encounters with the emerging power of Rome. The contributions present a new and multi-faceted picture for understanding the rapidly changing regional landscape at the threshold of "pre-Roman" and "early Roman" south Italy. This volume builds a new narrative of fourth-century south Italy based on the full breadth of archaeological evidence, rather than on later literary voices. It does so by combining research on various regions and by cutting across the compartmentalisation in the archaeology of south Italy, often based on regional studies or notions of past ethnic grouping. Paying attention to the dynamics between the regional and local, it also utilises different arrays of archaeological evidence that are often analysed in separation to provide a holistic picture that liberates the vision of the long fourth century from the dominance of the literary tradition. Offering a rounded picture of South Italy in this transformative period, based on a wide variety of evidence, this book is for researchers in Classical archaeology as well as historians with an interest in landscape and settlement studies, social formation, craft developments, iconography and cult of the period.

This volume engages with disability heritage as a participatory, political, relational, and unfinished practice, linking the preservation of the past to lived experience in the present as well as imagined futures. Contributors examine how disability reshapes what counts as heritage, who it is for, and how it is made, and demonstrate ways to transform institutional as well as community-based approaches.

Contributors from Ireland, Germany, Australia, the UK, Sweden, Japan, Poland, Romania, Belgium, Italy, and The Netherlands apply concepts from critical disability studies and disability history to explore participatory, activist, and decolonial practices that challenge ableist structures. Written in an accessible way and drawing on case studies from performance, museums, (digital) archives, landscapes, and architecture, chapters demonstrate how disability is embedded in histories yet rarely acknowledged as a constituting force within them. Positioning disability as integral to heritage-making, the authors show how disability actively shapes archival research, heritage practices, and what can be remembered. Topics include integrating disability perspectives in heritage education, redesigning recruitment and career trajectories, the challenges and benefits of working both within and outside of established institutions, strategies for reinterpreting objects including embodied and sensory methods, and collecting intangible heritage.

The book is aimed at scholars and students in heritage, museum, archival, disability, cultural and historical studies, as well as practitioners, policymakers, and activists. It offers conceptual tools and grounded examples for engaging disability heritage not as a bounded and stable field or object, but as a relational practice that demands attentiveness to friction and difference.

Based on long-term ethnographic engagement with Alutiiq/Sugpiaq communities in Southwest Alaska, this book explores the interrelationship of cultural heritage, (de)colonialism, environmentalism, political agency, and the representation of Indigenous identity in museums.

Drawing on anthropological and social theory, Mason shows how Alutiiq/Sugpiaq identity and heritage have been collaboratively shaped across community, institutional, and corporate settings as a means of negotiating relations between Indigenous traditions and the conditions of late industrial life. In doing so, the book demonstrates that cultural heritage operates as a vital domain of political expression and collective action through which Kodiak Islanders sustain autonomy, articulate values, and advance their own visions of modernity.

This work will be of interest to academics and researchers with interests in Arctic communities, Arctic politics, cultural heritage, and Indigenous identity.

This volume reorients visual anthropology beyond its historically Western vantage point through a collaborative, cross-cultural editorship. With contributions from anthropologists with cultural connections to the Indian subcontinent, it presents contemporary ethnographic practice as it unfolds across both analogue and digital media. It examines representation across multiple forms - from film and photography to social media ethnography, immersive virtual and augmented realities, and the emerging horizons of artificial intelligence.

Visual anthropology itself emerged from the intellectual ferment of the late 1960s, shaped by debates across literature, visual arts, sociology, psychology, and philosophy, alongside the political reckoning of the post-colonial moment. For students of social and cultural anthropology, its catalytic technologies were the hand-held camera and synchronised sound - tools that allowed ethnography to move, speak, and circulate beyond the written text. Yet the field has always extended beyond cinema. Visual and digital anthropology encompasses photography, art, ritual performance, and material culture, recognising that visual knowledge emerges through diverse representational practices. In the age of the Internet, social media, and mobile devices, images circulate globally and instantly, transforming how ethnographers document, interpret, and share social worlds.

The book will be valuable to students, researchers, and teachers of visual anthropology and sociology, as well as to visual ethnographers, documentary filmmakers, and scholars in museum studies. It will also serve as an important resource for practitioners working with artificial intelligence, curators, filmmakers, and general readers interested in photography, video creation, and the expanding visual worlds of the twenty-first century.

This book presents a lecture on the history of ancient Chinese architecture, which was offered by Chinese archaeologist Bai SU for students of archaeology at Peking University. It first introduces readers to the site of the late Yangshao Culture ca. 5,000 years ago, the earliest ground architecture in China. Then, it discusses the representative architecture of each era, from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including its essential characteristics and characteristics of the times, and clarifies the development of Chinese architecture. Approaching ancient Chinese architecture from an innovative perspective and providing a research method for assessing the development of Chinese archaeology from an architectural standpoint, the book includes a wealth of photographs and hand-drawn drawings accumulated over SU's years of research, offering an invaluable resource for readers seeking to understand the characteristics of ancient Chinese architecture.

The commodification and marketing of nationalism in a populist-governed country

Most accounts of populist politics revolve around political parties, electoral politics, eroding democratic institutions, media, and political propaganda. In Marketing Radicalism, Virag Molnar examines instead populism as a cultural process-one that reshapes cultural identities and meanings of cultural citizenship. Looking at such domains as fashion, publishing, and tourism, Molnar shows how identity politics, culture wars, culture industries, consumer markets, and popular culture contribute to the rise of far-right populism. The marketing of nationalism creates powerful narratives that reimagine the nation as a populist fantasyland, and these narratives are used by far-right governments in their efforts to topple liberal norms.

Hungary under Viktor Orban has provided an ideological blueprint for far-right populist politicians-and a cautionary tale for liberal democracies. Using Hungary's commodification of nationalism as a case study, Molnar explores the ways that cultural producers relied on consumer markets to promote traditionalism through folk-revivalist fashion; weaponized the public shredding of a children's book to disenfranchise LGBTQ+ communities; used tourism to neighboring Transylvania to envision a "Greater Hungary" that spilled over national borders; and packaged a mythic Orientalism in the form of horseback archery. Molnar's account offers important lessons on the mainstreaming of right-wing popular culture, the importance of markets in circulating and amplifying far-right identity narratives, and the political mobilization of cultural traditions for geopolitical reorientation.