文化・社会人類学 — 全 下位分類

This volume presents a comprehensive overview of gender archaeology, both theory and practice, and contributes a substantial and definitive reference work by bringing together state-of-the-art research, theoretical overviews, and the latest debates in the field.

Responding to the shifts in the theoretical landscape and the societal and political frameworks within which we produce our knowledge, chapters create both a solid theoretical baseline which help readers grasp the significance of gender in archaeology as well as offer perspectives on how to engender produced knowledge about the past. In line with recent focus on the shortcomings of gender and archaeological representation, chapters also detangle academic discourse and popular representations in order to present novel ways of successfully negotiating the pitfalls of gendered ideas about past behaviours. By encouraging novel ways of integrating theoretical perspectives with scrutiny of gender stereotypes, original empirical examinations of identity markers and behaviours, and re-examinations of static representations of identities through new lenses, such as intersectional perspectives, personhood, and materiality debates, the volume is theoretically rich and will simultaneously provide a necessary benchmark for future archaeological discourses. Finally, it will incorporate perspectives from researchers with diverse backgrounds and viewpoints to provide a truly comprehensive overview. It will not shy away from engaging with politically contentious issues surrounding knowledge production but will include perspectives from researchers whose focus is less on feminist critiques and more on gender and identities. Thus, the volume bridges the two most prominent directions currently discernible within the focus area, namely, feminist re-examinations on the one hand and research focused more on bodily practice and gendered experiences on the other.

The Routledge Handbook of Gender Archaeology is an invaluable resource for students and researchers in gender archaeology as well as gender studies more widely.

Art Collecting and Gifts to Museums questions why private collectors donate their collection, or parts of it, to museums and examines what the implications of this gifting process might be.

Presenting case studies from Europe, North America, East Asia, and the South Pacific, this book is concerned with both elite and popular collections and examines the act of donating art from the collector's point of view. Demonstrating that art museums depend on donations from private collectors, Paul van der Grijp emphasizes that it is crucial to understand the psychological, sociological, economic, and educational motivations for gifting works of art to institutions. Taken together, the chapters argue that collectors donate to museums because the latter represent an imagined community, to whom those collectors would like to bestow a sacred gift. Private collectors are, Van der Grijp maintains, motivated to ensure the immortality of their collections and, ultimately, to preserve some memory of their own lives in the process.

Art Collecting and Gifts to Museums will be of interest to researchers and students engaged in the study of museums, culture, art, anthropology, history, and sociology.

Bordered by the Rocky Mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Pacific Northwest-including Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and British Columbia-is home to a diverse range of people and cultures whose history is closely tied to the natural environment. In this book, Douglas Wilson uses historical documents, Indigenous oral traditions, and the material record to provide a comprehensive overview of the region's historical archaeology from the seventeenth through the twenty-first centuries.

The book covers Lewis and Clark's Fort Clatsop; fur trade forts such as Fort Vancouver, Fort Langley, and Fort Nez Perces; Indigenous villages such as Middle Village and Yuquot; the Christian mission at Waiilatpu; the Oregon Trail; the settler town of Champoeg; and military locations including Fort Lane, San Juan Island, and Fork Hoskins. Wilson describes how extractive industries like fishing, mining, logging, and fur trapping transformed the environment and the human population. He also discusses transportation, urban development, racism, and government policies through the Great Depression and World War II.

Central to the story of the American experience in the Pacific Northwest is the heritage and history of local Indigenous peoples, as well as descendant communities of European, African, Asian, and Pacific Islands ancestry. Wilson shows how material artifacts and landscapes can be compared with the documentary record to critically examine colonial and nationalistic narratives, illuminating the past and present of Indigenous peoples and immigrant groups in the region.

A volume in the series the American Experience in Archaeological Perspective, edited by Michael S. Nassaney and Krysta Ryzewski

This book explores the diverse range of other-than-human persons that inhabited and affected the landscape of the ancient Americas. These case studies acknowledge what is often dismissed by Western scholars: that Indigenous communities have long recognized degrees of personhood in mountains, volcanoes, caves, springs, rivers, rocks, plants, archaeological sites, trees, and animals and that this worldview should be taken seriously in archaeological investigations, community relations, and interpretations.

In Archaeology in a Living Landscape, contributors examine the role of nonhuman agents in the ancient world, from land management and tenure to economics, politics, migration, pilgrimage, trade routes, conquest, ethics, and philosophy. Chapters describe Tlingit cosmology, lightning beings and magnetism in the Minnesota River Region, linguistic approaches to animacy in the United States Southeast, nonhuman persons in the ancient Maya economy, and Lacandon Maya ritual landscapes. They investigate the role of quarries in the building of Inka huacas (sacred spaces or objects), clay procurement and Andean apus (powerful mountains), Amazonian animism in polychrome ceramics, and the built and unbuilt landscape of the Mapuche. An epilogue by Dakota elder James Wa?bdi Ha?yetu Rock highlights how Western academic discourse often diverges from the viewpoints of Indigenous subjects.

The contributors to this volume use language accessible to readers of diverse backgrounds. They focus on the centrality of nonhuman persons in the lives of Indigenous communities, working to move away from Western biases to embrace and integrate Indigenous belief frameworks in their studies. Archaeology in a Living Landscape highlights the value of Indigenous knowledge systems not just as archaeological evidence but as a body of theory.

Contributors: Steve J. Langdon Lisa J. Lucero Alexei Vranich James Rock Eleanor Harrison-Buck Lucia R. Henderson Nicola Sharratt Patrick Ryan Williams Bill Sillar Brent K.S. Woodfill Jacob J. Sauer Margaret Spivey-Faulkner Sigrid Arnott Dianne Desrosiers Joshua Feinberg David Maki Carolyn Dean Alice Balsanelli Joel W. Palka A.C. Roosevelt Dennis Ogburn

The volume introduces a diverse range of themes and practices relating to sustainable heritage management. Each paper delves into the challenges, successes, and failures of preserving precious cultural heritage. It discusses various strategies, such as the early inclusion of archaeology in UNESCO frameworks to leveraging archaeological findings and indigenous knowledge for sustainable development goals. The chapters explore the evolution of autoarchaeology as a tool for empowering Indigenous communities to assert their human rights and integrating oral histories and local ecological knowledge to interpret ancient remains. Additionally, it highlights the value of archaeologists working more closely with Indigenous peoples, local communities, and other disciplines in identifying, preserving, conserving and managing heritage sites. It appeals to archaeologists, anthropologists, cultural geographers, cultural heritage professionals and others seeking new ways to protect cultural heritage.

This book discusses the meaning of smell from a socio-cultural perspective and brings important considerations of smell and olfaction beyond anatomy and physiology in an erudite, reader-friendly style. It addresses ideas about smell and odor in culturally diverse contexts; pays attention to the subtle ways in which smell is expressed; treats smell as part of memory, prejudice, rumor, and sexuality; offers insights into the role of smell in religion, literature, film art, intangible cultural heritage, and museum practices, with particular attention to the challenges posed by historical smells; describes the legal regulation of smell and the background to scent marketing that seeks to influence consumer buying habits, adding a unique and practical dimension to the content. In addition to philosophical and medical historical aspects, the book offers insights into the evolution, diagnosis and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the human sense of smell and illustrates how our environment and societal influences shape our sensory perceptions and thus our attitudes and interpretation of the olfactory world around us. From an anthropological perspective, the book looks at olfactory heritage, cultural traditions, and the symbolism of the nose in different societies. Overall, it offers a comprehensive and thought-provoking cultural examination of the sense of smell - a sense that is often underestimated - while broadening our understanding of the world of smell and its role in our lives.

"Ramsak's research provides valuable insights into the relationship between smell and culture, including its influence on identity, memory, social interactions, cultural practices, and beliefs. The book is a valuable resource for sensory anthropology, olfactory and intangible heritage."

Prof. Dr. Katja Hrobat Virloget, University of Primorska, The Faculty of Humanities, Department of Anthropology and Cultural Studies, Koper, Slovenia

"The remarkable depth and breadth of the subtle connection between smell and culture is testament to Ramsak's deep engagement with the subject and her exceptional understanding of the global patterns of cultural connotations associated with smell."

Prof. Dr. Sophie Elpers, The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meertens Institut, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

This volume examines many different public monuments to increase understanding of the cultural factors that have shaped their creation, maintenance, and-in some cases-removal. The role of monuments in communities and society continues to be an important and controversial topic, and the case studies in this volume contribute to this conversation by assessing the ways such markers can be empowering or marginalizing from a wide range of perspectives.

The monuments discussed here represent historical events from the Revolutionary War through the Korean War, including the "slave auction block" formerly located on the streets of Fredericksburg, Virginia; memorials to Confederate soldiers across the South and in northern POW cemeteries; and the Pullman National Monument in Chicago for workers who participated in the 1894 Pullman strike. This volume also highlights the dearth of statues memorializing the achievements of women and minorities, especially women of color, and contributors discuss whether recent movements advocating for more inclusive histories will lead to an increase in monuments honoring people whose narratives have been suppressed.

Looking at the powerful role of monuments in conveying the memory of history to future generations, the contributors to Monuments and Memory show why it is important to address the messages of these sites and ask whose histories they may be silencing. This book demonstrates how conversations surrounding preservation and interpretation of monuments encourage community involvement.

A volume in the series Cultural Heritage Studies, edited by Katherine Hayes

Contributors: Mark Cassello Richard F. Veit Mark Cianciosi Joshua Butchko Diane Wallman Suzanne Spencer-Wood Sherene Baugher Lu Ann De Cunzo John H. Jameson Jeffrey Smith Hilary Green Brant Venables Timo Ylimaunu Paul R. Mullins Kerri Barile Harold Mytum Melissa Ziobro M. Jay Stottman Levi Fox Matthew Litteral

Research on the Roman Empire has long focused on Rome's legendary leaders, culture, and conquest. But at the empire's peak, tens of millions of ordinary people coexisted in its territories-people who built the structures, wrote the literature, and transformed the landscapes we study today. In Roman Bioarchaeology, researchers use human skeletal remains recovered from throughout the Roman world to portray how individuals lived and died, spanning the empire's vast geography and 1,000 years of ancient history.

This volume brings together scholarship from archaeological sites in Europe, the Eastern Mediterranean, and Africa, featuring new and advanced scientific approaches including DNA studies, stable isotope analysis, paleoparasitology, paleopathology, biodistance, and more. Throughout, contributors prioritize the ethical treatment of the deceased by highlighting individual narratives and working with local descendants where possible. From rural homes in Britannia to bustling cities in Phoenicia, these essays showcase the diversity of Roman lives and illuminate the experiences of the most vulnerable in these societies. This book demonstrates how bioarchaeology can enrich our understanding of many facets of life in the Roman world.

Contributors: Piers Mitchell Mario Caric Efthymia Nikita Gabriele Scorrano Mahmoud Mardini Serena Viva Tracy Prowse Kathryn E. Marklein Mario Novak Olga Rickards Marissa Ledger Anna Osterholtz Pier Francesco Fabbri Leslie Quade Sammuel Sammut Fabio Macciardi Rebecca Pitt Elizabeth A. Bews Mary Lewis Rebecca Redfern Rebecca Gowland

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A volume in the series Bioarchaeological Interpretations of the Human Past: Local, Regional, and Global Perspectives, edited by Clark Spencer Larsen

This book offers fresh perspectives on the legacy of colonialism in the North-east frontiers of India, especially the Naga Hills. The book interrogates the presence of British administrators and anthropologists in the Naga Hills as part of a popular discourse on (post) colonialism. It weaves a coherent chronological sequence of events and the prevailing attitudes of administrators-cum-anthropologists to understand the whole process of colonial intervention in the Naga Hills. It examines the conventional notions of 'tribes' and 'identity' within the context of the Naga Hills. It explores the transformation of Naga Hills through the lens of colonialism, providing a critical perspective on identity and the intricate web of historical narratives. It is a must-read for scholars, anthropologists, historians, and all those intrigued by the multifaceted legacy of colonialism in the Naga Hills.

Decolonization has been a buzzword in anthropology for decades, but remains difficult to grasp and to achieve. This groundbreaking volume offers not only a critical examination of approaches to decolonization, but also fresh ways of thinking about the relationship between anthropology and colonialism, and how we might move beyond colonialism's troubling legacy.

Soumhya Venkatesan describes the work already underway, and the work still needed, to extend the horizons of the discipline. Drawing on scholarship from anthropology and cognate disciplines, as well as ethnographic and other case studies, she argues both that the practice of anthropology needs to be and do better, and that it is worth saving. She focuses not only on ways of decolonizing anthropology but also on the potential of 'a decolonizing anthropology'.

Rich with insights from a range of fields, Decolonizing Anthropology is an essential resource for students and scholars.

This book conducts a systematic research on the basic theoretical system of ethnogeography, area differentiation and spatial changes of ethnic community, national ecological outlook on human-land relations, geographical distribution of various nationalities in the world, and historical geographical background of regional ethnic composition. From the perspective of the development of the discipline, through comprehensive review of the basic materials, development process, and research status of ethnogeography, the book reveals the basic theoretical issues of the basic concepts, subject attributes, research objects, contents and methods of ethnogeography and initially sets up the basic framework for the study of ethnogeography.

Although Manila, capital city of the Philippines, played a critical role in economic and cultural exchanges between the East and the West during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, little is known about what life was like for its residents during this time. In this book, Ellen Hsieh uses archaeological, historical, and ethnographic resources to document the ways Manila was transformed by the arrival of Spanish colonists in 1571 and how the city in turn shaped the modern world.

Manila was uniquely positioned as a crossroads in the networks of Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Iberia, resulting in a hybridized culture where colonial Spanish, Indigenous Tagalog, and overseas Chinese groups exchanged goods and ideas. In The Archaeology of Early Colonial Manila, Hsieh analyzes material goods such as ceramics from Intramuros (the Spanish walled city) and Parian (the Chinese quarter) and illustrations from the Boxer Codex-a Spanish manuscript featuring images of people in the Philippines and surrounding areas-to illuminate the diversity of Manila society and to unravel the intricate power dynamics among these ethnic groups.

Bridging the gap in research between pre-Spanish and late colonial periods and amplifying the voices of non-elite, diasporic, and colonized communities often overlooked in historical documents, Hsieh provides an important focus on Manila's contributions to world history during a period of intense globalization.

This multidisciplinary volume examines the ongoing effects of James G. Frazer's The Golden Bough in modern Humanities and its wide-ranging influence across studies of ancient religions, literature, historiography, and reception studies.

The book begins by exploring the life and times of Frazer himself and the writing of The Golden Bough in its cultural milieu. It then goes on to cover a wide range of topics, including: ancient Near Eastern religion and culture; Minoan religion and in particular the origins of notions of Minoan matriarchy; Frazer's influence on the study of Graeco-Roman religion and magic; Frazer's influence on modern Pagan religions; and the effects of Frazer's works in modern culture and scholarship generally. Chapters examine how modern academia and beyond continues to be influenced by the otherwise discredited theories in The Golden Bough, ideas such as Sacred Marriage and the incessant Fertility of Everything. The book demonstrates how scholarship within the Humanities as well as practitioners of alternative religions and the common public remain under the thrall of Frazer over one hundred years since the publication of the abridged edition of The Golden Bough, and what we must do to shake off that influence.

A Century of James Frazer's The Golden Bough is of interest to scholars and students from a wide range of disciplines, including Ancient History, History of Religion, Comparative Religion, Classical Studies, Archaeology, Historiography, Anthropology, Folklore, and Reception Studies.

Chapter 18 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.