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The first comprehensive history of the Library of Congress

The Library of Congress is the research arm of Congress, home of the US Copyright Office, and a public forum for artistic and literary culture. It is generally considered the national library of the United States, and it has influenced cultural affairs worldwide in myriad ways since its founding more than two centuries ago. In The Library of Congress, Jane Aikin draws on a wealth of primary and secondary sources to weave a narrative of the individuals, events, and controversies that have shaped the history of this venerable institution.

Punctuated by stories about key donors and pivotal performances by poets, authors, and celebrities, this engaging and informative narrative sheds new light on the world's largest library and its global impact on knowledge and culture.

Completing a thesis is a crucial final stage in many bachelor's and master's programmes across Europe and beyond. However, the process of thesis writing, how it is experienced by the writers, and how those experiences impact on writing remain underexplored. This book examines the student experience of thesis writing through an interdisciplinary perspective drawing on theories of learning, emotions, and genre and narrative/discursive analysis. As a result of this approach, the thesis is reconceptualised as a multilayered experience from the point of view of student writers. The chapters, which arose out of a collaborative research project across 10 European countries, employ an innovative combination of methods including the use of journey plots to provide a complex picture of the thesis writing process, which will be of interest to readers involved in academic writing at all levels.

Analyzing a breadth of topics, including biodiversity, marine protected areas and maritime zones, the Encyclopedia reflects increased global attention on the polar regions, their resources, environment, and governance. Covering the Antarctic, Arctic and adjacent polar regions, entries identify landmark international legal frameworks, such as the 1959 Antarctic Treaty, and discuss the environmental implications of climate change. Leading specialists in the field address historic legal issues and controversies, and highlight recent developments and conflicts.

The Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Polar Law is an essential resource for students and scholars in environmental law, international law and what is now a distinctive polar law. Its breadth of invaluable insights will also greatly benefit international lawyers and polar officials.

Key Features:

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• Combines legal reviews of historical and contemporary issues
• Over 140 entries from renowned specialists in the field of polar law
• Provides clear and succinct introductions to both established and emerging subtopics in the field
• Covers the legal systems of prominent polar states, including Australia, Canada, Russia and the United States

Entries by leading specialists delve into the history of the animal law movement, the science exploring animal welfare and animal sentience, and ethics, law, and politics. They also examine the relationship between animals and artificial intelligence and discuss how human responsibility for animals manifests economically and socially, including through insurance and civil and criminal liability.

The Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Animal Law is a vital resource for students and scholars in animal studies, criminal law, and law and society, as well as lawyers and policymakers. The contributions are also invaluable to animal advocates and to lawyers working in a variety of contexts, including for government agencies and non-profit organisations.

Key Features:

• Includes 119 doctrinal entries covering a variety of practice and doctrinal areas
• Brings together over 135 experts from Africa, the Americas, Asia, Australia and Europe
• Provides comprehensive and timely coverage of laws governing and affecting animals across the globe

Angeliki Menegaki brings together an array of experts from across the Global North and South to address the fundamentals of energy supply and demand, as well as the intricacies of global energy markets, policy and sustainability. Recognising the dynamic nature of the field, authors illuminate current research trends including smarter and cleaner electricity consumption and the use of non-carbon-reliant energy sources.

Key Features:

• 127 entries summarise the latest research in the field
• Entries range from foundation concepts to advanced complex topics
• Insights and analyses from leading scholars and professionals
• Bibliometric, biographic, historical and practitioner accounts of behavioural energy economics

  
  
  The Elgar Encyclopedia of Energy Economics is a crucial resource for students and academics specialising in economics, environmental science and energy policy. Policymakers and energy industry professionals involved in energy, environmental and economic planning will also find this Encyclopedia useful.

Entries discuss the complexities and opportunities surrounding city and place branding, delving into topics ranging from artificial intelligence and immersive digital experiences to integrated marketing communication and the interplay of politics and culture. Emphasising the growing role of sustainability and responsible tourism, contributing authors underscore the potential of place branding in addressing ongoing social and environmental challenges.

Key Features:

• Over 100 entries written by leading scholars and practitioners
• Combines detailed theoretical discussions with case studies, field research and practical applications
• Expands the boundaries of the field beyond the traditional focus on cities, with entries examining the branding of clusters, destinations, islands and rural areas

This interdisciplinary Encyclopedia is a vital resource for students and scholars of marketing, tourism, human geography and planning. Its recommendations will also benefit policymakers and practitioners looking to deepen their understanding of city and place branding.

The Encyclopedia covers the New York Convention, the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration and the IBA Guidelines on conflicts of interest, party representation, and the taking of evidence. Entries also discuss alternative methods of dispute resolution, such as mediation, all stages of arbitration proceedings, including the various post-award stages, among many other fundamental matters of commercial arbitration.

Examining relevant case law from major arbitration hubs, this Encyclopedia is a valuable resource for students and scholars in arbitration and dispute resolution, commercial law, comparative law, and public international law. It is also an important reference for legal practitioners and professionals including arbitrators, attorneys, judges, and tribunal secretaries.

Key Features:

• Over 130 entries written by expert authors from across the globe
• Analyses the applicable law governing admissibility, arbitration agreements, proceedings, and merits
• Highlights the latest trends and developments in international commercial arbitration

Comprehensive and forward-looking, the Encyclopedia explores how diverse elements such as age, gender, creativity, and power shape processes of innovation in a range of local and global contexts. Entries are accessible and consistently structured, critically engaging with core concepts including business models and ecosystems, while also delving into new areas of impact investing, radical creativity, and 'dark innovation'.

Key Features:

• Combines detailed theoretical discussions with real-life case studies and practical applications
• Includes a list of further scholarly readings in each entry, featuring up-to-date references alongside essential classic works
• Provides insights into a wide variety of topics, methods, and perspectives that expand the concept and practice of innovation management
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  Interdisciplinary in scope, the Encyclopedia is a vital reference work for students, researchers and educators in innovation management, knowledge management, organizational innovation, and business. Its focus on collaboration, responsible innovation, and sustainability issues will also benefit practitioners looking to enhance their organization's innovation processes.

Bringing together a diverse array of leading and emerging scholars and practitioners from across six continents, this Encyclopedia examines a broad range of topics and perspectives, such as diasporas, border control, racism and the human rights of migrants. Each entry offers a clear and concise summary of existing and contemporary knowledge, identifies important gaps in the field and outlines new directions for cutting-edge research. Carefully curated, this Encyclopedia scrutinizes well-known terms of art, including naturalization, non-refoulement, remittances and resettlement as well as addressing intersecting topics, like civil society, climate change, migration governance and digital technology.

Students, scholars and researchers interested in migration and asylum will greatly benefit from this Concise Encyclopedia. It is also a vital reference for practitioners and policy makers.

Key Features:

• A pioneering Encyclopedia highlighting key topics of the field and recent developments
• Over 100 entries written by leading scholars and practitioners from the six continents
• Comprehensive coverage of the critical notions and terms of art associated with migration and asylum
• Broad variety of themes and perspectives

This book offers a comprehensive and practical exploration of research ethics in various social science disciplines. It goes beyond theory to provide practical guidance for researchers by offering concrete strategies, case studies, and examples to navigate ethical challenges in their research contexts. It equips readers with actionable insights and tools for ethical decision-making, enhancing its value as a practical resource. The chapters share the expertise of distinguished scholars worldwide, offering a nuanced understanding of diverse research contexts. This interdisciplinary lens makes the book relevant and applicable to a broader readership. The chapters include recent developments, emerging ethical issues, and relevant changes in guidelines and regulations. It engages readers through an accessible writing style that presents complex ethical concepts and frameworks clearly and understandably. The insights and strategies foster a deeper appreciation for ethical research practices and a nuanced understanding of the ethical obligations inherent in social science research. It caters to academic audiences and researchers who may be new to the subject, making it more approachable and appealing to a broader readership. It is an indispensable resource for researchers, educators, and practitioners seeking to fortify their understanding of ethical responsibilities and best practices within social science research.

This textbook provides an up-to-date treatment of the two-tier stochastic frontier model and its applications across the social sciences. It is a cohesive treatise on both the classical methods of estimation and inference and various machinations of the two-tier stochastic frontier model, as well as more recently developed tools that can shed new insight into why these opposing latent forces which affect economic, sociopolitical, and even psychological outcomes, exist, and to what extent. The text is intended to be a self-contained reference for practitioners to rely on when using these methods in their research, regardless of field. It includes sixteen empirical applications on diverse topics (labor market, housing market, consumer goods, production economics, sociology, international relations, psychology, public education, healthcare management, environmental policy). The book is accompanied by a dedicated website where 2TSF software code in the R and gretl open-source platforms is provided.

Drawing on the multinational qualitative study 'Children's Understandings of Well-being' (CUWB), this unique edited collection offers practical insights into conducting fieldwork across diverse geographical, social and cultural contexts, using the same basic protocol.

The book explores the practical, ethical and philosophical challenges the researchers faced, and the ways in which these issues were dealt with by the different research teams. Contributors provide rare insights into the diverse institutional requirements and professional practices highlighting the way research methods are embedded in contexts that are at one and the same time both local and global.

With contributions from experts in child well-being research from Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, Germany, Romania, South Africa, Switzerland, Turkey, the UK and the US, the book provides valuable perspectives for researchers across a wide range of settings.

Available open access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence.

How can we nurture more liveable worlds in today's neoliberal academia and beyond?

This collection revisits the notion of reflexivity from a science and technology studies (STS) perspective, asking how researchers are affected by, and affect, the worlds they engage with. Using experimental formats that challenge academic convention, the volume acknowledges the 'dark sides' of reflexivity, while insisting that it is nonetheless worthwhile striving for it.

This volume is essential for anyone interested in creative, playful and always incomplete attempts to refresh reflexivity in research, and in developing more liveable worlds for ourselves and those our research engages with.

This guide offers a clear step-by-step approach for graduate students and early-career researchers, especially non-native English speakers, seeking to publish in international journals in the social sciences. It provides practical strategies for preparing, submitting, and refining research papers, helping researchers navigate the challenges of academic publishing. With 21 chapters, the guide covers every stage of writing, revising, and submission, while addressing the unique obstacles faced by non-native English speakers. The guide helps researchers identify reputable journals, avoid predatory ones, and use digital tools to meet international standards. It then provides a structured roadmap that simplifies the publication process, covering steps like journal selection, writing compelling abstracts, and drafting the methods and results sections. By the end of the guide, it is expected that researchers will have a strong first draft or, ideally, a submission-ready manuscript. The guide also addresses language barriers, cultural differences, and unfamiliarity with international conventions. It offers practical solutions for improving English writing, utilizing digital tools, responding to peer reviews, and managing revisions effectively. It emphasizes ethical guidelines like avoiding plagiarism, properly crediting co-authors, and ensuring research transparency to help researchers meet global standards. Unlike other research guides, this one is specifically tailored to early career and non-native English researchers working in social science disciplines. It offers practical strategies and real-world examples to equip researchers-and teachers of research methods and academic writing-with a framework for achieving publishing success in global academia.

This book contains three Open Access chapters.

Reframing Qualitative Research Ethics explores contemporary challenges in qualitative research ethics and generates proposals for reforming ethics review based on researchers' experience on the ground to support innovative qualitative research in the future.

Following an introduction informed by the historical trajectory of research ethics, this volume explores some of the ethical concerns that researchers have encountered during fieldwork for their research, considers how both they and their ethics committees framed ethical issues, describes how these were managed, and reflects on what we can learn from their experiences. Granular case-studies with a focus on innovative methodologies are offered alongside reflections that go beyond the well-rehearsed binaries of oppositional debates about research ethics review. Researchers with extensive experience of research ethics review make some broader proposals for change. These include a proposal for discipline-based research ethics review, a call to broaden out ethical issues to encompass wider frameworks of research integrity, and an agenda for organisations to better support ethics and integrity in qualitative research.

A timely return to the nuances of researchers' experience on the ground featuring contributors who are uniquely well-placed to bridge the divide that is commonly seen between researchers and the views of research ethics committees, this is a pathbreaking resource for a new generation of qualitative researchers and members of the research ethics community.

This Encyclopedia provides a comprehensive map of the field of sexuality education. It offers an entry point for those interested in this topic, providing a robust summary of issues and directing them to its best scholarship. Comprehensive in scope, it covers diverse global locations to highlight the significance of context when defining sexuality education. The rapid development and increase in accessibility of digital technologies, which has broadened sexuality education to include digital and media platforms, is also reflected.

This volume shares some of the ways that librarians and library scholars are incorporating Critical Race Theory (CRT) into the field of library and information studies. CRT provides a theoretical and analytical lens through which librarians can challenge the ways race and racism harm shape library access, collections, discourses, and services, with the goal of instigating changes that lead to social justice.

Chapter authors represent different points of views related to CRT from their unique perspective as members of minoritized groups and contributions move beyond generalized language and tackle topics directly related to race in America and how these affect the work in libraries. The way in which libraries and other information professions perpetuate racism are explored, alongside racist practices, as well as ideas on how information professionals can move beyond these systems and create institutions that support their patrons and create environments in which all are welcomed.

Critical Race Theory in LIS fulfills a need for LIS literature to focus on race issues in the profession. The work is related to the larger umbrella of DEI work and will advance Social Justice issues in the profession but from a race perspective.

Reflections on Methodology offers a new and engaging means of teaching Honours students or those starting a PhD in Sociology about methodological issues. Instead of the usual survey approach, it shows the importance of debates about methodology, the value of an ethnographic approach and the challenges of applied research through a series of case studies.

The text offers insightful short essays on methodological issues such as critical theory, interpretivism, and mixed methods, alongside Travers' reflections on significant ethnographic projects in areas like court reform, comparative criminology, and immigration control. The book combines methodological discussions with autobiographical elements, making complex research topics accessible and grounded in real-world applications. The central theme and argument are that the thoughtful sociologist should seek to move from the outside to the inside of institutions and social groups and the transformative effect on understanding is illustrated through a number of ethnographic projects. This is also an "end-of-career" book: it employs an autobiographical, narrative approach in describing how Max Travers' intellectual interests developed, the importance of methodological debate, and the challenges of doing applied research. There are also chapters that review developments in teaching and research in universities over the last thirty years.

This book offers resources that give variety and encourage Honours students to think critically about research. Each 5,000 words chapter is self-contained with an abstract, provocative guide to further reading, exercise and questions.

Computational Literacy for the Humanities provides an introduction to mathematics and programming that is specifically designed for use by those engaged in the humanities. Linking mathematical concepts and computational skills, the chapters in this book explore humanistic questions from diverse fields, such as art, history and literature.

The book helps to advance computational and digital literacy by showing that each mathematical concept has a history, and each technique has a meaning. Rather than viewing mathematics and computer programming as purely instrumental, they are integrated into the process of achieving greater understanding of humanistic phenomena. Algorithms, data, statistics and networks are taught critically within the book, whilst the authors also make a concerted effort to expose the internal biases of these tools. They also demonstrate the applicability of quantification and computation for the promotion of diversification and inclusivity within the humanities. All exercises are designed as an opportunity to gain hands-on mathematical and computational experience, whilst critically exploring and interpreting humanistic phenomena.

Computational Literacy for the Humanities shows readers how to engage with data in a way that is challenging, yet meaningful and empowering. It will be of interest to scholars and students working across the humanities and should be of particular interest to those working in digital humanities.

Autoethnography Pedagogy and Practice supports and generates new insights into how autoethnography can be taught, supervised and practised by sharing the experiences and reflections of researchers from a wide range of fields and disciplines.

An international cast of leading researchers provide practical examples of how autoethnography can be successfully introduced into health and human sciences curricula, showcasing examples of the power of autoethnography within and beyond academia. By privileging contributors' experiences within their own field of study as students, teachers, supervisors and researchers, this book explores how autoethnography can be introduced, nurtured and sustained in challenging academic environments. Each chapter considers three interrelated areas: Disciplinary Contexts, which examines autoethnography's impact across different fields; Relationships, which considers how to successfully manage relational and care dynamics from undergraduate through professor levels; and Ethics, which addresses the many ethical considerations that can arise across a wide range of contexts.

Autoethnography Pedagogy and Practice is a book that encourages readers to engage in autoethnographic practice to create innovative, dialogical and collaborative texts that push the boundaries of polyvocality and diversity within their own disciplines. It will be of interest to researchers in Psychology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Allied Health, Nursing, Mental health, Sport and Exercise Science, Coaching, Sociology, Psychotherapy, Theatre Studies and Communication Studies.

Which scientific results can we trust? This question has been brought to the forefront of research in the social sciences in recent years with the movement towards open science practices and preregistration. Systematic replication studies of laboratory experiments in the social sciences have found that only about half of the "statistically significant" results published in top journals can be replicated in the sense that similar results are achieved with new data. This low replicability may be even lower in studies based on observational data as such studies have more degrees of freedom in the analysis of the data leading to larger possibilities to selectively report more publishable findings.

In this book, the authors provide a framework for evaluating reproducibility, replicability and generalizability of empirical research in the social sciences. They define different types of reproducibility and replicability and show how they can be measured to evaluate the credibility of published findings. Different approaches to improving the credibility of published findings, such as preregistration with detailed pre-analysis plans, Registered Report publications, and preregistered prospective meta-analysis are also outlined and discussed. Even if published results are not systematically biased, the variation in results across populations, research designs, and analyses decreases the reliability and generalizability of published findings. The book shows how such heterogeneity in results can be measured and incorporated in the analysis to more accurately represent the uncertainty and thereby generalizability of reported results.

Posthuman Adventuring immerses readers in a transdisciplinary methodology that merges images and sounds to inspire ongoing dialogue and provoke imaginative inquiry. Through a compilation of thought-provoking chapters, this book connects readers to original presentations by renowned posthuman thinkers and offers responses from various authors.

This collection showcases groundbreaking posthuman research conducted by scholars, artists, community-based practitioners, and doctoral students across diverse contexts, spanning from forced migration to intergenerational relationships, from plants to bears, and from collective writing to reimagining social structures. With its experimental practices and transformative encounters, this unique anthology encourages readers to embark on their own intellectual adventures and cultivate fresh concepts. Emphasizing the fluidity and emergence of ideas, this book features chapters written by individuals and collaborative groups, each opening new spaces of inquiry and experimentation. The range of topics covered is vast, drawing inspiration from unexpected sources such as crochet blankets, women's football, trauma within Canadian residential schools, sketchbooks, postverbal learning in dementia, and preschool outings in Johannesburg. This book invites readers to speculate, make connections, and invent their own concepts while showcasing the ongoing actualization of ideas.

Ideal for scholars of posthumanist thinking across the social sciences.

This book gives an overview of the key topics in quantitative methods. Written by an academic who has specialised in quantitative methods in Psychology across a range of sub disciplines, it highlights how crucial understanding quantitative methods is to understanding research in psychology and beyond.

First, it briefly considers the history of quantitative methods in psychology citing some key figures in both psychology and statistics. Following this it will describe how we apply models of scientific investigation to psychology to generate reliable knowledge. It will then go on to consider key models we use in quantitative research, from experimental designs to quasi-experimental and correlational designs. Next it introduces sampling theory, and its role in understanding who our findings apply to. The final theoretical consideration is a concise description of null hypothesis significance testing and how we can use it to make inferences about psychological phenomena. In the next part of the book there will be a focus on some core methods. Starting with a discussion of we sample participants before exploring statistics in detail. Next, the book looks at how robust quantitative research can impact other fields and policy through improving ecological validity and reliability. Finally, the book gets to grips with key challenges in the future of quantitative research with a discussion of the replication crisis and solutions to it and then exploring how we can improve inclusivity.

This book is an essential text for all students of quantitative methodology.

This volume provides an examination of the kind of free (or nearly free) libraries which were available to the general public in Scotland and Wales in the late nineteenth century, but which were not supported by local taxation. They were effectually substitutes for municipal public libraries in areas where that sort of library provision did not exist. They may have been funded by wealthy philanthropists or by well-wishers. Attention is paid too to libraries which were aimed at specific communities, such as workers in factories, mills, mines, railway works, and shops, as well as book provision for policemen, soldiers and sailors, hospital patients, nurses, workhouses, prisoners, and domestic servants (and hotel guests). The voluntary public libraries of England and Wales are dealt with in Volume 1.