社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

How mindfulness came to be regarded as a psychological support, an ethical practice and a component of public policy

Mindfulness seems to be everywhere-in popular culture, in therapeutic practice, even in policy discussions. How did mindfulness, an awareness training practice with roots in Buddhism, come to be viewed as a solution to problems that range from depression and anxiety to criminal recidivism? If mindfulness is the answer, asks Joanna Cook, what is the question? In Making a Mindful Nation, Cook uses the lens of mindfulness to show how cultivating a relationship with the mind is now central to the ways people envision mental health. Drawing on long-term fieldwork with patients, therapists, members of Parliament and political advocates in Britain, Cook explores how the logics of preventive mental healthcare are incorporated into people's relationships with themselves, therapeutic interventions, structures of governance and political campaigns.

Cook observed mindfulness courses for people suffering from recurrent depression and anxiety, postgraduate courses for mindfulness-based therapists, parliamentarians' mindfulness practice and political advocacy for mindfulness in public policy. She develops her theoretical argument through intimate and in-depth stories about people's lives and their efforts to navigate the world-whether these involve struggles with mental health or contributions to evolving political agendas. In doing so, Cook offers important insights into the social processes by which mental health is lived, the normative values that inform it and the practices of self-cultivation by which it is addressed.

The definition of "old" has evolved intensively over the years due to demographic changes, and the ageing population is one of the most frequently discussed issues in recent decades. The profile of the 21st century senior is completely different from the senior in the second half of the 21st-century senior is completely different from the senior in the second half of the 20th century, not to mention earlier periods in history. As an increasing group of benefactors of human activity, they create demand for products and experiences. The system of goods and services that aims to leverage their purchasing potential and satisfy their consumption needs, including living, health, tourism, cultural, information, and communication needs, has been referred to as the so-called Silver Economy. The book reviews the phenomenon of ageing of the EU's population over 50. It also presents a multidimensional view of the potential for the development of this group's economic, social, medical, family, personal and technological demand in the early 21st century.

The book analyses the market behaviour of seniors and argues that the Silver Economy will grow in importance and profitability every year in various areas, both public and private. This includes health, finance, employment, leisure and well-being, education, and the use of digital tools.

This publication is recommended for policymakers and business players who are considering how to achieve economic development through the growing and changing demand of the ageing population. For the world is now facing a challenge that no community has ever faced before - the coexistence of a long-lived population on the one hand and the growing popularity of digital technologies on the other.

Chapter 4 of this book is available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.routledge.com. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license. The publication was financed by a subsidy for the University of Wroclaw, Funds for the "Excellence Initiative - Research University" program, a subsidy for the University of Bialystok and a grant from the Krakow University of Economics (057/ ZZE/2022/POT).

The Fatal Breath is the first full-scale history of the Covid-19 pandemic in Britain. Deploying a rich archive of personal testimonies together with a wide range of research reports and official data, it presents a moving and challenging account of the crisis that enveloped Britain (and the world) in the spring of 2020.

With sensitivity, care, and an historian's critical eye, David Vincent places the pandemic in context. While much contemporary commentary has assumed people were forced to develop entirely new ways of living and working during lockdown, Vincent reveals how the population was able to draw upon a wealth of resources and coping strategies already seen over the centuries, often reacting far more quickly and effectively than slow-moving authorities. He tells the stories of doctors' and nurses' time on the frontlines, reveals the true extent of supply shortages, conspiracy theories, and vaccine resistance, and explores individuals' newfound appreciation of nature and community in lockdown.

The Fatal Breath will appeal to anyone seeking to reflect on the past few years and how the pandemic has changed Britain - for better and for worse.

This book explores how Lean - a global management doctrine - operates and is adopted in the real, corporeal, collective, and affective environments of health and social care services.

During Lean implementation processes, knowledges, affects, skills, and materialities come together in manifold, complex ways. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, and observation, and with empirical and theoretical rigour, the book provides an answer to the question of what happens to care work when processes become 'Leaned'. As in many other fields, the predominantly female health and social care sectors suffer from devaluation in terms of wages and working conditions. The book explores how Lean management is ultimately lived in this gendered context of work and labour. Moreover, the book situates Lean and related management doctrines in the current mutation of capitalism - that is, biocapitalism - in which bios, life itself, becomes the core of value production.

The book adds to the corpus of work, organisation, and management studies on Lean that have rarely focused on gender, affect, or sociomateriality. It provides scholars in Social Science, Management, and Gender Studies with a fresh outlook and a cross-disciplinary take on Lean management.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license. Funded by University of Eastern Finland.

This book examines the biological, psychological, and sociocultural aspects of challenges related to ageing in India. It does so by widely referring to research works beyond the disciplinary boundary of sociology to help develop a lucid yet critical understanding of sociological ageing.

Apart from providing an invaluable introduction to the major issues involved in the study of ageing from a sociological perspective, this book discusses demographic perspective, social dimensions, social support, and state policies in detail. It aptly describes challenges faced by elderly people and avenues of opportunities available to them to remain actively engaged in life.

This book would be useful to the students, researchers and teachers of Sociology, Social Work, Public Health and Psychology. It would also be an invaluable companion to professionals working in the field of Gerontology, Health and Social care, and NGOs working with older people.

Building a clinically integrated workplace with a high level of clinical competence requires careful considerations of Hospital Planning. For greenfield or brownfield hospital projects, clinicians and C-Suite executives need to acquire capabilities to address the planning needs of any organization.

This book aims to provide both theoretical and practical inputs for the Planning & Designing of Health Care Facilities in Developing Countries. It clearly indicates the steps to be followed, facts to be weighed, and components to be considered to arrive at a correct planning solution. With health reform looming and the revenue base shifting rapidly, we need to integrate patient safety concerns in the design process.

Key Features

* Liberal use of tables and figures to support conclusions, illustrate concepts, and display quantitative information, making it easier for readers to understand and refer to large quantities of data

* Integrates the international norms for planning and designing health care facilities into the developing country setting

* Handbook and ready reckoner for C-Suite executives, hospital engineers, project consultants, and hospital administration students

The book acts as a guide, taking the reader into the smart system domain and providing theoretical and practical knowledge along with case studies in smart healthcare. The book uses a blend of interdisciplinary approaches such as IoT, blockchain, augmented reality, and virtual reality for the implementation of cost-effective, real-time, and user-friendly solutions for healthcare problems.

Immersive Virtual and Augmented Reality in Healthcare: An IoT and Blockchain Perspective presents the trends, best practices, techniques, developments, sensors, materials, and case studies that are using augmented and virtual reality environments with the state-of-the-art latest technologies like IoT, blockchain, and machine learning in the implementation of healthcare systems. The book focuses on the design and implementation of smart healthcare systems with major challenges to further explore more robust and efficient healthcare solutions in terms of low cost, faster algorithms, more sensitive IoT sensors, faster data communication, and real-time solutions for treatment. It discusses the use of virtual and augmented reality and how it can provide user-friendly and interactive communication within healthcare systems. Illustrated through case studies, the book conveys how different hospitals and healthcare equipment providers can adopt good practices found in the book to improve the performance/productivity of their staff and system. The content is rounded out by providing how IoT, blockchain, and artificial intelligence can provide the framework for designing and/or upgrading traditional healthcare systems by increasing security and data privacy.

A valuable resource for engineers working with systems, the healthcare professionals involved in the design and development of healthcare devices and systems, researcher scholars, multidisciplinary scientists, students, and academics who are wishing to explore the use of virtual and augmented reality in new and existing healthcare systems.

COVID-19 accelerated healthcare's transition towards digital technology since it helped expand the capacity of healthcare organizations (HCOs) through extended patient access and isolation. In addition to HCOs, this transition was adopted by other participants in the healthcare ecosystem, such as independent digital health platform (DHP) vendors, self-insured employers, drug chains/pharmacy benefit managers, and insurance companies. It was not long before independent DHPs, payers, and self-insured employers realized the value of digital technology, so they increased their commitment towards this transition.

The goal of this book is to help HCOs understand, prepare, implement, and leverage digital transformation. The book opines that, to be successful, digital transformation must be led and supported by senior management. Equally important is the cultural transformation of HCOs towards successful change management, which requires an evolutionary approach to continuous process improvements of increasing scope and complexity. Next, HCOs must generate a comprehensive digital transformation roadmap that aligns with their strategic plan for enhancing clinical and related capabilities while improving patient engagement. To accomplish their digital transformation, HCO management and key stakeholders must comprehend and meet prerequisite requirements for: digital health platforms, advanced information technology, and work transformation methodologies. DHPs, and associated hardware and software complements, form the foundation of digital health technologies prevalent in modern-day healthcare and have gained increasing importance since COVID-19. Advanced information technology includes concepts vital to healthcare transformation such as EHRs, interoperability, big data, artificial intelligence, natural language processing, data security, and privacy. Lastly, work transformation methodologies address work redesign that incorporates different levels of process improvements and phases of digital transformation, lean/six sigma, agile methodologies, and human factors engineering to ensure well-designed interfaces for care providers and patients.

The overarching goal of this book is to provide a roadmap for US healthcare towards an organized digital transformation which will lead to improved outcomes, reduced costs, and improved patient satisfaction.

Rather than making another attempt at proposing a single and unifying theory of global health justice, this timely collection brings together, instead, scholars from a range of traditions to frame the issue more broadly, highlighting not only different perspectives but also key topics and debates.

The volume features chapters that offer both new theoretical approaches to global health justice, as well as fresh takes on existing frameworks. Others adopt a bottom-up approach to tackle specific problems, including the sexual rights of children and adolescents, artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, framing of neglected tropical diseases, securitization of health, and trademarks in global health. Brought together within one volume, the breadth of these chapters provides a unique and enlightening contribution to the wider Global Health field.

This important volume will be a fascinating read for students and researchers across Global Health, Bioethics, Political Philosophy, and Global Development.

Healthy behaviors, at the individual and community levels, are imperative to improving and sustaining better public health. With a strong focus on prevention, health promotion strategies are crucial to improving quality of life, while taking into account the various determinants of health. This book provides a global perspective, with an emphasis on contextual issues with health promotion in South Asia for understanding challenges and related strategies. Readers will be comprehensively introduced to healthy behaviors through case studies, covering theories, interventions, and approaches to promote healthy behavior, the impact of policy, and how behavior change can be sustained.

Key features:

• Covers existing and emerging issues in health promotion
• Input from globally renowned public health experts with a multidisciplinary approach to content and audience
• Connects with health systems and relevant sustainable development goals
• Provides case studies for enabling readers to understand and apply evidence-based solutions to key public health issues

This book centers directly impacted Black children who have lived through parental incarceration. Their stories are told from holistic perspectives incorporating the full range of collateral consequences. Shifting from the Eurocentric and capitalistic viewpoint, they move us beyond negative outcomes to a positive prism by providing insider perspective, strategy, advice, and compelling experiences. We center Black children of incarcerated parents' (BCOIP's) rich narratives to show how they are conscious thinkers with perspectives that can help reimagine all Black children's lives and futures.

These stories help readers better understand the importance of exploring the revolutionary ways BCOIP continue to survive, thrive, and transform amid the dynamic challenges surrounding mass incarceration. The book shifts the social dialogue from fear of intergenerational crime and incarceration to resilience, success, Black joy, and self-love, and moves from sympathetic into an empathetic agenda. The book brings to the forefront counter-storytelling through oral narratives that fill a gap in literature that leaves out the voices of children of incarcerated parents who are doctors, lawyers, professional athletes, musicians, community leaders, activists, professors, teachers, bestselling authors, and much more. These are vital experiences to share because not all BCOIP will end up in prison, jail, or a detention center.

Black Children of Incarcerated Parents Speak Truth to Power will be of great interest to scholars from the humanistic social sciences and humanities. It is also a timely resource for students (high school, undergraduate, and graduate) in sociology, criminology, corrections, humanities, social work, counseling, education, social justice, and related courses, as well as agency administrators, community organizations servicing families of the incarcerated, specifically incarcerated parents and the children of incarcerated parents, themselves.

Why Place Matters reassesses what is known and traditionally understood about the relationship older adults have with place over time and in later life. Building from notions that affirm there is no single "right" place to age or grow older, Joyce Weil fixes her analytical focus on older adults' agency in assessing place, the ways a person's fit in a place evolves over time, and the complexity and nuance of how older adults derive and also attach meanings to place. Even in the presence of a rich literature and ongoing body of research on older adults and their relationship to place, this book argues for more attention to be paid to the ways in which the interaction of person and place is fluid and dependent on personal and individual circumstances as well as societal and structural ones.

Drawing upon theoretical explanations and quantitative models, including the author's own integrated measure, and a range of lived experiences and personal accounts of place, this book unpacks and broadens the meanings ascribed to place in later life. Readers across the fields of gerontology, sociology, geography, planning, and health and social care will find a fresh perspective and truly innovative and comprehensive way of thinking about place and aging.

This book studies Indonesian and Philippine English-language printed media outlets to examine how regional public opinions of China and China-made vaccines progressed amid the coronavirus pandemic.

By quantifying the presence of certain words, themes, and concepts within the qualitative, textual data of news articles from the most prominent English newspapers in Indonesia (i.e. The Jakarta Post) and the Philippines (i.e. The Philippine Daily Inquirer), the book investigates the trajectories of the regional narratives on Chinese vaccines, Beijing, and China. Through this same methodology, the book also explores indications of the degree of soft power exerted by Beijing through such media outlets in both Indonesia and the Philippines.

Analysing how Sino-Southeast Asian relations changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, this book will be a valuable resource to students and scholars of international relations, media studies, and Asian politics.

The main focus of this book is the examination of women's health issues and the role machine learning can play as a solution to these challenges. This book will illustrate advanced, innovative techniques/frameworks/concepts/machine learning methodologies, enhancing the future healthcare system. Combating Women's Health Issues with Machine Learning: Challenges and Solutions examines the fundamental concepts and analysis of machine learning algorithms.

The editors and authors of this book examine new approaches for different age-related medical issues that women face. Topics range from diagnosing diseases such as breast and ovarian cancer to using deep learning in prenatal ultrasound diagnosis. The authors also examine the best machine learning classifier for constructing the most accurate predictive model for women's infertility risk. Among the topics discussed are gender differences in type 2 diabetes care and its management as it relates to gender using artificial intelligence. The book also discusses advanced techniques for evaluating and managing cardiovascular disease symptoms, which are more common in women but often overlooked or misdiagnosed by many healthcare providers.

The book concludes by presenting future considerations and challenges in the field of women's health using artificial intelligence. This book is intended for medical researchers, healthcare technicians, scientists, programmers and graduate-level students looking to understand better and develop applications of machine learning/deep learning in healthcare scenarios, especially concerning women's health conditions.

The new and updated edition of Health Behavior Change: Theories, Methods and Interventions, provides a complete understanding of health behavior change, from its theoretical building blocks to the practical challenges of developing and testing an intervention. Based on the latest evidence in the field, the authors present a theory-driven, scientific approach to understanding and changing health behaviors, examining the theories that explain health behavior, the techniques that most effectively change health behavior, and the methods and statistical approaches essential to generating the underpinning evidence. This approach is presented in the context of both health promoting behaviors such as healthy eating, and health risk behaviors such as smoking, and considers not only the role of individuals but also other important influences on health behavior including the environment, policy, and technology.

Among other additions, the revised edition includes the following features:

• More classic and modern theories explained and critiqued
• Coverage of issues related to tackling COVID-19 through behavior change
• Consideration of the replicability crisis, its causes, impact and potential solutions
• Wider coverage of methods including different types of randomized trials, pilot studies, feasibility studies, consensus methods, N-of-1 studies and megastudies.
• Expanded critical skills toolkit

Fostering a critical perspective, the book includes features to enable readers to better evaluate evidence and Burning Issue Boxes to highlight relevant, topical issues in the field. It will be essential reading for students and researchers of health psychology, public health and social work, as well as any professional working in this important area, particularly those tasked with reducing the high proportion of individuals failing to meet national health behavior targets.

This book analyses the role of religion during the COVID- 19 pandemic and vaccination rollout in Zimbabwe.

Zimbabwe was listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of thirteen African countries to have fully vaccinated more than 10% of its population against COVID- 19 by the end of September 2021, but the country fell far short of the government's own target for achieving 60% inoculation by December 2020. This book analyses whether religion played a role in explaining why the government's pro- vaccine stance did not translate into high vaccination rates. Drawing upon various religions, including African indigenous religions, Christianity and Islam, the book considers how faith actors demonstrated vaccine acceptance, resistance or hesitancy. Zimbabwe offers a particularly interesting and varied case for analysis, and the original research on display here will be an important contribution to wider debates on religion and COVID- 19. This book will be useful to academics, researchers and students studying religious studies, sociology, health and well- being, religion and development.

Elaborating with the concepts of culture and religious literacy, this volume examines theoretical, methodological and empirical aspects of the practice and study of religion and non-religion, culture, spirituality and worldviews within healthcare.

In modern multi-cultural and multi-religious societies, a host of new issues have arisen concerning culture, religion and spirituality within healthcare, especially when people face serious and life-limiting illness. Healthcare professionals are faced with challenges addressing and handling patients' cultural expressions of religiosity, spirituality and existential concerns. The variety needs to be met without essentializing the concepts of culture and religion, and with an ability to include the non-religious as well as new types of spiritualities. This collection reflects on the tension between cultural, religious and spiritual dimensions of care in a secularized healthcare institution and describes implications of this tension for healthcare professionals and patients. The book engages with an ongoing scholarly discussion about religious literacy in healthcare, and contributes perspectives, experiences and empirical examples from the Nordic countries, especially Sweden. It gives suggestions for practical application of research to healthcare practice, highlighting challenges and ideas for how to integrate religious, non-religious, and spiritual dimensions in care.

This is an important contribution to the literature on religious literacy and provides a vital reference for students, scholars and healthcare professionals with an interest in the complex relationship between culture, spirituality, and religion in healthcare.

Chapter 6 and 7 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

Social work has long been working directly with the criminal and civil courts of the justice system. The work of Latin American practitioners in the legal system, however, is little known at global and local levels. This book is the first to go beyond Western-centric appraisals and presents a truly Latin American portrait of social work in the justice system.

• Forensic Social Work: The construction of possible ways of the criminal intervention
• Socio-Legal Social Work in the Field of Criminal Defense
• Family and Community Life: Contributions of Social Work to the Debate in Family Courts
• Support to Victims in High-conflict Scenarios: An approach from the socio-legal, the pedagogical, and the care perspectives
• The Assessment of Child and Adolescent Sexual Abuse Allegations from a Social Work Perspective

There is a complex relationship between illness and identity. Missed and Dismissed Voices aims to expose the impact of hidden health problems on the daily lives of a growing number of adults who live with chronic conditions and repeatedly face the challenge of trying to maintain their personal sense of healthiness across the life course.

The book focuses on the meaning and management of both medically diagnosed chronic diseases and medically unexplained physical conditions or syndromes. In each case, people must decide whether to make their private suffering public. The book includes analysis derived from research literature, combined with illness narrative accounts of people in qualitative interviews and blog posts, to create fictional exemplary case studies for each of the chronic conditions examined. The common issues raised in these stories provide important insights into the process by which people manage to adapt to their changing health status and life circumstances. In this book, Alexander Segall, PhD, gives voice to chronically ill people who often have their life stories either missed or dismissed.

Substances, Welfare, and Social Relations uses intimate, complex portraits to tell the stories of people who have lived some part of their life course while using or recovering from using substances (such as alcohol or illicit or prescription drugs) and also being part of a family and experiencing poverties.

Through these multifaceted stories, layered with a critical analysis of welfare policy, the book probes the deeply entrenched stigma of living with addiction and in low income. Amber Gazso's work revolves around the three-principles idea that (1) addiction is part of everyday life; (2) if we believe that people are not their addictions, then stigmatizing addiction has no place in society; and (3) destigmatizing addiction and providing better, more imaginative programs and services invites and supports actionable hope. Reflecting on qualitative data, both narrative interviews and policy discourse, Substances, Welfare, and Social Relations illuminates how stigmas can be overturned through a collective praxis of hope.

This expanded second edition of Mitzi Waltz's Autism: A Social and Medical History offers an in-depth examination of how the condition was perceived before it became a separate area of investigation, and how autism has been conceptualised and treated since. As well as strengthening the existing text, Waltz has added material on a number of topics that have received increased attention since the first edition, including the rise of the anti-vaccination movement, the shift towards genetic and genomic research, and the progress of the autism self-advocacy movement.

The author examines these issues through the perspective of what they mean for autistic people, clinicians and society, and looks at the challenges still faced by autistic people. Waltz also looks at the increased autism diagnosis among girls and women, and how autism has been represented in traditional media and social media. The book includes information from interviews with key researchers, parents of autistic children and people with autism.