社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

In the last decade, addressing the persistent problem of maternal, infant, young child and adolescent malnutrition in India has gained significant attention. With the well-established serious implications of malnutrition on mortality and morbidity; mental health and cognitive development; activity and productivity and overall economic development, today there is an unprecedented political commitment to improving the grave woman and child nutrition scenario in the country. POSHAN ABHIYAAN (Nutrition Mission) was launched in a Mission mode by the Honourable Prime Minister of India on March 8, 2018, followed by measures for an effective implementation of an integrated nutrition strategy through POSHAN 2.0 in 2022. The book with 15 chapters tracks the history of evolvement of public nutrition policies and strategies, presents an update on the nutrition scenario, analyses the experiences and synthesises emerging lessons in the prevention and control of malnutrition. Additionally, the book includes chapters with details of each of the various government systems such as Health, ICDS, NRLM, PDS, Education/MDM, Water-Sanitation that provide lead in mainstreaming nutrition actions that directly or indirectly impact on accelerating the improvement of the nutrition situation of women, adolescents and children.

The book is intended to be an indispensable reference for teachers and students of nutrition, community medicine, public health and development as well as professionals involved in the formulation and implementation of the nutrition policies and programmes.

Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Bhutan)

Value of Information for Healthcare Decision-Making introduces the concept of Value of Information (VOI) use in health policy decision-making to determine the sensitivity of decisions to assumptions, and to prioritise and design future research. These methods, and their use in cost-effectiveness analysis, are increasingly acknowledged by health technology assessment authorities as vital.

Key Features:

• Provides a comprehensive overview of VOI
• Simplifies VOI
• Showcases state-of-the-art techniques for computing VOI
• Includes R statistical software package
• Provides results when using VOI methods
• Uses realistic decision model to illustrate key concepts

The primary audience for this book is health economic modellers and researchers, in industry, government, or academia, who wish to perform VOI analysis in health economic evaluations. It is relevant for postgraduate researchers and students in health economics or medical statistics who are required to learn the principles of VOI or undertake VOI analyses in their projects. The overall goal is to improve the understanding of these methods and make them easier to use.

"I recommend that all members of the health community read this book to obtain a real snapshot of how the Intelligent Health System is being transformed via new technologies."

Chris Landon MD FAAP, FCCP, FRSM

Clinical Associate Professor USC Keck School of Medicine

Technology Development Center Laboratory and Studio

The "Intelligent Health Pavilion" as demonstrated at the annual HIMSS Conference by the Intelligent Health Association is the impetus for this book.

This book documents the remarkable journey of "Intelligent Health System" and the adoption of Innovative technologies. Many showcased in real time on the trade show floor and now in this book: "The Rise of the Intelligent Health System". In each chapter of this book, authors are expressing the immense potential of merging cutting-edge technology with the complex realm of patient care and safety. The informative chapters in this book delve deep into the unfolding story of how hospitals have evolved into interactive, intelligent environments, driven by real-time data and powered by artificial intelligence.

In what seems like the blink of an eye, technology has completely transformed the way we live, work, and interact with the world around us. From smartphones to self-driving cars, ChatGPT, wireless technologies, wearables, and many other innovations are reshaping our society, pushing the boundaries of what was once considered impossible. However, nowhere is the impact of technology more profound than in the field of healthcare.

This insightful book addresses recovery as a comprehensive concept for prevention of health-threats in modern societies through active lifestyles. Several areas of society are addressed, such as sports, work environments, and the military. Internationally renowned experts from different scientific disciplines present results of empirical research as well as applied intervention techniques to effectively manage stress and promote recovery in healthy lifestyles.

Recognizing the systemic nature of stress and recovery is critical to designing effective interventions and policies. By promoting a balance between stress and recovery in physiological, psychological, and social terms, individuals and societies can build resilience, promote optimal well-being, and mitigate the negative effects of chronic stress. This book focuses on key research in the area of recovery and healthy living and addresses psychological, somatic and organizational prevention strategies that foster recovery and healthy lifestyles in society. It offers an expanded understanding of recovery in the health field and applies this to different areas, such as the workplace.

Though written for the scientific community, the book will also benefit applied health scientists, instructors, and students, as well as readers interested in applying effective well-being and recovery techniques in their own lives.

This book presents health communication scholarship from Chile, China, Colombia, Ecuador, Japan, New Zealand, Sweden, United States, and Venezuela, that recognizes the central role of communication in addressing and coping with health disparities across diverse populations. It thus advances understanding of the nuances of long standing, as well as emerging health disparities in our ever-changing social environment.

The volume features eleven original, interdisciplinary research and evidence-based articles from scholars with distinct disciplinary backgrounds and unique positionalities who offer new and meaningful perspectives for scholars and practitioners in their diversity, equity, inclusion, and social justice efforts within domains such as health communication and public health. Contributions to the book facilitate meaningful dialogue and knowledge exchanges to address a wide range of key health disparities related to structural barriers and racial inequities.

Featuring highly interdisciplinary research spanning from the Global South to the Global North, this book will be a key resource for researchers, scholars and practitioners in both communication studies and health sciences, as well as their respective allied fields such as media studies, telecommunications, journalism, sociology, anthropology, cultural studies, medical science, nursing, public health, psychology/psychiatry, and medical informatics. It was originally published as a special issue of Health Communication.

This volume explores the variable meanings and discourses of historical and contemporary pandemics to rethink theories and practices of planetary health.

Rather than conflating the planetary with anthropogenic climate change, planetary geo-engineering, or the "global," the volume elaborates a version of planetary health humanities that invites decolonial, creative, and pluridisciplinary modes of thinking and sees "health" as a complex non-anthropocentric process that moves within the multiple scales of the planetary. The volume offers new historical trajectories as it considers an eighteenth-century woman author’s readings of plague, intersecting narratives of nineteenth-century lactation and vaccination, and the forgotten biopolitics of NASA’s Planetary Quarantine Program. It offers accounts of decolonial and oracular planetary health, insists that the role of literature in the health humanities is not merely instrumental, explores viral and planetary co-inhabitations, and scrutinizes inequities faced by global health workers. The volume also includes discussions of cybernetic addiction and the complex entanglements of humans, microbes, and bees. Its concluding interview addresses the concrete impact of current planetary transformations on individual and collective health.

Bringing together multiple disciplines, the volume will be of interest to students and scholars in health humanities, literary studies, postcolonial studies, medical history, and narrative medicine.

This book examines the effects of various stresses, strains, and traumas in our lives, from the womb till adulthood. The consequences of such stresses are delineated, and this book describes ways of coping with it.

Research has demonstrated, repeatedly, that chronic stress may increase unhealthy behavior which may further enhance the development of poor lifestyle habits, substance abuse, or physical inactivity. This may significantly and negatively influence not only our physical wellbeing but emotional one as well. Certain personality traits, like neuroticism for example, is positively correlated with poor physical functioning, greater alcohol consumption as well as increased cigarette smoking. Similarly, extraversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability were shown to significantly affect lifestyle, physical activity, and self-care, and consequently one's health.

The chapters in this volume cover various issues that are related to and influence our health - from how adverse childhood experiences can affect our mental health, resulting in anxiety and heightened stress, how partner violence can cause trauma on the physical and emotional health of its victims to examining the effect of assisted reproductive technology on the mother-child relationship. This book also explores the various ways to cope with the significant stress that we experience daily in our lives, as well as how self-care is important in maintaining good health and in avoiding burnout.

This book will be of great value to students, researchers and practitioners of psychology, including health psychology and psychoanalysis. The chapters in this book were originally published in The Journal of Psychology.

This book examines how the shift to remote teaching in March 2020 due to the global pandemic created new opportunities for innovation and creativity and shaped how social work classes were taught, with many temporary changes now part of permanent, standard practice. Drawing on narratives from 20 social work leaders across 17 different countries, the chapters explore particular themes and viewpoints on lessons learned during the pandemic, including case studies to examine copying mechanisms, insights into the transition to remote teaching, and the creative lessons that were learned. By taking an international perspective, it represents a key contribution to the scholarship of social work leaders from around the world concerning how institutions transitioned to remote learning and teaching and how these lived experiences and new discoveries are contributing to and influencing current practice. As such, it will appeal to social work educators, researchers, and field educators around the world with interests in experimental curriculum and field practice.

This handbook provides thorough, in-depth, and well-focused developments of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), natural language processing (NLP), cryptography, and blockchain approaches, along with their applications focused on healthcare systems.

Handbook of AI-Based Models in Healthcare and Medicine: Approaches, Theories, and Applications highlights different approaches, theories, and applications of intelligent systems from a practical as well as a theoretical view of the healthcare domain. It uses a medically oriented approach in its discussions of human biology, healthcare, and medicine and presents NLP-based medical reports and medicine enhancements. The handbook includes advanced models of ML and DL for the management of healthcare systems and also discusses blockchain-based healthcare management. In addition, the handbook offers use cases where AI, ML, and DL can help solve healthcare complications.

Undergraduate and postgraduate students, academicians, researchers, and industry professionals who have an interest in understanding the applications of ML/DL in the healthcare setting will want this reference on their bookshelf.

This book on parental alienation and family reunification provides family court professionals with critical background in child development, dynamics present in violent families, and how to evaluate the testimony of experts to ensure it values children's views, best interests of the children, and follows evidence-based practice.

As laid out in the Child Welfare Information Gateway report, 2020, Family court judges should make decisions per the best interests of the child standard. High conflict custody cases make this complicated, especially when reunification services are requested. In the middle of contentious proceedings, judges oftentimes receive conflicting information from parents. Judges and family law professionals can be lead astray, relying on unproven constructs and instruments not meeting the criteria of reliability and validity. Mandating victimized children into reunification programs that are neither evidence-based nor trauma informed can cause further harm to the children.

This book will be of interest to those working in the family courts, particularly expert witnesses, clinical psychologists, therapists, children's services workers including social workers, child protection court workers, mental health professionals involved in child custody decisions, and researchers with an interest in parental alienation. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Journal of Family Trauma, Child Custody & Child Development.

Within the framework of a global political and sanitarian crisis that broke out in March 2020, this book proposes a new contemporary look at the great pandemic of the 20th century, the Spanish flu of 1918-1919.

Based on its impact in Spain, the book offers a comparative and transatlantic perspective focused on the political and cultural impact of the pandemic in Europe and Latin America. The book focuses on three aspects: the overwhelming presence of influenza between 1918 and 1920, its oblivion and its political and cultural traces in the interwar decades and even more, and its reappearance in the face of the COVID-19. These three aspects are interconnected through a comparative analysis of the crisis of liberalism and democracy of the 1920s and 1930s and the current populist wave that is affecting the world.

As such, this book is of great value to those interested in social and medical history across Europe and Latin America through offering a fresh outlook on the effects of the pandemic of the 20th century in the wake of the COVID pandemic that swept across the world.

This book adopts an innovative approach in exploring the evolution of fitness practices among a community of gym goers amid a global pandemic, considering its impact on the interplay of the words, habits, and relationships gym goers use in realizing their aspirations of wellness and well-being.

Perrino and Reno introduce a multilayered framework which combines insights from linguistic and sociocultural anthropology, integrating narrative analysis, discourse analysis, and ethnography, with autoethnography. This approach allows for a holistic portrait of the gym as a research site and of fitness as a fruitful area for dynamic cross-disciplinary study. The volume explores how the COVID-19 pandemic has shaped attitudes and practices around fitness, drawing on audio and video recordings and the authors' lived experiences to analyze everything from workout choreography to micro-celebrity fitness culture to group classes. The book raises key questions around what it means to be well amid a pandemic, the practical dangers of realizing fitness goals in such times, the effects on the social relationships inherent to gym culture, and the impact on identity construction and self-reflection.

This volume will appeal to scholars interested in the interdisciplinary study of fitness, in such areas as linguistic anthropology, sociocultural anthropology, health humanities, and sport studies.

Medical, Dental, and Wellness Tourism: A Post-Pandemic Perspective offers a thorough and informative guide to medical travel and tourism for the treatment of health-related issues. The book first defines medical, dental, and wellness tourism and travel for treatment and then goes on to look at the myriad issues involved, such as benefits and challenges of travel for treatment, how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the treatment sectors in tourism, selecting the right destination and facility, ending your life in another country, the growing world of birth tourism, dental tourism, medical travel for second opinions, privacy and health data security, the importance of post-operative care, and more. The book explores why medical tourism is the answer to our healthcare crisis. The patient deserves the right to seek the highest quality of medical, dental and wellness care anywhere on the globe with transparent pricing.

This volume provides an abundance of information necessary for practical solutions to healthcare needs, both to avoid the seemingly ever-rising cost of healthcare in the United States, offering choices and options outside the US as well as for choosing effective care in other countries. The volume also addresses advances in technology in the healthcare travel industry. A section on resources and experiences to aid in making the right healthcare decisions is included as well.

The chapters answer important questions when considering healthcare outside the US, such as

• What options and choices are available globally
• How to choose the right medical, dental, pharma, or wellness location
• The benefits and challenges of travel for treatment
• What is involved in euthanasia in other countries
• How privacy of healthcare data maintained

COVID-19 has changed the face of the globe. Patients have a new perspective on how they want to receive health and wellness care, and this includes a deeper dive into the world of medical, dental, and wellness tourism. The future is about customizing how and where the patient wants to receive their medical, dental, and wellness treatments, transparent pricing, and the ability to make choices and view options anywhere in the world. Employers, government agencies, and private organizations are able to control healthcare costs, forecast trends, and allow their employees to get the highest quality of care through specialized Centers of Excellence. The book offers a comprehensive guide to medical, dental, and wellness tourism, explains how technology plays a role, as well as proposes solutions to the current healthcare system. A must read for anyone interested in the future of our global healthcare system.

Written by a renowned international speaker on medical, dental, and wellness tourism and travel for treatment, who has significant experience and advocate for affordable healthcare choices, this volume shares necessary information for those considering healthcare in other countries-those needing care as well as their healthcare professionals and loved ones.

This thoughtful book offers unique insights on global health research, drawing attention to the equity choices embedded in day-to-day patterns and assumptions that shape how people do, think about, and navigate research.

It invites readers to position equity as the driving principle and purpose of this field and presents a plethora of examples that demonstrate how to navigate the complex work of centring equity in research. This book provides foundational content on the standards of guiding equity considerations in global health, with chapters adopting cross-disciplinary methods of engaging in equity thinking and doing. Chapters explore applications of six distinct elements of the CCGHR Principles for Global Health Research, including partnering authentically, embracing inclusion, sharing benefits, committing to the future, acting on causes of inequities and practicing humility. Each chapter is accompanied with engaging reflection questions.

This book is a pivotal resource for those who perform, use or support global equity health research. It will appeal to students, researchers, policy makers, professionals and funders, as well as those with an interest in and commitment to centring equity in their approaches to doing, using, or supporting health research.

Ambassadors of Social Progress examines the ways in which blind activists from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe entered the postwar international disability movement and shaped its content and its course. Maria Cristina Galmarini shows that the international work of socialist blind activists was defined by the larger politics of the Cold War and, in many respects, represented a field of competition with the West in which the East could shine. Yet, her study also reveals that socialist blind politics went beyond propaganda. When socialist activists joined the international blind movement, they initiated an exchange of experiences that profoundly impacted everyone involved. Not only did the international blind movement turn global disability welfare from philanthropy to self-advocacy, but it also gave East European and Soviet activists a new set of ideas and technologies to improve their own national movements.

By analyzing the intersection of disability and politics, Ambassadors of Social Progress enables a deeper, bottom-up understanding of cultural relations during the Cold War. Galmarini significantly contributes to the little-studied history of disability in socialist Europe, and ultimately shows that disability activism did not start as an import from the West in the post-1989 period, but rather had a long and meaningful tradition that was rooted in the socialist system of welfare and needed to be reinvented when this system fell apart.

Scholars in COVID Times documents the new and innovative forms of scholarship, community collaboration, and teaching brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this volume, Melissa Castillo Planas and Debra A. Castillo bring together a diverse range of texts, from research-based studies to self-reflective essays, to reexamine what it means to be a publicly engaged scholar in the era of COVID.

Between social distancing, masking, and remote teaching-along with the devastating physical and emotional tolls on individuals and families-the disruption of COVID-19 in academia has given motivated scholars an opportunity (or necessitated them) to reconsider how they interact with and inspire students, conduct research, and continue collaborative projects. Addressing a broad range of factors, from anti-Asian racism to pedagogies of resilience and escapism, digital pen pals to international performance, the essays are connected by a flexible, creative approach to community engagement as a core aspect of research and teaching. Timely and urgent, but with long-term implications and applications, Scholars in COVID Times offers a heterogeneous vision of scholarly and pedagogical innovation in an era of contestation and crisis.

This important book not only highlights the high rates of morbidity and mortality among young black women in the US, but also provides a lens through which the reasons behind such health disparities can be understood.

The book outlines the main direct causes of illness and premature death among young black women, from physical illnesses such as heart disease, cancer and stroke, to psychological conditions such as depression. But throughout each chapter the reasons behind these issues are discussed, including exposure to racial discrimination, exposure to psychosocial stressors, poverty, lack of access to health care, unemployment, and lack of education. A concluding chapter asks what mechanisms can address the stark health inequalities faced by young black women in the US so that rates of morbidity and mortality can be reduced.

A timely and insightful account of an enduring issue within American society, this book will interest researchers and students across public health, race and gender studies and the sociology of health, as well as policy makers.

This handbook provides a comprehensive and critical overview of the gamut of contemporary issues around health and healthcare from a political economy perspective. Its contributions present a unique challenge to prevailing economic accounts of health and healthcare, which narrowly focus on individual behaviour and market processes. Instead, the capacity of the human body to reach its full potential and the ability of society to prevent disease and cure illness are demonstrated to be shaped by a broader array of political economic processes. The material conditions in which societies produce, distribute, exchange, consume, and reproduce - and the operation of power relations therein - influence all elements of human health: from food consumption and workplace safety, to inequality, healthcare and housing, and even the biophysical conditions in which humans live.

This volume explores these concerns across five sections. First, it introduces and critically engages with a variety of established and cutting-edge theoretical perspectives in political economy to conceptualise health and healthcare - from neoclassical and behavioural economics, to Marxist and feminist approaches. The next two sections extend these insights to evaluate the neoliberalisation of health and healthcare over the past 40 years, highlighting their individualisation and commodification by the capitalist state and powerful corporations. The fourth section examines the diverse manifestation of these dynamics across a range of geographical contexts. The volume concludes with a section devoted to outlining more progressive health and healthcare arrangements, which transcend the limitations of both neoliberalism and capitalism.

This volume will be an indispensable reference work for students and scholars of political economy, health policy and politics, health economics, health geography, the sociology of health, and other health-related disciplines.

Chapters 1 & 8 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [CC BY NC ND] 4.0 license.

Exposing the explicit and implicit relationships between politics, political decisions, and public policy within a planetary perspective, this book focuses on the importance of the political environment as a determinant of population health outcomes.

Political Determinants of Health in Australia brings together a team of experts in public health, health policy and planetary health in Australia to examine the political factors that determine population health outcomes. It takes a student-centred approach, explaining complex concepts in an interactive, engaging, and thought-provoking way within a logical, easy to navigate structure. Each chapter takes on key contemporary public health issues, such as family, work, diversity, housing, energy, education, food, and waste, examining it within the context of politics, policy, and health outcomes from a planetary perspective.

There is a comprehensive suite of learning activities in each chapter, catering to diverse learning styles and prior knowledge to encourage critical thinking. An essential text for students of public health, health promotion, and health policy.

This book examines the discourses on ageing and ageism in Indian culture, politics, art and society. It explores its representations and the anxieties, fears and vulnerabilities associated with ageing.

The volume looks at ageing within the contexts of the larger discourses of gender, sexuality, nation, health and the performance and politics of ageing. The chapters grapple with diverse issues around ageing and elder care in contemporary India, shifts in socio-economic conditions and the breakdown of the heteropatriarchal family. The book includes personal accounts and narratives that detail the daily experiences of ageing and living with disease, anxiety, loneliness and loss for both elders and their friends and families. The book also explores the models of alternative networks of kinship and care that queer elders in India create in India as well as examining narratives-in society, art, sports and popular culture that both critique and challenge stereotypical ideas about the desires, aspirations, and mental and physical capabilities of elders.

Topical and comprehensive, this book will be useful for scholars and researchers of gerontology, literature, cultural studies, popular culture, sociology, social psychology, queer studies, gender studies, social anthropology, and South Asian studies.