社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

Resilience and Wellbeing in Young Children, Their Families and Communities unpicks the theme of resilience and wellbeing through diverse contexts, circumstances, populations and life stories in order to explore its complexity globally.

Current societal events have brought forward a need for understanding how to best support and create environments with conditions that promote children's holistic wellbeing. Violence in all its facets, poverty, political conflict and the recent pandemic are among the major realities threatening children, and this demands attention to how resilience can be supported to effectively safeguard children's lived experiences. This book explores resilience from a range of perspectives, research projects and practical support mechanisms for young children, families, educators and communities. It starts with theoretical conceptualizations and goes on to present specific research projects and applied initiatives and how these can be used in application to praxis for young children and their families.

Being of interest to educators and human services striving to advocate for and enhance young children's wellbeing, this book will serve as both a useful overview of the many approaches to supporting resilience in young children, while providing a sound theoretical perspective that is accessible for all.

An interdisciplinary overview of theory, history, and leading research in the field

With a joint linguistic and medical perspective, The Handbook of Language in Public Health and Healthcare explores innovative approaches for improving clinical education, clinician-patient communication, assessment, and mass communication. Contributions by a diverse panel of experts address a wide range of key topics, including language concordance in clinical care, medical interpreting, the role of language as a social determinant of health, reaching linguistically diverse audiences during public health crises, assessing clinician language skills, and more.

Organized into five parts, the Handbook covers the theory, history, and context of linguistics, language interpretation and translation, language concordance, medical language education pedagogy, and mass communication of health information with linguistically diverse populations. Throughout the text, detailed chapters present solutions and strategies with the potential to improve the health and healthcare of linguistically diverse populations worldwide.

In an increasingly multilingual, global society, language has become a critical area of interest for advancing public health and healthcare. The Handbook of Language in Public Health and Healthcare:

• Helps professionals integrate language-appropriate communication in healthcare settings
• Addresses clinician-patient communication, assessment, research, and mass public health communication
• Offers key theoretical insights that inform the intersection of language, public health, and healthcare
• Highlights how various approaches in the field of linguistics have enriched public health and healthcare practices

The Handbook of Language in Public Health and Healthcare is essential reading for undergraduate, postgraduate, and professional students of applied linguistics, health communication, and medicine. It is also an invaluable reference for language educators, clinicians, medical educators, linguists, health policy experts, and researchers.

Explores informal global health action and the importance of intentions of those who volunteer
In the past two decades, medical missions have gained popularity among medical professionals, who view these excursions as important ethical interventions. Indeed, the notion of giving back by volunteering in rural or impoverished communities is celebrated as an ideal act of selflessness, one whose effects are unquestionably beneficial to those being served.
Good Intentions in Global Health is a groundbreaking exploration of the growing realm of informal global health engagement, shedding light on the intricate interplay between intentions, emotions, and ethical considerations. Drawing on fieldwork in Guatemala, Nicole S. Berry investigates those who volunteer for short-term medical missions, revealing how the intent to do good shapes their everyday understandings of their own actions taken in the global health domain.
Berry uncovers how the glorification of medical missions can obscure problems that stem from North American clinicians doctoring in places where they typically do not understand the context. The short-term nature of missions also means that volunteers are not privy to the long-term effects of their actions-the potential harms that may arise from a lack of sustained follow-up care or the utter absence of documentation that they were even there. By relying on gut instincts to reassure themselves that they are doing good, volunteers often bypass a comprehensive assessment of the ethical dimensions underlying their global health work.
Good Intentions in Global Health shows why desires and emotions are increasingly important to contemporary global health. She makes the case that we must pay attention to volunteers' perceptions of their work, however wrongheaded or naive, in order to truly influence global health on the ground.

This handbook is a comprehensive text on social work education based on the narratives of social work educators, practitioners, and researchers from Asia and the Pacific, North and South America, Australia and Oceania, and Europe. It discusses innovations, challenges, pedagogy, and tested methods of social work teaching at various levels of educational programmes.

The volume:

• Examines key concepts that underpin debates concerning social work teaching, research, and practice
• Brings out key concerns, debates, and narratives concerning various teaching, learning, and pedagogical methods from different countries
• Documents principal perspectives of different stakeholders involved in social work education - from educators and practitioners to novice social workers

The Routledge International Handbook of Social Work Teaching will be an effective instrument in informing policy decisions related to social work teaching and pedagogy at the global and local levels. It will be essential for educators, researchers, and practitioners within social work institutions and for professional associations around the world.

Poverty, Gender and Health in the Slums of Bangladesh provides comprehensive ethnographic accounts that depict the daily life experiences and health hardships encountered by young women and their families living in the slums of Dhaka city and the injustices they face.

The analysis focuses on two specific historical eras: 2002-2003 and 2020-2022 and shows that despite recent improvements in employment opportunities and greater mobility for young women, their lives reflect ongoing challenges reminiscent of those faced two decades earlier. While national and global organizations acknowledge the nation's economic and social progress, those on the outskirts of society continue to grapple with enduring poverty. They are excluded from the advantages of economic growth, oppressed by unjust local, national, and global systems, discriminatory laws, and policies. Their struggles go unnoticed as they confront a slew of challenges, including slum evictions, enforced lockdowns, income losses, food insecurity, and ongoing crises related to health, injuries, fatalities, and exploitation and harassment by law enforcement and influential individuals within the slum and the city. After two decades, these obstacles persist, and life remains tenuous, with health severely compromised.

This book will appeal to students, academics, and researchers in the fields of Public Health, Medical Anthropology, Gender Studies, Urban Studies, Development Studies, Social Sciences, as well as professionals engaged in urban health and poverty-related work.

Rooted in a lively, critical approach to social work education and practice, Social Work and Common Sense challenges readers to think critically and more deeply about core facets of social work knowledge and 'received ideas'. Garrett draws on the work of Antonio Gramsci to develop new, and often provocative, insights on attachment theory, creativity, anger, human rights, the 'unmarried mother' in Ireland's past, and contemporary approaches to 'decolonising' social work education.

The book is divided into ten chapters, each of which includes a series of reflection and talk boxes to assist students to critically reflect (individually and in class/seminar and fieldwork/workplace discussions) on key facets of the preceding chapter.

Addressing often complex ideas in a freshly accessible way, Social Work and Common Sense will be required reading in all postgraduate and advanced undergraduate classes in theory and social work.

Why do some people choose to be vaccinated and others do not? What is the difference between vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaccinism? What can social psychology tell us about attitudes towards vaccination?

The Psychology of Vaccination identifies the social psychological drivers of vaccine mindsets, to explore why some people choose to be vaccinated, some are hesitant, and others refuse. It explores the socio-demographic factors related to vaccine hesitancy and considers the role of motivation in making this health decision. The book focuses on how individuals are social beings, inserted into a web of influences that guide their behaviour, and considers the impact this may have on their health choices.

Not only aimed at the convinced, but also for all those who have doubts about vaccination, The Psychology of Vaccination offers an insightful look at our health behaviours and considers whether it is possible to affect health behaviour change.

An in-depth look at the theoretical foundations and practical applications of health promotion

Introduction to Health Promotion gives students a working knowledge of health promotion conceptsand their applications, with a special emphasis on the philosophical and theoretical foundations of health promotion. This new edition underscores the growing need-highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic-for activities, programs, and policies to improve the quality of health for all. Spearheaded by leading public health professor and registered dietitian Dr. Anastasia Snelling, this respected textbook addresses health disparities in disadvantaged communities and describes the features of the community-driven programs that will be necessary to address them. Unlike other books in the field, Introduction to Health Promotion delves into the complex, interwoven factors that influence health, including social and physical environments, medical advances, personal lifestyle choices, and legislation. This in-depth examination prepares and inspires health promotion students as they prepare for their careers.

• Provides a clear introduction to the essential topics and theories in health promotion
• Reviews the cultural and political landscape surrounding key health behaviors, including tobacco use, physical activity, and eating
• Explores current trends in health promotion, including telehealth, health disparities, new technologies, and the aging population
• Describes contemporary health promotion initiatives and provides an overview of health promotion settings and career opportunities

Ideal for students in health promotion, health education, and public health fields, Introduction to Health Promotion prepares learners with a comprehensive overview of the foundations, history, and current perspectives of health promotion, as well as its key methods and applications. Instructors will appreciate the online supplementary materials, facilitating course design.

The fractious and disorganized governmental response to the coronavirus pandemic in the United States prompted many observers to ask why the country - which had the knowledge, resources, and plans to deal with such an event - was caught so unprepared when the crisis struck.

In fact, as Andrew Lakoff shows, US officials had been planning for a pandemic for more than two decades, and many of these plans were implemented in the early stages of the pandemic. As authorities responded to the crisis, they relied on an already formulated set of concepts and tools that had been devised for managing a future emergency. These preexisting tools enabled officials to make sense of the event and to rapidly implement policies in response, but they also led to significant blind spots.

This textbook provides practical guidance to enable health professionals to support survivors of sexual violence. It gives insight into the complex and wide-ranging nature and experience of sexual violence, barriers to disclosure, and explores the implications for survivors, health professionals and healthcare organisations.

An evidence-based resource, this book provides information, guidance and signposting for all those who might receive disclosures of sexual violence, challenging perceptions, stigma and judgement. As well as discussing disclosure of recent experiences, it takes into account that life events may trigger the re-surfacing of prior experiences. The book also operates as a practical tool, prompting professionals to reflect on their own clinical experience of dealing with disclosures of sexual violence. The chapters look at the full breadth of sexual violence and abuse, including rape and sexual assault, child sexual abuse, harassment and stalking, exploitation, trafficking, conflict situations, traditional practices and sexual violence in LGBTQAI+ communitites.

Enabling readers to develop the necessary knowledge and understanding to inform their practice, this book is a comprehensive resource for all health professionals, across primary and secondary care. It is also a valuable text for those taking post-registration courses in sexual health, specialist community and public health nursing, district nursing, mental health and children's nursing among others. Reflection sections can be used to support professional registration revalidation.

Health Disparities, Disasters, and Crises: Approaches for a Culture of Preparedness presents a roadmap to help guide the actions needed to address health disparities introduced as part of the pre-planning, planning, and mitigation phases of natural and technological disasters.

With contributions from 30 scholars in disaster management in public health, this text explores how the intersectionality of health disparities of different socioeconomic and racial/ethnic groups and how social determinants help shape exposure, and vulnerability to pandemic disasters and crises. Supported by examples from across the world, chapters are supplemented with case studies of best practices, graphs, and tables. Each of the seven parts address different topics, including how disasters affect the poor, medically underserved, and racial/ethnic groups, the impact of health disparities, and the growing link between global health, disaster planning/mitigation, and global security.

Written for the benefit of undergraduate and graduate students, working professionals, and academics in the US and abroad, Health Disparities, Disasters, and Crises: Approaches for a Culture of Preparedness provides the best overall understanding of professional disaster management and safety for all citizens. It is also an ideal text for graduate and undergraduate courses in public health, public policy, medicine and nursing, healthcare administration, emergency management, emergency preparedness, homeland security, epidemiology, sociology, and medical sociology.

Offering a rarely seen glimpse into the realities of one of the biggest global public health crises in modern time, Wang's book focuses on doctor-patient interactions in China to demonstrate the potential effects of health communication, doctor-patient relationship, and a matrix of social factors on overprescription of antibiotics.

Based on a community-based survey, the book describes empirical findings regarding the high prevalence of non-prescribed antibiotics use for common colds among children in China. It covers the potential effects of overprescription on caregivers' attitudes and how physicians make prescribing decisions in medical consultations. Drawing from evidence in medical interaction data, readers are introduced to further empirical findings regarding the communicative behaviors that patient caregivers use to pressure for antibiotic prescriptions in real medical consultations. Following this, Wang reports findings regarding the communicative behaviors that physicians use to make treatment recommendations and caregivers use to launch treatment negotiations, leading to a discussion of the effect of the doctor-patient relationship on antibiotic overprescription. The book culminates in practice recommendations and provides teaching scenarios in which physicians successfully engage the caregivers into conversations to shape their expectations for antibiotic prescriptions in medical consultations.

An important resource for scholars and students in health communication, linguistics, medical humanities, and medical sociology. Practitioners who are interested in understanding and improving clinical practices as well as policymakers aiming to combat antibiotic resistance will also find this book useful.

The strange and surprising history of the so-called epidemic of bad posture in modern America-from eugenics and posture pageants to today's promoters of "paleo posture"

In 1995, a scandal erupted when the New York Times revealed that the Smithsonian possessed a century's worth of nude "posture" photos of college students. In this riveting history, Beth Linker tells why these photos were only a small part of the incredible story of twentieth-century America's largely forgotten posture panic-a decades-long episode in which it was widely accepted as scientific fact that Americans were suffering from an epidemic of bad posture, with potentially catastrophic health consequences. Tracing the rise and fall of this socially manufactured epidemic, Slouch also tells how this period continues to feed today's widespread anxieties about posture.

In the early twentieth century, the eugenics movement and fears of disability gave slouching a new scientific relevance. Bad posture came to be seen as an individual health threat, an affront to conventional race hierarchies, and a sign of American decline. What followed were massive efforts to measure, track, and prevent slouching and, later, back pain-campaigns that reached schools, workplaces, and beyond, from the creation of the American Posture League to posture pageants. The popularity of posture-enhancing products, such as girdles and lumbar supports, exploded, as did new fitness programs focused on postural muscles, such as Pilates and modern yoga. By 1970, student protests largely brought an end to school posture exams and photos, but many efforts to fight bad posture continued, despite a lack of scientific evidence.

A compelling history that mixes seriousness and humor, Slouch is a unique and provocative account of the unexpected origins of our largely unquestioned ideas about bad posture.

This book is the first of its kind to apply social contextual analysis to the issue of poverty. It sets out detailed accounts of poverty based on original research and shows how understanding life contexts can give us a deeper understanding of the issue.

The book highlights detailed life contexts from a project exploring the everyday experience of poverty, including what poverty is and what psychology has to say about poverty. It showcases work from an original study in Australia that uses on-the-ground participatory interview research, integrating this with international literature to provide a comprehensive analysis of poverty. The chapters explore the complexity, and often the simplistic reductions used in answering questions that try to define poverty, the psychological understanding of the phenomena, how individuals experience it, and the general opinion of the status-quo regarding poverty. However, most importantly the book tries to investigate why we have not solved poverty in modern, capitalist life, and sets out recommendations for research, practice, and policy in addressing issues of poverty.

Showing the need for rigorous and on-the-ground approaches to addressing poverty and its many complications, the book will be highly relevant to students and researchers in the fields of social psychology, critical psychology, community psychology, social work, and social policy. It will also be relevant for anyone interested in the application of social psychological research techniques to the understanding and intervention of social issues, by showing pathways to better explore and understand human behaviour.

Healthcare systems globally are grappling with how best to implement effective and efficient patient-centred care while simultaneously trying to contain runaway costs and provide high quality. This book explores the essential enabling role of digital health, taking a socio-technical perspective and looking at the key facets of technology, people and process in turn.

This book examines the opportunities of key digital health components, demystifying digital health and demonstrating how to use its key precepts effectively. The book presents evidence and anecdotes from stakeholders around the world, demonstrating the global relevance and the ability of digital health to uplift and upskill care delivery as it is applied commercially. Bridging academic theory and practice, this is a functional and accessible text for all digital health stakeholders.

The text introduces critical issues and is suitable reading for students, practitioners and researchers in digital health and all healthcare-related domains.

This important collection provides an epidemiological perspective on the continuing scope of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) in sub-Saharan Africa, alongside the clinical attempts to provide comprehensive care in a resource-limited setting.

The book moves from a clinical profile of SCD to screening for the disease and ongoing patient care. There are chapters on pain management, organ failure, infections and transfusions, as well as nutrition and neurocognitive complications. The book concludes with chapters on anti-sickness medication, cell transplantation and nursing care.

The first in a two-volume set offering a multi-disciplinary perspective on SCD, this is a comprehensive resource that applies clinical knowledge to the practical challenges faced in sub-Saharan Africa. It will be important reading for medical students taking courses in haematology as well as those studying Public Health in sub-Saharan Africa. Practitioners in the region will also find it invaluable in developing their understanding of this pervasive disease.

*** Awarded first place in the 2024 AJN Book of the Year Award in History and Public Policy ***

This important text draws on decades of research, arguing that modern nursing germinated and grew an ethics from its own native soil, which is rich, fulsome, and philosophically informed, grounded in the tradition and practice of nursing.

It is an ethics with a positive agenda for the good nurse, a good society, a healthy people, and human flourishing. This native nursing ethics was forgotten, creating space for a foreign bioethics' colonization of nursing in the second half of the twentieth century. Drawing from a wide range of sources from the USA, the UK, Canada, and Ireland, the book addresses the early and enduring ethical concerns, values, and ideals of nursing as a profession that engages in direct clinical practice and in developing policy. Fowler calls for reclaiming and renewing nursing's ethical tradition.

This systematic and comprehensive book is an essential contribution for students and scholars of nursing ethics.

A state-by-state analysis of the expansion of medical marijuana access in the United States
As of 2023, thirty-eight states and the District of Columbia have legalized the medical use of marijuana. Twenty-three have legalized recreational use, supporting what is now a flourishing multibillion-dollar industry. In Green Rush, Daniel J. Mallinson and A. Lee Hannah offer a fascinating history of cannabis legalization in America, highlighting the people, states, and policies that made these victories possible.
With sharp insight, Mallinson and Hannah explore the backdrop to this sea change in policy, including shifts in public opinion, growing opposition to the War on Drugs, the promise of new revenue streams, and more. They examine the complex web of state actors-and the steps they took-to chart a path forward for marijuana legalization, from grassroots activists and interest groups to elected officials and other key policymakers.
Mallinson and Hannah show us how states like Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia not only created, legitimized, and spread medical marijuana policy but also learned from each other's successes and failures throughout the process. As marijuana legalization increasingly finds its way onto state ballots, Green Rush offers fresh insight into how we got here as a country and where we are going-one state at a time.

Examines the forms of support, resources, and opportunities a person with mental illness requires to have the resilience needed for mental health recovery.

While resilience is traditionally understood as an inner trait that individuals possess inside themselves, Mental Health Resilience argues that resilience should be seen as the product of social factors, where other individuals and institutions provide the resources, opportunities, and support that enable resilience. Resilience is also partly a matter of justice, as people can only be resilient in addressing their vulnerabilities when they are given adequate resources and opportunities, and in just ways. Seen in this light, Abigail Gosselin examines what a person who has mental illness needs to have the resilience required for mental health recovery and for coping with life challenges in general. With its focus on the social and political conditions of resilience, Mental Health Resilience will appeal to fields such as social philosophy, feminist political philosophy, philosophy of psychiatry, medical humanities, bioethics, and disability studies.

This book examines the impact of epidemics in Africa, exploring some of the adaptation and crisis management strategies adopted to tackle COVID-19, Ebola, and HIV-AIDS. The authors reflect on lessons learned from solving complex problems and difficult decisions made by leaders on pandemic management to shape the security environment and, thus, the well-being of people living in Africa for years to come.

Drawing on cases from across the continent, the book demonstrates that, significantly, during the COVID-19 pandemic, African countries and communities frequently displayed regional solidarity, creativity in decision-making, decisiveness in dealing with corruption and opportunism, and resilience and discipline in implementation. Adopting a human security framework, the authors share their lived experiences and explore the impact of epidemics on public policy decision-making, foreign policy implementation, global relations, collaboration in the community dimension, and, ultimately, the future of socio-economic development in Africa.

This book will be a welcome addition for practitioners and researchers across the fields of security studies, health management, and African studies, making an essential contribution to the security discourse in a post-COVID world.

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available by KU 2024 under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Reveals the presence of an informal system of valuable support and care for marginalized migrants
The United States' health care system not only consists of a formal safety net, but also an informal and disjointed network of organizations that offer basic care to millions of migrants. This "Third Net" provides free or low-cost health care for the undocumented, low-income, and uninsured migrants who are excluded from the formal system. This groundbreaking study sheds light on the existence of the Third Net and its implications for the overall inequalities in the US health care system.
The Third Net is made up of diverse providers with varying levels of service, organizational culture, and mission. These providers operate in unconventional settings, such as mobile clinics on wheels; pop-up clinics in repurposed spaces; and unlicensed, makeshift clinics run by health activists. Despite their unassuming appearances, these clinics are vital resources for marginalized populations that often go unnoticed by the general public, revealing the shortcomings of our formal health care system.
By examining these alternative health care spaces, the authors expose the inequities entrenched in the broader health care system and urge a reevaluation of it entirely in order to address these injustices.

The Routledge Companion to Gender and COVID-19 is the first comprehensive research guide for researchers and students who seek to study and evaluate the complex relationship between gender and COVID-19.

This interdisciplinary collection touches on two major themes: first, how gender played a central role in shaping access to testing, treatment, and vaccines. Second, how the pandemic not only deepened existing gender inequalities, but also those along the lines of race, class, sexuality, disability, and immigration status.

Bringing together a diverse range of international scholars across a number of disciplinary perspectives, this intersectional and comparative focus on COVID explores topics including the pandemic's impact on families, employment, childcare and elder care, human rights, as well as gender and political economy and leadership, public health law, disability rights, and abortion access.

The Routledge Companion to Gender and COVID-19 is an essential volume for scholars and students of Law, Gender Studies, Sociology, Health, Economics, and Politics.

With over 30 years of experience in global health programming and teaching, the author offers practical and insightful guidance in this unique book for managing global health projects in resource-constrained settings.

Beginning with an overview of fundamental principles, the book delves deeply into a 'nuts and bolts' approach to health project management. From building project teams and developing detailed activity plans to evaluating health projects and report writing, this book brings the readers a wealth of knowledge they can use to manage health projects. Besides a list of key takeaways and discussion questions, each chapter features a case study exercise from real life situation where readers can picture themselves as project managers, sharpening their understanding of concepts and strategies.

Timely and original, this book is an essential resource for university students of global health courses preparing to manage global health projects in low- and middle-income countries, as well as for newly engaged project managers.

This fascinating collection examines the socio-economic factors that impact the well-being of patients with Sickle-Cell Disease (SCD) in sub-Saharan Africa, and the critical importance of patient advocacy in the region.

The book looks at a number of key issues, including the social determinants that influence the spread of the disease, the quality of life of children with SCD, the impact of stigma, and the broader psychosocial burden of such a prevalent condition. There are also chapters on policy and Public Health management, including collaborations with NGOs and global partners.

The second in a two-volume set offering a multi-disciplinary perspective on SCD, this insightful collection highlights many of the hidden issues faced across the region. It will be important reading for students of both Public Health and Medicine, as well as practitioners working for governments or NGOs.

This book offers a timely and compelling look at religion and poverty, focusing primarily on the two largest world religions, Christianity and Islam, and considering religion and poverty in the United States and international contexts.

Written by social scientists, the book incorporates relevant theology with a focus on how theology is lived in relation to issues of poverty. Topics include religion as it relates to social service provision, lived religion, philanthropy, faith-based social movements, public policy, and more. This volume synthesizes existing research on religion and poverty and includes new original research.

It is an essential resource for upper-level undergraduate or graduate courses focused on religion and poverty and is also an outstanding supplementary text for broader courses in religion, poverty, social welfare, philanthropy, and non-profit organizations.

Chapter [#1, 2 and 5] of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.