社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

A 100-year history of enraging injustices and inspiring campaigns: the fight for British disability rights isn't over.
From the 'crippled suffragette', to '80s punks chaining themselves to buses, to campaigners taking a stand online, this book celebrates the amazing activists and protest actions behind the UK's long battle for disabled people's rights to live.

Rachel Charlton-Dailey highlights a shockingly overlooked tradition of disabled struggle. She unpacks how British attitudes and policy went so wrong in the twenty-first century, and interviews campaigners and disabled people about how they have reclaimed power, from resisting government reforms to changing the media narrative. She explores live frontiers in the push for civil rights--from the scandalous inaccessibility of our education and transport systems, to the existential debates about genetic screening and 'the right to die'.

In this powerful book, honouring past disability activism becomes a call to action. Charlton-Dailey shows readers how hard, and how often, disabled people and their allies have fought, and won. She gives them the energy to keep fighting back.

Fueled by the recent cost of living crisis and compounding social policy challenges, absolute poverty measurement is rapidly gaining relevance in many advanced economies. Focusing on individuals' and households' minimum financial needs, absolute measures of poverty are well suited to support adequate social protection schemes and time-consistent social monitoring.

The current open access publication gives a comprehensive overview of the art and science of absolute poverty measurement in an EU-wide context. It summarizes the lessons learnt from the ABSPO exploratory research project carried out by the European Commission, tasked with designing and implementing the first cross-country comparable measurement of absolute poverty in the EU. Presented as a methodological handbook for practitioners and social policy experts, the relevant material covers all aspects of the measurement process and offers a novel framework, innovative methodologies and pioneering data analysis. Taking a decidedly forward-looking and international approach to poverty thinking, ABSPO measurement tools help identify new forms and patterns of social exclusion among European societies that call for further research, improved social monitoring and effective policy action.

This timely volume brings together well-established scholars and emerging voices to explore research methods and ethics in Neurodiversity Studies. It explores the epistemic injustice that currently surrounds much knowledge production around neurodivergence, and offers concrete examples of creative, participatory, and collaborative research practice in the field. The editors have assembled chapters combining reflexive, theoretical, and practical contributions. Together they address current debates surrounding participatory methods and Neurodiversity Studies and are unique in giving voice to mainly neurodivergent researchers and contributors across autism, ADHD, acquired brain injury, and multiple neurodivergence.
The first of its kind, this much-needed volume contains essential reading for all those learning and teaching in the field of neurodiversity. It further represents a valuable resource for students and academics at all levels, participatory or creative researchers, research commissioners, and research evidence users across the social sciences.

This edited collection brings together leading voices in the field of medicine and coaching to highlight the growing challenges healthcare professionals face today, providing practical coaching tools and approaches to empower physicians to not only survive but thrive in the 21st century. Combining the knowledge of two professions, healthcare and coaching, the contributors offer a detailed analysis and discussion of the growing issues in the healthcare industry, demonstrating how coaching principles can be implemented to help improve physician leadership, well-being, performance, personal and professional happiness, and positive patient outcomes. Chapters address key topics such as burnout, resilience, emotional intelligence, career coaching, team coaching, and best practice approaches when working with the unique challenges of coaching physicians. Filled with case studies, definitions, summaries, and key points throughout, this book provides solutions to manage the surmounting challenges we are seeing in healthcare across the world today. This book is essential reading for all coaches working with physicians, healthcare executives, nurses, and allied health professionals.

This book examines why and how different countries developed different policy positions and responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in the early phase, by surveying a sample of countries that are geographically, politically, and culturally diverse, particularly those representing the East and the West.

Exploring nine countries, namely four Western countries (Finland, Germany, United States, and Sweden) and five Asia-Pacific countries (Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam), contributors to this comprehensive new book compare and contrast similarities and differences in political systems, (de)centralization, policy responses, citizen engagement, and other factors. Written by experts on public policy within each of the counties explored, the chapters investigate how policy responses may be linked to the spread of the virus and fatalities in each location, drawing lessons from those experiences. Coercive tools (border control, school closure, movement constraints), incentive tools (emergency assistance, economic boosting assistance), and informative and facilitative tools (public information campaigns for social distancing, mask wearing) are all explored. In addition to policy responses, other contributing factors are carefully weighed, including national health care systems, applications of digital technology, institutional arrangements and governance systems, and political and civic culture.

This book is required reading for undergraduate and graduate students interested in comparative public policy and public governance, as well as policy-makers, government officials, and nonprofit workers in both developed and developing countries.

The United States is a bastion of commercial surrogacy. Intended parents from all over the globe travel to the United States seeking to build a family. However, they must navigate a complicated, convoluted industry that consists of hundreds of fertility clinics, surrogacy, and egg donor agencies, as well as new forms of business that have appeared to ease the efficiency of a long, drawn-out process.
Mobility in North American Surrogacy: A Fertile Global Industry examines the multiple players involved in global surrogacy contracts between international intended parents who opt to create a family with the help and labor of surrogates from the United States. This market remains the final frontier of commercial surrogacy, while other reproductive hubs only allow for altruistic surrogacy. The author considers the mobility and immobility experienced by intended parents, egg donors, surrogates, and professionals whose intimate labor fosters connections across economic, geographic, and social divisions. Based on four years of ethnographic research that also spans the globe, the author argues for a more nuanced consideration of the ethics of surrogacy.

The Research Handbook brings together diverse disciplinary perspectives from an array of international expert contributors, including business and economics, engineering and public policy, psychology and sociology. It offers ways to inspect health information systems through different lenses, such as activity theory, affordance theory, cognitive-socio-technical theory, complexity theory, implementation science, and trust. It describes the use of specialised techniques in health information systems research, such as ethnography, patient journey mapping, participatory methods, process mining, and social media analysis.

The Research Handbook on Health Information Systems is an indispensable resource for academics and students of information science and data science who have a particular interest in technological transformation of health care, digital health management, and health service innovation. Researchers in clinical fields, public health, health administration and health informatics will similarly benefit from this important resource.

Nursing informatics is the specialty that integrates nursing science with multiple information management and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage, and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice. It allows nurses to deliver evidence-based and patient-centered care, improve human health, and advance medical research. It also enhances clinical workflows so that nurses and other personnel can care for patients more efficiently and effectively.

Some of the benefits of nursing informatics include a reduction in medical errors, lowered costs, improved nurse productivity, and better care coordination among nurses, physicians, pharmacists, and others throughout various care stages. Empowering Nurses with Technology: A Practical Guide to Nurse Informatics is a comprehensive guidebook for nurses and healthcare professionals looking to understand the role of technology in modern nursing practices. This book covers the basics of healthcare technology, including electronic health records (EHRs), telehealth, and mobile health applications. This book offers practical advice for implementing technology in nursing workflows, as well as strategies for training and engaging nursing staff in the use of new technology. It also explores the impact of technology on patient care and outcomes, discussing topics such as patient safety, privacy, and data security.

This book provides a useful resource for nurses seeking to leverage technology to improve the quality and efficiency of their care while also enhancing their professional development and job satisfaction.

Cybersecurity and Data Science Innovations for Sustainable Development of HEICC: Healthcare, Education, Industry, Cities, and Communities brings together a collection of chapters that explore the intersection of cybersecurity, data science, and sustainable development across key sectors: healthcare, education, industry, cities, and communities. It delves into cybersecurity advancements and examines how innovations in cybersecurity are shaping the landscape of healthcare, education, industry, and urban environments. Data science advancements take center stage, showcasing the transformative power of data analytics in improving outcomes across HEICC sectors. Whether it's optimizing resource allocation in healthcare, protecting patient privacy, personalizing learning experiences in education, enhancing efficiency in industry, or fostering sustainable development in cities and communities, data science offers unprecedented opportunities for innovation and progress.

Key points:

• Healthcare system security and privacy, protecting patient data, and enabling development of novel healthcare solutions
• Securing educational data, improving online learning security, and harnessing data analytics for tailored education approaches
• Manufacturing, finance, and transportation. Diving into critical infrastructure security, detecting and mitigating cyber threats, and using data-driven insights for better industrial operations
• Helping cities and communities develop sustainably, smart city security challenges, data privacy in urban environments, data analytics for urban planning, and community cybersecurity awareness

This book serves as a comprehensive guide for researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and stakeholders navigating the complex landscape of cybersecurity and data science in the pursuit of sustainable development across HEICC domains.

This book is for everyone who is concerned about the successful future of a very special institution - the National Health Service (NHS). It provides the reader with an overview of the complexity of healthcare delivery, and the crucial influence that fairness should have on healthcare planning. The National Health Service Act was approved by Clement Attlee's Labour Government on 5 July 1948. It was created in a great post-war spirit of community with the aim of providing free care at the point of need for everyone, rich or poor. However, right from the start the NHS has faced issues in tackling the challenges that arise in trying to be fair, and of how greater equity in healthcare can be achieved.

The focus is on issues of fairness and equity in healthcare in the NHS, what fairness and equity mean both generally and in the organisational context. It begins with chapters on the inequalities that exist in UK healthcare delivery today. Then a series of chapters focuses on different elements of fairness in healthcare: governance, policy, and leadership; finance and financing; healthcare delivery; the key behaviours required of those working in the NHS and importantly, the patient perspectives.

The conclusions and recommendations will be of great interest to health and social care practice staff, health and social care managers and leaders, politicians and policy makers, health and social care specialists, operational managers within the system, NHS boards and healthcare governors, integrated care providers, primary, continuity and specialist providers, and charities in the healthcare sector. It will also be of interest to academics and others involved in training, research and development, students studying health, social care, and management and to the wider public: to everyone who is concerned about the successful future of a very special institution - the National Health Service.

Focusing on different dominant strategies, chapter authors analyze how innovative approaches might be employed to reorganize, retain, reduce, replace, and recruit workers. They assess each strategy in terms of promoting the right to care and explore limitations on the right to access quality care services and the right to provide quality long-term care. Ultimately, they argue that the conditions of work are the conditions of care, conditions that include the overall structures, policies and practices that shape the work and care.

The Labour Crisis in Long-term Care is a thought-provoking book that will appeal to students and researchers in health services, aging, labour policy, sociology of work and social work. Managers, researchers and leaders in health care and health policy decision-makers will also benefit from this important resource.

Climate Change in an Aging Society is the first book fully devoted to the impact of climate change on those who are old today-and those who will be old in decades to come. In doing so, Moody focuses on issues of critical importance: aging in place; health and age in a warming world; responsibility for the climate crisis; options for climate-conscious consumers; planning for investment for a green retirement; and opportunities for political action.

The number of Americans aged over 65 is projected to rise from 17% to 21%. By 2060 nearly one in four Americans will be 65 or older. By 2050, however, average temperatures in the USA could rise by as much as 3 degreesC, and extreme weather events are likely to become more frequent and severe. Despite these alarming projections and the likelihood that climate change will cause serious health issues among the elderly, little attention has been devoted to the impact of climate change on this demographic. Employing a life-course perspective and a cross-generational approach, Moody assesses the impact of climate change on those who are old today and those who will be old in years to come. Challenging both climate complacency and climate defeatism, the book adopts as its clarion call, HERE NOW YOU HOPE.

Written in an engaging personal style with highlighting case studies of influential "eco-elders," this urgent book will be of great interest to students and scholars with interests in climate change, gerontology, and environmental and social policy.

This important new textbook provides comparative and critical analysis of health care policy from high-income countries in Europe to low-income developing countries in the Global South.

It integrates conceptual themes drawn from the fields of sociology, policy analysis, and political science to offer a unique combination of theory, historical background, and wider social commentary. The book is divided into three sections:

• Section I establishes the conceptual basis for the analysis of the health policymaking process, including implementation.
• Section II provides an introduction to the key elements of conducting a comparative health system's analysis, including chapters that provide examples of performance analysis in both high- and low-income developing countries.
• Section III examines key challenges now facing health policy-makers that include long-term social care provision, widening the scope of public health to address social inequalities in health outcome, the integration of genomic medicine within a health care system, and the establishment of an effective national pharmaceutical policy.

Each chapter includes case studies, historical-institutional contexts, and summaries of key health policies. Detailed and clearly written, it is the ideal text for health and social science students in this expanding area of analysis.

This book provides a collection of interventions from researchers' and clinicians' health humanities experiences, and makes their methods available to home and institutional caregivers to aid interactions with the elderly, particularly persons diagnosed with dementia.

As a revolutionary perspective connecting medical training and treatment with lessons from the humanities, medical humanities emphasizes the treatment and care of disease, the "science of the human," and offers an integrated approach to health professional education that include lessons from comparative religion, history, literature, philosophy, the visual and performing arts.

Highlighting the needs of persons with dementia and their caregivers, this compilation shows how the arts can play a primary role in empowering families and communities to offer creative and meaningful care within their own homes and communities. Each chapter provides an overview of a specific creative application (reading and commonplacing; storytelling; intergenerational musical activities; Bingocize (R); haiku making; and animatronic pet activities), the evidence-based support for its benefits, and clear and accessible instructions for the reader. These methods offer insightful approaches to care in which skills such as active listening can provide in-roads to patient experiences as well as an array of creative approaches to ameliorate the physical and mental consequences of isolation and loneliness that too often accompany aging and disease.

This text will be of interest to healthcare workers and allied health professionals, healthcare administrators and family members.

Bringing together 54 of the world's leading scholars in this field, this multidisciplinary Research Handbook acknowledges the increasing interest in homelessness across various academic disciplines and highlights the constant evolution of this issue, as well as the research methods that accompany it. Contributing authors discuss homelessness image control, the cost of homelessness and the role of the welfare state, as well as a seminal section dedicated to the impact of COVID-19 on homelessness policy and research. Looking ahead, the book points to future research possibilities which will address the structural factors that drive homelessness and encourage effective reforms of social housing systems.

This insightful book is a vital read for academics, researchers and students specialising in welfare economics, human geography, health policy and economics, and comparative social policy. Including a breadth of research summaries and case studies, the book will also be invaluable to policy makers working in the homelessness field and in allied areas such as health and justice.

A Brief Social History of Tuberculosis delves into the history of tuberculosis and its impact on human populations.

Drawing on research and expert experiences, the three research chapters (3-5) will explore how the disease has affected communities throughout history, and how society has responded to the threat of tuberculosis over time. Tuberculosis has been a persistent and devastating force from the crowded cities of the Industrial Revolution to the present day. However, this book will argue that there is much to be learned from the successes and failures of past efforts to control the disease from a social perspective. By examining the history of tuberculosis, researchers and policymakers can gain valuable insights into the challenges of infectious disease control, as well as the social and political factors that shape our response to such challenges.

This volume will focus on generating critical discussions among scholars, researchers, and policymakers: it will be informative, engaging, and an essential read for anyone interested in the history of medicine, public health, and the ongoing struggle against infectious diseases worldwide.

Applying a critical materialist social science approach, contributors consider the sources and effects of a range of social determinants, their quality and distribution, and how they come to shape health outcomes. They highlight relevant and contemporary areas, including global health, the idea of COVID as a political economy event, and health in a neoliberalizing world. Ultimately, they identify ways to improve health through political and social change.

The Handbook on the Social Determinants of Health is a crucial resource for academics and researchers in the social sciences, including the sociology of health, political economy, political sociology, public policy, and social epidemiology. It will also be of interest to students in medicine and other health professions.

An interdisciplinary and international range of authors investigate disparities in mortality, healthcare spending, domestic violence, and mental health for people of different genders, ethnicities, immigration statuses, and age, providing novel contributions to post-pandemic scholarship and introducing innovative empirical research. They emphasize the effect of the pandemic on the labor market, including the ramifications on minority and migrant employment and the gender-specific outcomes of working from home. The Handbook also underscores the negative and heterogeneous effects of the pandemic on school enrollment, student well-being, and academic performance across all school ages. Ultimately, this Handbook provides a detailed overview of contemporary post-pandemic research into inequality.

The Handbook on Inequality and COVID-19 is an essential read for academics, scholars, and researchers of public and social policy, particularly those focusing on health policy, economics, education, and inequality.

International in scope, the Handbook outlines the foundational concepts and ethical constructs of social work research methods before analysing them through a variety of theoretical lenses, including feminism, queer theory, social justice and radicalism. It assesses effective methods and methodologies in practice, examining quantitative, mixed methods, documentary and active participatory approaches. Contributing authors consider social work research in complex situations and discuss the compound ethical challenges facing such projects, proposing key areas for development in this field such as the use of critical reflection, greater understanding of the ever-present power imbalance, and the social worker as a practical researcher.

The Handbook of Research Methods in Social Work is a vital resource for students and academics specialising in qualitative and quantitative research methods in social work, sociology and social policy. Its assessment of real-life social work projects makes it an invaluable reference for professionals and policymakers operating in the social work setting.

Introduction to Regression Methods for Public Health Using R teaches regression methods for continuous, binary, ordinal, and time-to-event outcomes using R as a tool. Regression is a useful tool for understanding the associations between an outcome and a set of explanatory variables, and regression methods are commonly used in many fields, including epidemiology, public health, and clinical research. The focus of this book is on understanding and fitting regression models, diagnosing model fit, and interpreting and writing up results. Examples are drawn from public health and clinical studies. Designed for students, researchers, and practitioners with a basic understanding of introductory statistics, this book teaches the basics of regression and how to implement regression methods using R, allowing the reader to enhance their understanding and begin to grasp new concepts and models.

The text includes an overview of regression (Chapter 2); how to examine and summarize the data (Chapter 3), simple (Chapter 4) and multiple (Chapter 5) linear regression; binary, ordinal, and conditional logistic regression, and log-binomial regression (Chapter 6); Cox proportional hazards regression (survival analysis) (Chapter 7); handling data arising from a complex survey design (Chapter 8); and multiple imputation of missing data (Chapter 9). Each chapter closes with a comprehensive set of exercises.

Key Features:

• Comprehensive coverage of the most commonly used regression methods, as well as how to use regression with complex survey data or missing data
• Accessible to those with only a first course in statistics
• Serves as a course textbook, as well as a reference for public health and clinical researchers seeking to learn regression and/or how to use R to do regression analyses
• Includes examples of how to diagnose the fit of a regression model
• Includes examples of how to summarize, visualize, table, and write up the results
• Includes R code to run the examples