社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

A fascinating guide to the history of drugs and medicines, the science of how they work, and the way they've shaped healthcare and society

Today, drugs are a ubiquitous tool in all our lives, from the highly specialised gene therapies used to treat hitherto incurable disease to the common painkillers we take to relieve fevers and headaches. But healing plants and herbs have been revered since time immemorial, and have been used for as long as people have experienced illness. Over the last century our understanding of these therapeutic wonders has developed at astonishing speed, and so the science of pharmacology was born.

Esteemed scientist Rod Flower guides us through the fascinating history of the discipline and shows us how drugs really work. How are medicines developed, and what gives scientists the confidence their therapies will function as intended? What happens inside our bodies when we ingest these mysterious chemicals, and how have they shaped the progress of societies across the world?

This accessible introduction to the science of drugs reveals their intriguing inner workings and celebrates their remarkable healing power.

Declines in childbearing, coupled with increases in life expectancy, have resulted in a demographic shift which is being felt around the globe - the growth of the elderly population. As family members reach their elderly years, they frequently find themselves in need of various forms of assistance. In many countries, governments attempt to provide such assistance - financial, instrumental, and other varieties. However, elderly people commonly turn to their own families, as loved ones are viewed as being the most reliable and immediate source of assistance and support. The provision of such assistance to elderly family members, however, often creates a wide array of tensions and dilemmas. Given the rapid growth of the elderly population, it is essential that greater research attention be focused upon elder care.

This edited collection provides a broad examination of elder care and the family. Including diverse theoretical and methodological chapters which explore the many issues pertaining to elder care, the collection covers topics such as financial strains of elder care, healthcare decision making, the impact of elder care upon family relationships, family communication, mobility and family residence, stress and burnout, gender differences in the provision of elder care, elder abuse, mental deterioration and family care, decision-making about elder residence, stressors related to care providers, and elderly well-being and family care, among others.

Elder Care and the Family: Relationships, Support, and Strain is appealing reading for scholars of family sociology, the sociology of education, and childhood and youth alike.

Alcohol is everywhere-in our everyday lives, in public debates and, increasingly, at the centre of public health policy.

This book critically examines alcohol as a contemporary research and policy object. It argues that drinking is governed through heavily freighted concepts such as risk, wellbeing, gender and race. The authors interrogate dominant disciplinary sobriety and moderation frameworks, highlighting the overlooked aspects of sociability, pleasure and self-transformation.

In scrutinizing the intensifying public health spotlight on alcohol, the authors issue a call to rethink what it means to live "well" in an era when health is both a personal imperative and a regulatory discourse.

This book offers insights into what it means and how to understand and measure quality of life (QoL) in the context of Mexico, taking into account its history, culture, and demographic characteristics. It also describes current research on different topics related to QoL and looks at future research developments that are important to engage with. It especially highlights the contributions that a perspective from Mexico can make to the world and looks into developing public policy to improve QoL. The book is divided into three parts: State of the Art, Dimensions of QoL, and Future Developments. This book is of interest to all QoL and wellbeing researchers not only in Mexico and Latin America but to those across the global South, and elsewhere, and to decision-makers looking at social indicators relevant for policy and community development.

This book discusses a new theoretical understanding of gender-based discrimination. It introduces the concept of quietism- a form of discrimination that occurs in the workplace using gendered norms and values. Drawing on a sample of twenty-five Black disabled women in England with the genetically inherited condition of sickle cell, it uses a materialist feminist disability studies perspective and critical race theory to explore identity-based discrimination in work environments. Comprehensive yet accessible, this short volume explains how intersectionalities of identities become implicated in discriminations in: pregnancy, maternity and caring penalties; visible racisms; gendered access to the labour market and workplace norms; and even in the invisible anticipatory actions to be able to stay well and in employment.

The authors explore how voices of resistance to workplace discrimination are silenced through gendered attitudes, institutionally or within office cultures, such as bullying, racism, ignoring of complaints, using sexism and lookism to reduce women to their bodies, emotional manipulation, and the stereotyping of women. The final chapter problematises legal remedies for victims of quietism and guides the reader through new forms of legal protection that should be implemented, making this an invaluable read for academics and students in gender studies, disability studies, business and management, and race studies, as well as legal and HR professionals.

This is an interdisciplinary textbook that examines the relationship between globalization and social, political, economic, and environmental health determinants. This new edition of Global Health Governance and Policy: An Introduction provides a unique insight into the global systems and processes that ultimately affect peoples' health.

Comprehensive and far-reaching, the book offers a concise overview of the structure, functioning, and the role of the main governmental, intergovernmental, hybrid and non-state transnational actors, analyzing how they shape health policy and governance across the globe. Updated to reflect important changes since the COVID-19 pandemic, this second edition expands the analysis of specific health issues of global relevance, such as ecosystemic challenges, the global transformation of the food-system, the spread of infectious diseases, the tobacco and substance abuse epidemic, human migration, the increasing levels of social and economic inequality, the global financial crisis, and trade and access to drugs. It looks in further depth into digital health and the rise of artificial intelligence, the geopolitical impact of regional conflicts, and the challenge of infodemics.

Providing an overview of health systems in the global landscape, global health financing, and career opportunities in global health, this fascinating textbook is as an essential reading for students of all levels and professionals from a variety of disciplines with and interest in global health.

Drawing on vivid historical episodes and interdisciplinary insights, this book provides an accessible yet comprehensive narrative of the intricate relationship between diseases and the course of Chinese history.

From devastating pandemics to lesser-known medical crises that quietly redirected political decisions and cultural norms, the book traces how pathogens have reshaped the trajectory of Chinese history over the millennia. Through compelling storytelling and rich archival materials, the author reveals how population density, trade, warfare, environmental change and early globalisation both accelerated the spread of disease and drove innovations in public health, medical practice and state governance. It examines ancient quarantine systems, the rise and fall of hospitals, the challenges faced by female physicians, and the medical myths surrounding emperors and scholars. It also explores how misconceptions, fear and rumour influenced social order. Beyond medical history, the book explores how ordinary individuals and entire civilisations responded to uncertainty, mortality and hope, shedding light on disease as both a threat to human life and a catalyst for historical change.

This valuable reference work is essential reading for researchers and students of Chinese history and medical humanities, particularly those interested in traditional Chinese medicine, social and cultural history, medical anthropology, and the sociology of health and illness.

Rethinking Health articulates a new framework for conceptualizing and understanding health that unifies previously disparate areas of scientific research such as health psychology, positive psychology, neurogastroenterology, public health, environmental sciences, and social justice.

Integrating perspectives from health psychology, public health, clinical psychology, environmental sciences and critical studies, it stimulates new thinking about the micro and macro determinants of health. It synthesizes person-level processes with social ecological variables to address such issues as the impact of climate change and health inequality.

Suitable for upper-level students in health psychology, abnormal psychology and public health, it will also inspire new hypotheses for health research as well as guide public health priorities and public policy

Diseases Have No Eyes investigates how communities in Central Valley, California deal with Valley Fever, a painful illness caused by a soil fungus. The airborne disease's symptoms can last from two months to a patient's lifetime and may be fatal. Nearly a third of the national cases are reported in California, where those infected are disproportionately farmworkers and people incarcerated in the region. Poverty, pollution, and prison expose these groups to cumulative environmental and health risks that deny Valley Fever patients adequate medical treatment.

Sarah M. Rios examines how these populations face racial health disparities and develop strategies of care. She connects environmental justice activists as well as prison advocates and abolitionists who mobilize protests and issue calls to action to the past and ongoing efforts for medical autonomy and healthy communities. Diseases Have No Eyes emphasizes that vulnerable groups have developed an expertise and understanding of Valley Fever out of necessity. In the process, these community members offer an alternative public health response that extends beyond the individual body.

In the series Insubordinate Spaces

Poverty is a root cause and effect of many social inequalities in the UK, due to the disproportionate impact on those living in poverty of their access to basic resources, services and opportunities. This important book covers a wide range of experiences relating to the everyday realities of living in poverty, providing timely and relevant insights for all areas of social work practice.

Written by those with lived experience of poverty, each chapter dives into a key topic related to poverty in the UK, including parenting, schooling, housing and homelessness, mental health, cancer, disability, trauma and addiction, as well as discussions related to being in prison, a refugee, a carer, or care experienced. Taken together, these insights will help readers to develop and inform their appreciation of the challenges and potential solutions required to advocate for those in poverty.

Offering bitesize formal knowledge on UK legislation and policy, alongside reflective activities which foster criticality and transformative learning, this book will be of great interest to professionals, academics and students in the fields of social work, social care, health, education, police work and media, as well as students and academics of sociology and the social sciences more broadly.

This groundbreaking guide introduces health researchers and students to innovative photography-based research methods in healthcare, capitalising on photographic techniques'advantages over traditional approaches. The book provides a structured framework currently lacking in healthcare research, offering comprehensive guidance for navigating this emerging methodological landscape.
Photography-Based Approaches in Health Research: Techniques and Applications explores diverse photography-based methodologies, including photo-elicitation, photovoice, visual ethnography, photographic collage, and photo-storytelling. It examines the interconnection between photography and phenomenology in health research, providing historical context while exploring future developments in artificial intelligence applications. Authentic case studies from the author's mental health research and lived experience enhance real-world applicability, while the final chapter offers practical exercises for immediate application. A dedicated chapter addresses the complex ethical considerations inherent in photographic research methods.
This essential resource serves health researchers, graduate students, and academics in public health, nursing, medicine, psychology, and health and allied professions. The practical guidance for planning, designing, and conducting photography-based research makes it invaluable for qualitative researchers, visual methodologists, and anyone seeking to integrate visual and textual data in healthcare and well-being studies, offering clear frameworks for formulating research questions, collecting and analysing data, and reporting findings.

This book examines the paradox whereby spiritual afflictions (conditions attributed to ancestors, jinns, spirits, witchcraft, and other intangible entities) remain central to everyday therapeutic worlds in Africa and the diaspora, yet are routinely sidelined or rendered invisible in official public health policies and global health agendas.

Drawing on ethnographic research in Cameroon, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Zanzibar, and African diasporic communities in Europe, the book's contributors analyse how people navigate intertwined therapeutic worlds in which invisible forces and biomedical logics coexist, collide, or bypass one another. It conceptualizes public health as a domain of ongoing epistemic struggle, examining how policies, legislation, and clinical encounters enact limited recognition and integration that keep spiritual healing subordinate even when they claim to include it. At the same time, the chapters illuminate vernacular governance, popular epistemologies, and informal infrastructures of care through which communities negotiate forms of accountability, regulate healers, and sustain therapeutic legitimacy beyond the clinic and the state. Ethnography is positioned here as an epistemic infrastructure in its own right, capable of unsettling dominant assumptions and opening space for more equitable, plural public health futures.

The book speaks to scholars and students in anthropology, political science, and public health, as well as clinicians, policymakers, and practitioners in global health and development. It offers conceptual and methodological tools for rethinking what counts as evidence, legitimate care, and public health expertise, inviting readers to imagine health institutions that are attentive to plural epistemologies and responsive to the lived realities of those navigating diverse therapeutic worlds.

This title offers cross-disciplinary visions and insights into the implications of housing policy across continents, through accounts of the lived experience of homelessness and housing stress.

Consisting of twenty chapters, visual essays and manifestos from a range of viewpoints inspired by the introductory Homefullness manifesto, this timely collection explores experiences of and approaches to homelessness and housing stress and presents Homefullness as a positive lens to work towards inclusive, affordable and sustainable communities where everyone has a home. It covers a diverse range of topics including supporting cross-disciplinary thinking and innovation in the areas of homelessness and housing stress. The diverse provocative international thinking, research and practice included here explores the importance of community solidarity, mutual aid, and the meaning of home.

This book will be ideal for students, scholars, researchers and practitioners across multiple disciplines and will appeal to readers with interests in the areas of social justice, art, design, activism, homelessness, housing stress, housing policy and provision, human rights and community development.

Drawing on international research and practice, this fully updated new edition of Domestic and Family Violence: A Critical Introduction to Knowledge and Practice examines current debates and research evidence around domestic and family violence, including sexual violence, non-fatal strangulation, and coercive control and explores current legislative reforms.

Taking an intersectional perspective, it addresses the deepening gender debate surrounding domestic and family violence and evolving construct of masculinity, new LGBTIQA+ research, and adolescent violence. It also examines victim challenges-including new research on male victimisation-support requirements, and implications for holistic service responses.

Domestic and Family Violence provides a necessary update and will be an important resource to students and scholars of criminology, sociology, and social work engaged in studies of domestic and family violence.

This book examines how the authoritarian regimes of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan exploited the Covid-19 pandemic to consolidate their political control over Central Asia. Through restrictive policies and strategic manipulation, these governments reshaped the region's politics and societies during 2020-2022.

This volume offers readers an insight into three key areas where Central Asia's pandemic power grab was most visible: mobility control, whereby restrictive legislation limited freedom of movement and suppressed dissent; authoritarian information flows, whereby COVID-19-related measures aligned media and digital information to government messaging, further curtailing freedom of expression; and the international politics of the pandemic, whereby the regimes capitalised on global instability to strengthen their kleptocratic hold over Central Asia's politics and society. This book provides a detailed analysis of these strategies, offering a compelling exploration of how crises can be used to entrench authoritarianism.

It is ideal for scholars, students, and professionals in political science, international relations, and Central Asian Studies. The book is also valuable to readers interested in understanding the intersection between public health crises and authoritarian governance.

The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

This volume explores the transformative potential of emerging technologies in achieving SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation, a foundational goal of the UN Agenda 2030. This volume investigates how smart technologies- including artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, big data analytics, blockchain, and remote sensing-are reshaping water resource management, sanitation systems, and wastewater treatment across diverse geographies. As one of the first comprehensive works to address the synergy between technological innovation and sustainable water solutions, this book is an essential resource for academics, researchers, engineers, and policy professionals. It offers practical insights for national and local governments, NGOs, and industry leaders aiming to implement inclusive, efficient, and climate-resilient water and sanitation infrastructure. By bridging global gaps in access to clean water, this work supports the collective mission toward universal health, environmental sustainability, and human dignity.

Key Features:

• Focuses on SDG 6 and Smart Technologies
• Explains Multidisciplinary and Global Perspectives
• Reviews Case Studies and Real-World Applications
• Discusses Policy and Implementation Guidance
• Bridges Academia and Practice
• Supports UN 2030 Agenda and Climate Resilience

Apply AI and Psychological Science to reduce health disparities through community-based prevention strategies

Transforming Community Health with Psychology and AI explores how AI can become a powerful ally in working towards healthier, more equitable communities. The book investigates how AI can help us not just find and analyze health-related information, but also understand people deeply in culturally sensitive ways. Rather than replacing human connection with technology, this book envisions AI as a compassionate partner for health workers.

The book begins with the pre-AI period of community-based approaches to health disparities. It then continues with real-world examples and case studies of how communities can use AI technologies to bridge gaps in care, promote mental well-being, and, most importantly, prevent illnesses before they occur. At its heart, this book aims to put humanity back into technology. It asks the audience to imagine if AI tools were designed with compassion, inclusion, and trust as its foundation. The author invites readers to imagine a future where innovation truly serves everyone, offering a hopeful look at how human-centered innovation can heal.

Readers will find:

• Frameworks for implementing AI as a compassionate partner for community health workers serving marginalized populations with limited healthcare access
• Case studies showing how communities use AI technologies to promote mental well-being and prevent illness before it occurs
• Analysis of social determinants, including socioeconomic status, education, employment, housing, and nutrition that drive persistent health disparities
• Guidance on designing culturally sensitive AI tools that understand diverse populations deeply while maintaining human connection and trust
• Strategies for integrating psychological science with technology to create human-centered innovations that serve all community members equitably

Health psychologists, public health practitioners, community health workers, and researchers examining technology's role in health equity will find actionable frameworks that help to create healthier, more equitable communities through prevention-focused, culturally responsive approaches.

The seventh edition of The Practice of Generalist Social Work expands its foundational and cohesive coverage of social work values, ethics, competencies, and behaviors as they relate to and function within diverse practice settings. Through a strengths-based perspective, students are given a comprehensive overview of the important roles, skills, and practice considerations for professional work with various clients, and the extensive description and examples provided at each stage of the helping process show how these apply to real-life settings.

To engage with ongoing societal and political changes, as well as the realities and complexities of professional practice, chapters in this new edition open with a case vignette that then weaves through the rest of the chapter. Through these scenarios, the authors illuminate additional connections between the book's theoretical and conceptual underpinnings and real-life practice. In the book's revised discussion and updated exercises, the authors take care to examine the current political landscape seen through the prism of social work practice, the principles of trauma-informed practice, the emerging presence of artificial intelligence within social work roles, and lessons from anti-oppressive practice and intersectionality.

Supported by an extensive range of fully updated support materials that are available on the book's webpage, www.routledge.com/9781041029632, the seventh edition of The Practice of Generalist Social Work presents students with a dynamic, well-rounded, and experiential introduction to social work practice.