社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

What was the longest and harshest medical quarantine in modern history, and how did people survive it? In Hawai?i beginning in 1866, men, women, and children suspected of having leprosy were removed from their families. Most were sentenced over the next century to lifelong exile at an isolated settlement. Thousands of photographs taken of their skin provided forceful, if conflicting, evidence of disease and disability for colonial health agents. And yet among these exiled people, a competing knowledge system of kinship and collectivity emerged during their incarceration. This book shows how they pieced together their own intimate archives of care and companionship through unanticipated adaptations of photography.

Issues of welfare access and 'deservedness' are increasingly permeating political debates in present-day Scandinavian welfare states, which are worldwide renowned for their comprehensive safety net. Across the region, the Somalis are oftentimes singled out in political debates about immigration and integration policies as the 'least integrated' group, if not as a 'burden' for public finances. Against this background, Horizons of Security accounts for historical patterns of integration from the specific point of view of welfare and security among the Somalis in Scandinavia.
Drawing on qualitative interviews with the Somali diaspora, the book explores how the Somalis are experiencing relevant changes in the way they think and formulate expectations about the safety net, often embracing elements of both welfare systems; at the same time, not all of the integration measures set up by Scandinavian states are conducive for alleviating Somalis' security issues, especially in the immediate time after the resettlement. This dynamic can cause considerable degrees of insecurity and long-term social vulnerability among the Somalis. Horizons of Security offers insight on integration and the organization of welfare to be applied in comparative perspectives to other diasporas and world areas.

Experiences of Health Workers in the COVID-19 Pandemic shares the stories of frontline health workers-told in their own words-during the second wave of COVID-19 in Australia. The book records the complex emotions healthcare workers experienced as the pandemic unfolded, and the challenges they faced in caring for themselves, their families, and their patients. The book shares their insights on what we can learn from the pandemic to strengthen our health system and prepare for future crises.

The book draws on over 9,000 responses to a survey examining the psychological, occupational, and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on frontline health workers. Survey participants came from all areas of the health sector, from intensive care doctors to hospital cleaners to aged care nurses, and from large metropolitan hospitals to rural primary care practices. The authors organise these free-text responses thematically, creating a shared narrative of health workers experiences. Each chapter is prefaced by a brief commentary that provides context and introduces the the themes that emerged from the survey.

This book offers a unique historical record of the experiences of thousands of healthcare workers at the height of the second wave of the pandemic and will be of great interest to anyone interested in the experiences of healthcare workers, and the psychological, organisational, healthcare policy, and social challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Home is a complex and multifaceted concept. This book revisions how 'home' is used in social work literature by showing how it is positioned as being discursively represented, materially experienced and embodied, and multiply imagined as symbolic and existential.

Drawing on multidisciplinary understandings of 'home' and intersectionality, it analyses the privileging and disadvantaging social policies and complex interactional practices that contribute to one's sense of home including homelessness, mobility and the politics and complexities of homeownership. Providing social workers with practice considerations for different areas of social work, this book analyses how to makes and build a sense of home and community belonging for a broad range of client groups.

It will be of interest to all academics and students of social work, sociology, public policy, housing policy, gender studies and human geography.

Creative Resilience and COVID-19 examines arts, culture, and everyday life as a way of navigating through and past COVID-19. Drawing together the voices of international experts and emerging scholars, this volume explores themes of creativity and resilience in relation to the crisis, trauma, cultural alterity, and social change wrought by the pandemic.

The cultural, social, and political concerns that have arisen due to COVID-19 are inextricably intertwined with the ways the pandemic has been discussed, represented, and visualized in global media. The essays included in this volume are concerned with how artists, writers, and advocates uncover the hope, plasticity, and empowerment evident in periods of worldwide loss and struggle-factors which are critical to both overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic and fashioning the post-COVID-19 era. Elaborating on concepts of the everyday and the outbreak narrative, Creative Resilience and COVID-19 explores diverse themes including coping with the crisis through digital distractions, diary writing, and sounds; the unequal vulnerabilities of gender, ethnicity, and age; the role of visuality and creativity including comics and community theatre; and the hopeful vision for the future through urban placemaking, nighttime sociability, and cinema.

The book fills an important scholarly gap, providing foundational knowledge from the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic through a consideration of the arts, humanities, and social sciences. In doing so, Creative Resilience and COVID-19 expands non-medical COVID-19 studies at the intersection of media and communication studies, cultural criticism, and the pandemic.

Health Security Intelligence introduces readers to the world of health security, to threats like COVID-19, and to the many other incarnations of global health security threats and their implications for intelligence and national security.

Disease outbreaks like COVID-19 have not historically been considered a national security matter. While disease outbreaks among troops have always been a concern, it was the potential that arose in the first half of the twentieth century to systematically design biological weapons and to develop these at an industrial scale, that initially drew the attention of security, defence and intelligence communities to biology and medical science. This book charts the evolution of public health and biosecurity threats from those early days, tracing how perceptions of these threats have expanded from deliberately introduced disease outbreaks to also incorporate natural disease outbreaks, the unintended consequences of research, laboratory accidents, and the convergence of emerging technologies. This spectrum of threats has led to an expansion of the stakeholders, tools and sources involved in intelligence gathering and threat assessments.

This edited volume is a landmark in efforts to develop a multidisciplinary, empirically informed, and policy-relevant approach to intelligence-academia engagement in global health security that serves both the intelligence community and scholars from a broad range of disciplines.

The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal, Intelligence and National Security.

Cost-Benefit Analysis and Dementia takes an insightful look at dementia by using a behavioural definition and explaining how the symptoms can affect daily life activities, rather than just using the medical definition. It examines the causality of dementia interventions to establish their effectiveness, dealing with the risk factors and expanding the current list of interventions. Furthermore, it provides an in-depth three-step procedure for evaluating the monetary benefits of those interventions to establish whether these are found to be socially worthwhile.

Written in a comprehensive, yet accessible style, this book will be an excellent resource for economists interested in the Cost-Benefit Analysis of dementia care. Healthcare professionals and policymakers as well as non-professionals will find the different interventions discussed to reduce symptoms of dementia illuminating and informative.

This book investigates the role of religion in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Africa.

Building on a diverse range of methodologies and disciplinary approaches, the book reflects on how religion, politics and health have interfaced in Southern African contexts, when faced with the sudden public health emergency caused by the pandemic. Religious actors have played a key role on the frontline throughout the pandemic, sometimes posing roadblocks to public health messaging, but more often deploying their resources to help provide effective and timely responses. Drawing on case studies from African indigenous knowledge systems, Islam, Rastafari and various forms of Christianity, this book provides important reflections on the role of religion in crisis response.

This book will be of interest to researchers across the fields of African Studies, Health, Politics and Religious Studies.

The Open Access version of this book, available at

http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Ethics and the Good Nurse draws on internationally leading empirical research conducted by the Jubilee Centre for Character and Virtues and explores nursing as a virtuous profession through a close examination of nurses' character.

With the belief that virtues such as kindness, integrity, compassion and honesty are core to the nursing profession, this book draws on extended insights from the Jubilee Centre's Virtuous Practicing in Nursing study to understand the role of such virtues in the professional practice and education of nurses. This book brings together knowledge from academics, scholars and practitioners to address the influence of personal and professional character on nurses and nursing.

By including clear implications for policy, practice and research, Ethics and the Good Nurse serves as essential reading for a wide audience, including nurses, policy makers and nursing organisations and provides a timely and much-needed contribution to the field of nursing and character education.

In 2015, the Supreme Court of Canada struck down criminal laws prohibiting medical assistance in dying (MAID) in its Carter v Canada ruling. Assisted Suicide in Canada delves into the moral and policy dimensions of this case, summarizing other key rulings and subsequent legislation. Travis Dumsday explores thorny topics such as freedom of conscience for healthcare professionals, public funding for MAID, and extensions of eligibility. Carter v Canada will alter Canadians' understanding of life, death, and the practice of medicine for generations. This nuanced work will help readers think through the legal, ethical, and policy issues surrounding assisted dying.

Offering both a theoretical and practical approach to challenges at the intersection of healthcare, law and technology, this thought-provoking book explores broad questions of regulation and innovation before analysing contextual applications of these topics. It moves from a wide-ranging consideration of the polycentric and changing nature of health regulation through to a more specific examination of topics including patient consent, the role of device representatives, privacy, artificial intelligence and big data.

Providing an international perspective, Technology, Innovation and Healthcare will be a valuable resource for scholars and students of health law, innovation, technology law, law and development and law and society. It will also be of benefit to lawyers, healthcare professionals, technology developers and policy makers, seeking to better integrate technology with healthcare.

This handbook examines research on youth suicide, analyzes recent data on suicide among adolescents, and addresses the subject matter as a serious public health concern. The book explores the research on youth suicide, examining its causes, new and innovative ways of determining suicide risk, and evidence-based intervention and prevention strategies. In addition, it focuses on specific under-studied populations, including adolescents belonging to ethnic, racial, and sexual minority groups, youth involved in the criminal justice system, and adolescents in foster care. The book discusses how culturally informed and targeted interventions can help to decrease suicide risk for these populations.

Key areas of coverage include:

• Early childhood adversity, stress, and developmental pathways of suicide risk.
• The neurobiology of youth suicide.
• Suicide, self-harm, and the media.
• Assessment of youth suicidal behavior with explicit and implicit measures.
• Suicide-related risk among immigrant, ethnic, and racial minority youth.
• LGBTQ youth and suicide prevention.
• Psychosocial treatments for ethnoculturally diverse youth with suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
• Technology-enhanced interventions and youth suicide prevention.

The Handbook of Youth Suicide Prevention is an essential resource for researchers, professors, graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and other professionals in developmental psychology, social work, public health, pediatrics, family studies, child and adolescent psychiatry, school and educational psychology, and all interrelated disciplines.

Chapters 8, 9 and 16 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Choice Outstanding Academic Title 2023

The author of the bestselling Just Medicine reveals how racial inequality undermines public health and how we can change it
With the rise of the Movement for Black Lives and the feverish calls for Medicare for All, the public spotlight on racial inequality and access to healthcare has never been brighter. The rise of COVID-19 and its disproportionate effects on people of color has especially made clear how the color of one's skin is directly related to the quality of care (or lack thereof) a person receives, and the disastrous health outcomes Americans suffer as a result of racism and an unjust healthcare system.
Timely and accessible, Just Health examines how deep structural racism embedded in the fabric of American society leads to worse health outcomes and lower life expectancy for people of color. By presenting evidence of discrimination in housing, education, employment, and the criminal justice system, Dayna Bowen Matthew shows how racial inequality pervades American society and the multitude of ways that this undermines the health of minority populations. The author provides a clear path forward for overcoming these massive barriers to health and ensuring that everyone has an equal opportunity to be healthy. She encourages health providers to take a leading role in the fight to dismantle the structural inequities their patients face.
A compelling and essential read, Just Health helps us to understand how racial inequality damages the health of our minority communities and explains what we can do to fight back.

Exploring why food aid exists and the deeper causes of food poverty, this book addresses neglected dimensions of traditional food aid and food poverty debates.

It argues that the food aid industry is infused with neoliberal governmentality and shows how food charity upholds Christian ideals and white privilege, maintaining inequalities of class, race, religion and gender. However, it also reveals a sector that is immensely varied, embodying both individualism and mutual aid.

Drawing upon lived experiences, it documents how food sharing amid poverty fosters solidarity and gives rise to alternative modes of food redistribution among communities. By harnessing these alternative ways of being, food aid and communities can be part of movements for economic and racial justice.

Cutting across disciplines from science and technology studies to the arts and humanities, this thought-provoking collection engages with key issues of social exclusion, inequality, power and knowledge in the context of COVID-19.

The authors use the crisis as a lens to explore the contours of contemporary societies and lay bare the ways in which orthodox conceptions of the human condition can benefit a privileged few.

Highlighting the lived experiences of marginalized groups from around the world, this is a boundary-spanning critical intervention to ongoing debates about the pandemic. It presents new ways of thinking in public policy, culture and the economy, and points the way forward to a more equitable and inclusive human future.

Chapter 12 is available Open Access via OAPEN under CC-BY-NC-ND licence.

Claudine Kearney offers in-depth insights into what is required to achieve success in the development of innovation. Chapters also demonstrate how to lead innovation, entrepreneurship and design thinking in healthcare as well as how to achieve results with a future oriented mindset. Visionary in its approach, the book examines both internal and external healthcare environment, addressing the key elements such as organizational strategy, culture and structure to overcome challenges. It also provides a thought-provoking analysis on the significant global challenges experienced within healthcare following the Covid-19 pandemic.

Highlighting key learning points, this book will be an excellent resource for postgraduate students and scholars with a specific focus on medical and scientific innovations as well as those responsible for management within healthcare.

Varying factors such as the aging of the population, the increasing burden of chronic conditions and the recent global pandemic have highlighted the need for a redesign of healthcare production processes. This book provides a useful framework to capture the necessary organizational conditions to successfully implement operations strategies within healthcare organizations.

The Operations Management (OM) function has become crucial; in fact, it is essential for managing the flow of both patients and supplies, in an efficient, responsive and flexible manner. The book outlines the models and operational solutions to these two key areas that characterize OM in healthcare: patient flow logistics, with the goal of optimizing the entire production cycle from first access by the patient to discharge and follow-up; and supply chain management, with the goal of ensuring that resources are successfully managed throughout the production lifecycle. The examples and case studies included in the book are based on the experience of the author who has had the opportunity to do research and training in the area of operations management, within different types of healthcare delivery organizations at both the national and international level, and often at publicly owned institutions.

The book is a useful guide for students, managers and policy makers interested in the development and implementation of the OM function in healthcare delivery organizations.

As China has undergone rapid urbanization and population aging in the past few decades, improving the welfare of older people in rural areas has become an ever more pressing issue. This title is the first book-length work to examine the influence of urbanization on the mental health of China's older population outside the city.

Incorporating the theoretical framework of social ecology, the author analyzes the socio-cultural factors that have exerted an impact on participants' mental health, such as their personal life course transition, changes to family living arrangements and community restructuring. Moreover, he introduces several elderly mental health intervention models in China, while evaluating the policy initiatives that have developed based on China's local resource sufficiency, cultural customs, and older people's needs. The research findings not only facilitate a deeper understanding of China's welfare policy making, but also offers a useful reference for countries that are experiencing similar urbanization and population aging and that wish to formulate better social policies.

Students and scholars of social policy, welfare, and gerontology will find this title to be essential reading.

Recognizing rapidly ageing population is one key concern faced by cities and the challenge it would present to healthcare system, this book looks at ageing in China's population as well as the delivery and financing of long-term care (LTC) in China.

The book compares key features of long-term care insurance (LTCI) schemes in 15 pilot cities and evaluates the sustainability of various financing models adopted by the cities in the LTCI schemes. The book uses an interpretive case study approach to give an in-depth look into the LTC models in three pilot cities - Qingdao, Nantong, and Shanghai. The three cities represent three different models of financing and delivering LTC. To assess how effective the LTC models in these three cities are, the book uses five criteria, including utilization of medical resources, cost, equity, quality of care and sustainability. Also, the authors discuss how the financing and delivery of LTC can be improved in China, the impact of the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on older adults in need of LTC in the country and the implications of China's LTCI reform for other countries.

The book will be a useful reference to scholars and policy-makers who look at urban ageing and healthcare costs and delivery.