社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

This book analyses the use and abuse of social welfare as a means of border control for asylum seekers and refugees in Australia.

Offering an unparalleled critique of the regulation and deterrence of protection seekers via the denial or depletion of social welfare supports, the book includes contributions from legal scholars, social scientists, behavioural scientists, and philosophers, in tandem with the critical insights and knowledge supplied by refugees. It is organised in three parts, each framed by a commentary that serves as an introduction, as well as offering pertinent comparative perspectives from Europe. Part One comprises three chapters: a rights-based analysis of Australia's 'hostile environment' for protection seekers; a searing critique of welfare policing of asylum seekers as 'necropolitics'; and a unique philosophical perspective that grounds scrutiny of Australia's policing of asylum seekers. Part Two contains five chapters that uncover and explore the lived experiences and adverse impacts of different social welfare restrictions for refugee protection seekers. Finally, the chapters in Part Three offer distinct views on human rights advocacy movements and methods, and the scope for resistance and change to the status quo.

This book will appeal to an international, as well as an Australian, readership with interests in the areas of human rights, immigration and refugee law, social welfare law/policy, social work, and public health.

Balancing a child's welfare interests and rights so as to ensure recognition and respect for his or her autonomous identity, while facilitating family unity, has become a major challenge for modern family law. This book, following on from The Principle of the Welfare of the Child: A History, examines, contrasts, and compares the response of England and Wales and Ireland to that challenge. It does so by applying the same matrix of indicators to explore, in each country, the distinction between welfare interests and rights and to trace changes in the balance between them. By profiling the nations in accordance with the same indicators, it reveals important jurisdictional differences in the extent to which welfare interests or rights determine how the law is currently applied to children.

This book shapes a situated body politics to re-think, re-write, and de-colonise social work as a post-anthropocentric discipline headed towards glocalisation, where human and non-human embodiments and agencies are entangled in glocal environmental worlds.

It critically and creatively examines how social work can be theorised, practised, and written in renewed ways through dialogical and transdisciplinary practices. This book is composed of eight essayistic spaces, envisioning social work through embodied, glocal, and earthly entanglements. By drawing on research-based knowledge, autobiographical notes, stories, poetry, photographs, and an art exhibition in social work education, these essays provide readers with analysis and strategies that are useful for research, education, and practice as well as life-long learning.

The book constitutes key literature for researchers, educators, practitioners, and activists in social work, sociology, architecture, art and creative writing, feminist and postcolonial studies, human geography, and post-anthropocentric philosophy. It offers the readers sustainable ways to re-think and re-write social work towards a glocal- and post-anthropocentric more-than-human worldview.

Skills in Neighbourhood Work is a practice textbook. It explains the skills, knowledge and techniques needed by community workers and other practitioners to work effectively in and with communities.

While the principles and methods it describes have stood the test of time, the political, economic and social changes which have taken place since the book was first published have made new editions essential. Rewritten and updated to include new practice examples, this fifth edition retains all the practical information needed by the student or practitioner but sets it in the contemporary context. Including a European perspective and views from North America and Australia, it covers:

Starting, supporting and ending work with community groups

Evaluation

Data collection

Goals and priorities

Making contacts

Group work

Helping groups work with other organisations.

This invaluable textbook is essential reading for students and practitioners of community work.

The book is an in-depth study of the origins and the trajectories of the law governing social policies in Brazil, China, India, and South Africa, four middle-income countries in the global South with a history in social policy making that starts in the 1920s.

The policies of these countries affect almost half of the world's population. The book takes the legal framework of the policies as a starting point, but the main interest lies behind the letter of the law: What were the objectives and goals of social policy over the course of the last 100 years? What were the ideas, ideologies, and values pursued by relevant actors? The book comprises four country studies and a comparative study. The country studies concentrate on the political and social context of social policy making in Brazil, China, India, and South Africa as well as on the ideas, ideologies, and values underpinning the constitution, statutory laws, and case law that frame and shape social policy at the national level. The country studies are complemented by a comparative study exploring and describing the commonalities and differences in the ideational approaches to social policies across the four countries, nationally and - in the formative decades - internationally. The comparative study also identifies the characteristics that make Brazilian, Chinese, Indian, and South African social policies distinct from European social policies. With its emphasis on law and drawing on legal scholarship, the book adds a new dimension to the existing accounts on welfare state building, which, so far, are dominated by European narratives and by scholars with a background in sociology, political science, and development studies.

This book is relevant to specialists and peers and will be invaluable to those individuals interested in the fields of comparative and international social security law, human rights law, comparative constitutional law, constitutional history, law and development studies, comparative social policies, global social policies, social work, and welfare state theory.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

This book studies the different models adopted by contemporary states in Central Europe in fighting the SARS-CoV-2 virus. With thorough analysis of different results and impacts of governmental policies, the authors examine the direction of the global economy after the pandemic ends.

The volume:

• Analyzes the risks and effectiveness of the policy strategies taken by political regimes within states of central Europe;
• Probes into the changes in the functioning of post-pandemic society, especially the limitations of human rights due to state coercion and corruption risks;
• Understands issues related to the law-making process, healthcare policy, digitisation of state institutions and key processes carried out by entities of the system of public authority, and the establishment of principles and mechanisms of cooperation between the state and the business environment;
• Distinguishes the approaches of central and local administrations and of public authorities and citizens to the pandemic phenomenon;
• Assesses the actions taken by NATO and the national armed forces in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, with particular emphasis on the situation in the Visegrad Group countries.

A timely study, this will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of political theory, sociology, public health and social care, governance, public policy, security studies and public administration.

Increasingly digital technologies are used in healthcare. This book explores eight digital health technologies, situated the context of a life span, from high-throughput genomic sequencing technologies and do-it-yourself (DIY) insulin delivery for diabetes management in paediatrics, to the use of robotic care assistants for older adults and digital advance care decisions.

A scene-setting case scenario at the start of each chapter describes the digital technology and identifies the sometimes competing interests of the key stakeholders. Broad themes of resource allocation, access to technologies, informed consent, privacy of health data and ethical concerns are considered in context, alongside analysis of legal duties owed by healthcare professionals to act in their patients' best interests.

This book addresses legal and ethical issues arising from the use of emerging digital health technologies and is of interest to academics, clinicians and regulators and anyone interested in the development of health technologies and the challenges they may present. It focusses on the Australian legal framework, with some comparison to other jurisdictions.

This edited book empirically discusses stratification in contemporary Japanese society. It is unique for its examination of social inequality in relation to declining fertility and an aging population. Japan is the most aged society in the world: according to the Statistics Bureau of Japan, people who are aged 65 and above comprised 29.1% of the country's total population in 2021. Meanwhile, the fertility rate has continuously declined since the mid-1970s.

Japan experienced a dramatic change in its demographic structure in a short period of time. Such fast change could be a major factor that generated social stratification. In her industrialization, Japan was thought to share a pattern of social stratification similar to that of developed European and North American countries but with a low degree of socio-economic inequality and a high degree of homogeneity. There is no clear support for this description of Japan, although the country does share a pattern and degree of social stratification similar to that observed in Europe and North America.

The social stratification theory has been developed in close relationship to the labor market; however, it is necessary to further examine the social stratification of very aged societies in which a substantial number of the population-namely, retired persons-no longer have any ties to the labor market. In this book, the contributors explore the pattern of social stratification at three life stages: young, middle-aged, and elderly. Included are discussions of various aspects of stratification such as education, work, wealth, marriage, family, gender, generation, and social attitudes.

This book is the first comprehensive ethnographic study of the diversity of living and ageing experiences of three groups of older migrants - return, lifestyle and ageing-in-place labour migrants - from a comparative perspective. It explores the motivations, ageing experiences and aspirations of transnational ageing migrants in the context of the Portuguese islands of the Azores and situates the research within debates of the ageing-migration nexus. The book's interdisciplinary approach to transnational embodied and emplaced experiences of ageing facilitates a dialogue between various fields concerned with ageing and mobilities, including geography, anthropology, sociology, social gerontology, social work, and studies of health and wellbeing.

This book focuses on the concept of subjective views of aging. This concept refers to the way individuals conceptualize and perceive the aging process. Social and cultural perceptions regarding older adults are incorporated and internalized into views people hold regarding their own aging process. The book contains three parts which present theoretical, empirical, and translational perspectives about subjective views of aging. The theoretical section expands the framework of subjective views of aging with the inclusion of additional concepts, and further integrates these concepts by accounting for their synergistic effects. The empirical section presents recent developments in the field starting at the intra-individual level as assessed by ecological momentary assessments, going through the level of interpersonal relationships, and concluding at the social and cultural levels. Finally, the translational section presents recent endeavours to develop interventions aimed at advancing favourable views of aging. This cutting-edge edited book includes chapters written by internationally renowned scholars in the field and serves as an up-to-date resource for scholars in the field as well as a textbook for students in courses like social gerontology, lifespan psychology, and life course sociology.

This book documents, verifies and brings to life the issues and debates that are created around the aging society. It carefully offers a series of opinions that attempt to illuminate the fact that the aging society goes beyond aging and includes a series of changes in terms of family, social ties, relationships, and the way human beings perceive society. The book contributes substantially to the discussion of this new type of aging, the new types of families, and the new types of relationships, as well as in the application of cutting-edge analytical strategies to understand the trends and patterns of these new modes of social structures.

The translation from Spanish to English was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.

This book conducts systematic theoretical research on the social mechanism running system based on China's targeted poverty alleviation model and poverty reduction experience. In light of the theories of Parsons' structural functionalism, Luhmann's social system theory, and Merton's structural functionalism, this book puts forward the "coupling" theory of China's targeted poverty alleviation strategy. From the theoretical level, the operation process of poverty reduction policy is a complex social system. The "coupling" theory of China's targeted poverty alleviation strategy is mainly a theoretical innovation for the general expression of China's targeted poverty alleviation model. In terms of the design and running process of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy, the multilevelness of antipoverty and the heterogeneity of poverty objects reflect the complexity of poverty reduction, which displays systematic complexity in the structural evolution and functional differentiation of poverty reduction, as well as the evolution of the subjective intention of poverty objects. Therefore, this book conducts a "systematic" analysis of the implementation conditions and operation process of targeted poverty alleviation from the perspective of "coupling," presenting a social practice mechanism in which multiple systems coordinate and interact with each other, the poverty reduction system is continuously optimized, and policy effectiveness is continuously improved in China's poverty reduction practice.

Management, Organization and Childbirth: Towards a New Model for the Birth Path explores the complex topic of the birth path with a multidisciplinary magnifying glass on the paradigms, languages, and tools critical to the organization, management, and clinical science.

The work consists of five chapters. The first chapter provides a multidimensional analysis of childbirth. The second chapter presents an organizational analysis that moves in unison with different models of health. The third chapter studies the birth path in organizational and cynical terms by describing it in its core processes. The fourth chapter proposes a study conducted in the Italian context, which identifies some useful determinants for redesigning the birth path. The fifth chapter formulates a proposal for redesigning the birth path based on a new health paradigm.

The proposed model offers useful insights for multiple categories of readers. To students of medicine and higher education tracks in healthcare management, it can offer opportunities to raise awareness not only regarding multi-professional practice but also regarding confrontation with complementary disciplines. To practitioners and policy makers, it can provide useful stimuli to promote rational and informed decisions around the childbirth. To researchers studying the health context within different disciplinary domains, the model can offer unexplored research spaces within the new business complex system.

This open access book is the first monograph to systematically apply the Programmatic Action Framework (PAF) in a comparative analysis of public policy in two institutionally different countries. The PAF seeks to explain long-term policy change by examining the shared biographies of policy actors who, to foster their careers, coalesce around policy programs which they promote throughout the policy process. Comparing health policy-making in France and Germany between 1990 and 2020, the book sheds light on the institutional settings that are necessary for programmatic action to occur. It will appeal to scholars and students of public policy, public administration, and health policy.

This book provides a holistic understanding of the state of health psychology in the Indian context and the types of psychological and social support and welfare that are offered and required within treatment processes for various illnesses.

The book discusses why health care should be the prerogative of both the biomedical profession and health psychologists and how they work together with medical professionals to augment public health. It emphasises the shift from biomedical to biopsychosocial approach in strengthening health care outcomes. The book highlights the substantial contribution of health psychology to the Indian health care system through simple, cost-effective, indigenous, and standardised techniques that worked efficiently in the context of various diseases. It projects the emerging trends and innovative techniques in health psychology in handling challenging health care needs.

This book will be of interest to students, teachers, and researchers of psychology, psychiatry, social psychology, sociology, social work and South Asian studies.

The first book to explore food allergies in the United States from the perspective of disability and race
Are food allergies disabilities? What structures and systems ensure the survival of some with food allergies and not others? Allergic Intimacies is a groundbreaking critical engagement with food allergies in their cultural representations, advocacy, law, and stories about personal experiences from a disability studies perspective. Author Michael Gill questions the predominantly individualized medical approaches to food allergies, pointing out that these approaches are particularly problematic where allergy testing and treatments are expensive, inconsistent, and inaccessible for many people of color.
This thought-provoking book explores the multiple meanings of food allergies and eating in the United States, demonstrating how much more is at stake than we realize, at a critical time when food allergies are on the rise: An estimated 32 million Americans, including one in thirteen children, have food allergies. Diagnoses of food allergies in children have increased by 50 percent since 1997. Yet as the author makes clear, the whiteness of the food allergy community and single-identity disability theory is inherently limiting and insufficient to address the complex choices that those with food allergies make. Gill argues that racism and ableism create unique precarity for disabled people of color that food allergic communities are only beginning to address. There is a huge disparity in access to testing and treatment, with African American and Latinx children having higher risk of adverse outcomes than white children, including more rates of anaphylaxis. Food allergy professionals have a responsibility to move beyond individualized approaches to more robust coalitional efforts grounded in disability and racial justice to undo these patterns of exclusion.
Allergic Intimacies celebrates the various creative ways food allergic communities are challenging historical and current practice of exclusion, while identifying the depth of work that still needs to be done to shift focus from a white allergic experience toward a more representative understanding of the racial, ethnic, religious, and economic diversity of those in the United States. Gill's book is a discerning and vital exploration of the key debates about risks, dangers, safety, representations, and political concerns affecting the lives of individuals with food allergies.

This book ? critically examines the COVID-19 pandemic and its legal and biological governance using a multidisciplinary approach. The perspectives reflected in this volume investigate the imbrications between technosphere and biosphere at social, economic, and political levels. The biolegal dimensions of our evolving understanding of "home" are analysed as the common thread linking the problem of zoonotic diseases and planetary health with that of geopolitics, biosecurity, bioeconomics and biophilosophies of the plant-animal-human interface. In doing so, the contributions collectively highlight the complexities, challenges, and opportunities for humanity, opening new perspectives on how to inhabit our shared planet. This volume will broadly appeal to scholars and students in anthropology, cultural and media studies, history, philosophy, political science and public health, sociology and science and technology studies.

This book examines how COVID-19 has often enhanced social and economic marginalisation in different places and societies around the world. It explores the reality that selective deglobalisation is occurring and over and above the human tragedy which has been experienced, many societies and economies have had to adapt to the new reality which they find themselves in. Governments have been challenged to improve health care and provide economic relief and stimulus packages to sectors as diverse as tourism and education which have had to develop new ways of coping. Resilience theory is drawn on to help explain some of the creative responses which we observe, while in other places deep-rooted concerns for the future are a stark reality.

This book offers an analysis of the formation of contemporary hospital systems between the mid-19th century and the mid-20th century. Based on extensive archival material and a broad international literature review, it focuses on the case of the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, and uses a triple approach that discusses technological innovations, hospital management, and health policy. This research is a major contribution to the history of medicine which gives a unique overview of the formation of contemporary hospital systems.

COVID-19 has once again illuminated the ways in which health risks and negative health outcomes are tied to economic and social inequalities. Disabled people rank among those most disadvantaged in terms of education, income, and social inclusion and this exacerbated their risk of negative pandemic-related outcomes. From the start, it was clear that disabled people would be disproportionately affected by the pandemic and this solidified as the pandemic unfolded.

Disability in the Time of Pandemic is a timely exploration of emerging research into the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for people with disabilities in their varied communities and across their complex identities. Using the insights, perspectives, and methods of a variety of disciplines including Anthropology, Disability Studies, Education, Physical and Rehabilitation Therapies, Public Health, Psychology, Sociology, and Women's and Gender Studies, authors explore the initial and ongoing effects of the global pandemic on people with disabilities in Canada, India, Poland, and the United States.

The Research in Social Science and Disability series is essential reading for researchers and students across the social sciences interested in disability, social movements, activism, and identity.

This all-in-one text assists human service practitioners, and the students of human service educational programs, in the evaluation of their practice with their clients. It takes readers through the entire research process, step by step, starting with the literature review on the nature of the behavior being served, to the development of their study methods, to the statistical analysis of data using the internet and, finally, to the drawing of conclusions based on the outcome study that was conducted. When readers complete this book, they will be prepared to conduct an outcome evaluation study and to present a report to their agencies or instructors.

Key distinctions of this text include:

• guides for analysis of data using Excel, the internet or SPSS for statistical analysis of data;
• the separation of content into basic concepts and intermediate concepts for use in beginning and intermediate courses in human service research methods;
• an instructor's manual that offers outlines, lists, and test questions additional to those in the text;
• a student workbook with practice assignments for use in courses as well as a set of checklists that serve as a guide for various tasks in the research process; and
• objectives, summaries, and tests in all chapters.

Evaluating Human Service Outcomes could be used as the basic text for a beginning course in human service research in educational programs in social work, counseling, and psychology where a major goal is to complete a research study. It could also be used as a supplemental text for advanced research courses that include the analysis of data. The text also should be of interest to human service practitioners who are working in programs funded by grants that require outcome evaluation.

• the foundations (history and scope) of veterinary social work (Part I);
• the practice of veterinary social work with individuals, in the context of community programs, and in social work practice (Part II);
• veterinary social work and the veterinary setting, including veterinary well-being and conflict management (Part III);
• veterinary social work education (Part IV); and
• the future of veterinary social work (Part V).

• What is the state of human rights in social work?
• How are human rights practiced in social work?
• What are the prospects for an integrated approach to human rights in social work in contemporary Southeast Europe?

• An Evolving Resilience-Enhancing Stress Model
• Interviewing to Promote Resilience Among Marginalized Populations
• Co-creating a Grand Narrative: The Intersection of Individual, Family, and Community Practice
• Connecting Communal Living, Ecology, and Resilience

Prostitution is a taboo fringe area of society, about which there is hardly any well-founded information and scientific knowledge. Women who work in prostitution have to struggle with social prejudices, social discrimination and legal disadvantages and therefore need specific counseling and low-threshold services. Social work has a long tradition of helping this target group on a case-by-case basis and advocates for the rights and dignity of women. From the perspective of professional social work, this volume provides an overview of the complexity of the field of prostitution and presents theoretical and methodological approaches.

This book is a translation of the original German 1^st edition Soziale Arbeit und Prostitution by Martin Albert and Julia Wege, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2015. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.

A book on the need to do economy in a caring way in the global crisis. In this situation, doing care and doing economy are mutually dependent. The context that is described is a multifaceted and complex one. It concerns social care, state action and the responsibility of companies. All actors are involved in caring and managing within an ecological framework for a development that is beneficial to life both locally and globally.