社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

This open access book is a comprehensive examination of how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the field of social work across practice, education, and research. This topic is particularly important to the field at this time due to the rapid integration of AI technologies into societal structures and the increasing demand for social services that are efficient, effective, and ethically sound. The book provides timely insights into how AI can be harnessed to address complex social issues while maintaining the core values of social work. It emphasizes the critical need for professionals to understand and navigate the ethical implications of AI, ensuring that technological advancements serve to enhance, rather than compromise, human well-being.

Organized into five parts, the book begins with a foundational overview in Part I, introducing the role of AI in transforming social work. Part II explores AI applications responding to social needs, covering critical areas such as poverty, child welfare, health care, mental health, substance abuse, support for older adults, communities at risk, criminal justice, and human trafficking prevention. Part III delves into AI's impact on social justice in changing contexts, including advocacy, environmental challenges, the evolving workplace, and international issues. Part IV focuses on AI in social work education and research, highlighting how AI tools enhance learning and scholarly inquiry. Part V addresses ethical considerations and future directions, discussing challenges, governance, and strategies for building AI literacy, culminating in a conclusion that outlines opportunities for AI in social work.

Artificial Intelligence in Social Work: Bridging Technology and Humanity equips social work practitioners, educators, researchers, and students with a deep understanding of AI's capabilities and implications within various social work domains. The book offers practical guidance on integrating AI into various aspects of social work practice, enhancing service delivery, and improving client outcomes. For educators and students, it provides a framework for incorporating AI literacy into social work curricula, preparing the next generation of professionals for a technologically advanced landscape. Researchers benefit from insights into innovative methodologies that leverage AI for more robust and impactful studies. By intertwining technological advancements with the human-centric values of social work, the book underscores the necessity of balancing innovation with compassion and ethical responsibility.

Families in the United States experience child abuse investigations, the removal of children from their homes, and the termination of parental rights at higher rates than peer countries. Yet this does not make them safer and comes at a cost. As a historian and practicing doctor, Mical Raz asks how American society came to accept punitive interventionist policies that prioritize termination of parental rights. These practices "free" children for adoption, which leads to the devastation of families and communities and the creation of "legal orphans"-children who have no legal ties to their families of origin.

Drawing on original archival sources, legislative documents, and oral histories, Raz argues that adoption is not the inevitable solution to a child welfare system in crisis, maps the political history of this shift in child welfare policymaking-exemplified in the passage of the 1997 Adoption and Safe Families Act-and proposes future reforms.

This open access book provides a multidisciplinary examination of the governance of the human body in the post-pandemic public health landscape. It delves into how the body is regulated, policed, protected, and politicized in times of emergency, drawing on the expertise of a wide range of scholars-including experts in public, health, and comparative law, as well as philosophers, sociologists of law, and specialists in biopolitics, complexity theory, systems theory, and the history of medicine. At its core is the idea of the body as a contested site, subject to legal control, political intervention, and societal scrutiny during public health emergencies. Through the examination of issues like consent, surveillance, the marginalization of vulnerable groups, and the intersections of gender and health, the book critically assesses how emergency measures have not only challenged but reshaped our understanding of freedom, citizenship, and social norms. It interrogates the state's role in governing health and bodies, analyzing contemporary legal debates and philosophical inquiries about the boundary between "normality" and "crisis", and how this impacts democracy, rights, and the rule of law.

By grounding its analysis within historical and theoretical frameworks, the book traces the evolution of health crisis governance and reflects on lessons for present and future challenges. Its interdisciplinary approach offers both deep theoretical insights and timely analysis of the current health landscape. Ultimately, the book challenges readers to rethink how we address health crises, the legal frameworks that emerge, and their broader societal implications.

How the financialization of healthcare has eroded the quality of care, driven up prices, and worsened health inequalities

Financial actors and healthcare leaders increasingly view healthcare organizations as financial assets to be bought, sold, and managed for maximum profit, regardless of the effects on patient care. Healthcare in the Age of Finance Capital reveals how the federal government enables financial opportunism in healthcare and offers bold ideas for overhauling a failed system.

Rosemary Batt and Eileen Appelbaum provide a unique analysis of the financialization of healthcare, a process in which a growing proportion of the healthcare economy is owned and controlled by the financial sector. Healthcare organizations increasingly depend on financial machinations and the earnings derived from them rather than revenue generated from patient care.

The extent to which financial calculations overshadow the healthcare mission depends importantly on institutional legacies, reimbursement rules, and the failure of regulatory oversight. Batt and Appelbaum show how differences in regulations and financing rules shape whether financial actors can penetrate distinct healthcare segments-from hospitals, nursing homes, and ambulatory care to physician specialties, home health, hospice, and autism services. Nonprofit healthcare is not immune from this financial logic.

Evidence based, accessible, and informed by real-world examples, Healthcare in the Age of Finance Capital sheds critical light on how financial deregulation coupled with the relaxation of health, tax, anti-trust, and labor laws have allowed financially driven actors to exploit public funds for private gain at the expense of healthcare organizations, patients, communities, labor, and taxpayers.

How healthy control subjects in clinical research transformed the practice and labor of science, as told by the Normals themselves.

In the 1950s, the National Institutes of Health were in search of a large, replenishing stream of healthy people to participate in clinical studies. To establish legal sources of test subjects, the NIH signed unprecedented contracts with American colleges, church organizations, and other government agencies, and in the process gave rise to a new type of test subject: the "normal patient." Thousands of them eventually moved into the NIH Clinical Center to live in hospital rooms, eat food prepared in a metabolic kitchen, and follow-or flout-the rules.

The Normals is a groundbreaking account of the NIH Normal Volunteer Patient Program, which has lasted into the twenty-first century. This program harnessed outside organizations in all areas of postwar American life-colleges and universities, labor unions, civic groups, federal prisons, and churches-to recruit research subjects for human experiments. Drawing on thousands of pages of unearthed government documents, oral histories, and personal materials shared by the patients themselves (collected in a new archive), Laura Stark follows five experiments and the people involved, delving into their biographies, their time at the Clinical Center, and the thorny problem of determining who counts as "normal." The "Normals" were not passive objects of study, Stark shows, but active research participants who collaborated with scientists, maintained the laboratories where they served, informed official ethics policies, and bargained to meet their needs.

By taking seriously the pillow fights and the first kisses, the bible clubs and the movie nights that animated the Clinical Center as much as the medical experiments, The Normals brings to life a surprising true story of the origins of our present-day system of human experiment, one that at once explores what it means to work, to serve, to volunteer.

The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Disability offers the most comprehensive and authoritative resource on disability studies, bringing together leading scholars from across the social sciences, humanities, and allied fields. This interdisciplinary reference work critically examines disability as a social, cultural, political, and embodied phenomenon, providing state-of-the-art perspectives on theory, research, and practice.

Entries span foundational concepts and emerging debates, including disability rights and justice, accessibility, intersectionality, neurodiversity, crip theory, and global perspectives on disability. The encyclopedia addresses key methodological approaches and explores disability in relation to education, health, law, technology, media, literature, and the arts. It also engages with timely topics such as digital inclusion, disability and climate change, and decolonial and feminist frameworks, offering readers a nuanced understanding of how disability intersects with power, identity, and social transformation.

Designed for scholars, students, and practitioners, this volume serves as an indispensable reference for disciplines including disability studies, sociology, anthropology, psychology, education, law, cultural studies, gender studies, and public health. By crossing disciplinary boundaries and centering diverse voices, the encyclopedia provides a vital platform for advancing research and fostering inclusive practices worldwide.

This book centres on neurodivergent social workers and how managers and supervisors can ensure they offer neuroinclusive support and guidance in social work teams and organisations.

Explaining key theory, information, and practice regarding neurodiversity to develop understanding, it will also enable practitioners to connect with how neurodivergent social workers may experience social work practice and the impact on their practice and well-being. Using a strengths-based and neuro-affirming perspective, it shows how managers and supervisors can understand, value, and utilise the knowledge skills and values of neurodivergent social workers within teams and services. Offering frameworks, ideas, and advice on specific social work contexts such as supervision, organising, and planning work, enabling a sensory-affirming workplace, as well as developing trusted and empathic working relationships, it will help social work professionals to practice inclusively and anti-oppressively with their neurodivergent colleagues.

This book will be a useful resource for social work managers and supervisors, as well as practice educators and the wider organisation. Neurodivergent social workers will also find the information useful in terms of their own working strategies and approaches.

By taking an ecosystem approach to emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), this book gathers the scientific evidence outlining the origins of EIDs to show how a landscape-based ecosystem approach can lead to policy alternatives that draw on the expertise of planning for future pandemic prevention and management.

Global EIDs are one of the world's fastest-growing challenges to local health and are often able to cross large distances. The book targets the substantial "unknowns" surrounding these dangerous characteristics and outlines how current debates about pandemics overlook important characteristics of both the microscopic evolution of viruses themselves, and the social and economic systems through which they move from localized outbreak to global pandemic. Using accessible language, it highlights how planners can help advance and shape policy directions; and how investments in technologies, people, and institutions can be beneficial. Chapters emphasize the importance of creating methods of analysis able to detail very-long-term risks, and therefore suggest actionable and affordable preventative planning today for pandemics predicted decades from now. In doing so, they detail how the intersection of two planning fields of expertise - land use planning and transportation planning - can be enlisted in the fight against future pandemic risk.

Summarizing evidence from past pandemics and using case examples, this book provides future planners with innovative ideas to help the field efficiently understand core health ideas that align with planning expertise. This book is essential for graduate students in urban planning and public health courses, as well as all built environment professionals and practitioners tasked with reducing the risks of the next pandemic.

In the years following the Second World War, the main economic goal of countries, and the main standard by which economies were judged, was the performance of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which was defined and measured, following rules created by statisticians and economists who had developed the official national accounts statistics, mostly in the 1930s. The pursuit of the growth of GDP has remained an overwhelming objective for most economists, politicians and international organizations. This book examines several concepts and processes related to economic growth, such as environmental degradation and climate change; income distribution and poverty; a vibrant civil society; and personal happiness and tackles the important question of whether growth itself can create problems that reduce its welfare value to populations.

It weaves together two stories, the first concerns the invention of a statistical index, while the second explores the set of phenomena to which it applies. The author argues that reducing our dedication to economic growth should not be interpreted as stunting the growth of countries' GDPs at their current level, but rather as focusing on paying more attention to the factors that may reduce the social benefits of this growth.

The book addresses an important topic that has recently been an object of study in multiple fields, such as economics, history and ecology. It combines historical, analytical, and policy-oriented approaches into a single study and will attract the attention of scholars, researchers, economists, political scientists, and philosophers, at a time when many traditional policies are being questioned and are under discussion.

International contributors critically analyse the global dynamics of knowledge production, the political economy of manufacturing, the making of markets, their regulation and governance, and the diverse ecologies of consumption for pharmaceuticals. The Handbook deconstructs the constituent parts that make up the social, political and economic power of the pharmaceutical sector while also foregrounding alternatives to the dominant mode of innovation and production.

The Handbook of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Studies is an essential resource for students and scholars in STS, economics, innovation and technology, health and social policy. It is also a valuable read for policymakers, professionals and practitioners involved in global bio-pharma innovation.

Gregory demonstrates how neoliberalism and the current polycrisis intensify temporal inequalities and narrow the horizons of welfare, obscuring diverse lived experiences necessary for flourishing. Using time theory, concepts of alterity, equality and citizenship, and policy design, he proposes new conceptual tools, such as time sovereignty and temporal impact assessment, to rethink welfare for a world of uncertainty and urgent social need. The book argues that modern welfare systems ignore the lived rhythms of care, waiting, ageing, uncertainty and generational futures, and instead are built around speed and short-term politics. It outlines and argues for imaginative, rigorous and future-oriented welfare systems that create time for dignity, autonomy, care and collective well-being in uncertain times.

Time, Welfare and Society is an essential resource for scholars and students of sociology, social work and social policy. Social workers and policymakers will likewise benefit from its radical lens.

Using a novel theoretical framework contributing authors analyse individual, spatial-structural and institutional contexts of homelessness. They evaluate how homelessness emerges, such as the failure to protect women and migrants, and how it can be combatted, including through social work and shelters. The book advances existing scholarship on homelessness and highlights practical examples of action that can be applied to reduce the crisis in the future.

Homelessness in Affluent Societies is a crucial resource for scholars and students of sociology, politics, social and public policy and urban geography. Policymakers, social workers and policy advocates seeking a deeper understanding of this urgent social challenge will also benefit from the insights in this book.

This volume examines the social work response to social problems in the global south. It provides an authoritative overview of social work education and the key debates relating to social issues and social change. Chapters in this volume tackle major challenges with respect to curriculum, teaching, practice, and training in light of globalization, providing a thorough examination of the practice of social work in diverse contexts.

Part of the Social Work and Society series, the book presents a contribution to the process of knowledge exchange that is essential to global social work education. It brings together professional knowledge and lived experience, both universal and local, and will be an essential reference for social work educators, researchers, and students.

The basic principle of social work underscores the profession's commitment to establishing and sustaining a society with peace, prosperity, and equality. This volume outlines the ways we can educate the new generation of social workers with skills, training, and knowledge that can work towards bringing about meaningful change in the world.

With contributions from Canada, Georgia, Indonesia, the Czech Republic, Spain, Australia, Norway, and Italy, the authors address the following questions:

* How can social work education instil trust, inclusivity, and respect for diversity among graduates?
* How can social work teach graduates to celebrate differences and to generate a powerful sense of togetherness among different population groups?

The book will be indispensable to teachers, researchers, and students of social work, education, sociology, diversity, exclusion studies, and social welfare. It will also appeal to practitioners and policymakers working within social
development.

How did India's states confront the challenge of COVID-19? And what insights does this experience offer for future crisis response?

This book explores the varied impacts of the pandemic and the policy responses undertaken across India's states and union territories, bringing together nationwide quantitative analysis with five in-depth case studies of Bihar, Kerala, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal. Moving beyond the numbers, the case studies examine how differences in state capacity, legitimacy, and authority shaped policy responses and pandemic outcomes. Focusing on the first two waves of the pandemic, the volume shows how this early period provides a valuable snapshot of state functioning under crisis conditions-marked by profound uncertainty and limited information.

This volume offers new insight into one of the most consequential global crises of our time. It is important reading for students and scholars of public policy, political science, economics, and South Asian studies. It will also engage policymakers, journalists, and anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the factors that influence how states respond when it matters most.

Qualitative research methods are essential for addressing central questions arising from clinical and organisational practice. In medicine and healthcare, knowing and scientific knowledge cannot be reduced to what is measurable alone. It also depends on subjectivity, interpretation, clinical reasoning, interaction and ethical judgement. This book develops a coherent methodological framework in which these dimensions are understood as integral to knowledge development rather than as residual or secondary concerns.

The opening chapters establish the philosophical foundations for a qualitative methodology grounded in healthcare practice and distinctly committed to the epistemic impact of subjectivity. Ontological assumptions about health and illness are made
explicit and systematically linked to epistemological and methodological choices. Subsequent chapters guide the reader through the core stages of the research process-from design and data development to analysis and interpretation-consistently demonstrating how underlying assumptions shape methodological strategies and conclusions. Empirical examples illustrate methodological reasoning, critical decisions and common pitfalls. Unlike many introductory texts, this book treats subjectivity, clinical judgement and interpretation not as threats to scientific rigour, but as indispensable
resources for knowledge development. Rather than offering a broad survey of qualitative traditions, it presents a coherent, practice-based approach that affirms the scientific legitimacy of qualitative research on its own terms.

Written primarily for students and researchers new to qualitative methods at bachelor's, master's and doctoral levels in medicine and healthcare, the book also invites more experienced scholars to reflect critically on established methodological practices.

Youth, Disability, and Resistance offers a powerful account of how young disabled people across Europe are reshaping disability activism and reimagining the future of social change. Drawing on rich empirical research, Miro Griffiths examines why activism matters to young disabled people, what restricts their participation, how social movements can become more inclusive, what forms of resistance are needed to challenge unjust social worlds, and what needs to be considered regarding the future of disabled people's resistance practices.

It is argued that young disabled activists are not marginal within disabled people's social movements. Their participation and influence are essential to the renewal, sustainability, and transformative potential of disabled people's resistance. Young disabled people's activism emerges as both defensive and world-making - protecting hard-won rights while also imagining accessible, inclusive, and interdependent futures. Griffiths shows how participation is shaped by hostility, inaccessibility, financial precarity, and exclusions around age and expertise, while also highlighting the importance of hope, knowledge exchange, collective solidarity, and intersectional organising.

Combining conceptual depth with activist insight, this book positions disability activism as a creative and disruptive force. It will be essential reading for scholars and students of disability studies, youth studies, sociology, and social movement studies, as well as for activists, civil society organisations, and policymakers committed to justice and liberation.

This book critically examines the effectiveness of the United Kingdom's child and family social work structures and proposes the integration of a trauma-informed approach to improve current social work practice.

The authors argue that current government policies, theoretical frameworks, and practices contribute to structural inefficiencies leaving vulnerable children and families without the support they so desperately need. Drawing on evidence-based research, this book advocates for a trauma-focused, family-centred approach, focusing on interventions that are framed around national and international guidelines to emphasise prevention and healing over crisis management.

This call-to-action book provides social workers, policymakers, caregivers, and legal professionals with a roadmap towards reform and bridges the gap between public perception and professional practice to foster a trauma-informed approach.