労働経済・労働問題 — 全 下位分類

This book provides a critical, ethnographically grounded examination of the hype surrounding the idea of impact by investigating the work of those attempting to create innovative social ventures. Through in-depth immersion in the day-to-day running of a social impact accelerator, Guillaume Dumont reveals the intricate, behind-the-scenes socialization through which entrepreneurs learn the ropes of impact entrepreneurship and sheds light on the roles of some of the key players of this unique social world. The book challenges the view that impact is a given property of a venture resulting from an intrinsic desire to change the world embodied by gifted and compassionate entrepreneurs. Instead, Dumont argues that impact emerges iteratively from a process of social engagement and negotiation among entrepreneurs, investors, corporate executives, and mentors as they collaborate in the mundane processes of its production, what he calls "Impact work." This book, therefore, is about impact in the making. It is a story of hope and collaboration unveiling the social and cultural challenges and contradictions faced by those attempting to create alternative organizations addressing social and commercial goals.

The book explores the concept of 'intimate capitalism' within the context of the rising cultural and creative industries. The assimilation of culture with capitalism has produced a mass culture that socialises people with the culture of capitalism, effectively domesticating and controlling the masses by establishing an intimate relationship between labor and working conditions. Intimate capitalism is a new form of capitalism where workers invest their labor and work overtime due to an affective connection to the cultural product they are working on or an intimacy with the cultural working conditions. It critically examines the narratives surrounding the creative economy, as well as digital innovations within cultural industries, to highlight how they are reinforcing and perpetuating exploitative working conditions. The erosion of workers' rights under intimate capitalism is examined to show how cultural industries seek to dominate the lives of those working within them, leading to an increased commodification of culture and institutionalisation of creative assets in the name of economic growth and development.

This book offers a critical framework for understanding intimate capitalism and outlines its impact on workers, particularly those within developing economies. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in cultural economics, the political economy, and labour economics.

This edited book aims to provide a collection of scientific evidence on gender issues in the construction industry that contributes to discussions on equality, gender diversity, and inclusion in the built environment; it also provides baseline data for policy design and future research on women in the built environment.

Presenting research findings from Africa, India, and Australia, the aims of this book are broad and it begins with an assessment of the gender-based challenges in the construction sector from the perspective of two generations of women. It goes on to discuss the issues affecting the recruitment and career progression of women in construction and also to proffer solutions to the low turnout of women in the construction industry. Further chapters cover issues on the retention and persistence of women in the sector despite the perceived gender-rooted challenges. Research into female leadership in the construction industry is also presented in this book with specific focus on the management of construction sites, quantity surveying practice, and digital leadership. This book ends with a discussion on the impact of gender consideration on the sustainability of construction businesses, accessibility of housing finance, and infrastructure provisions such as markets.

The research in this book is key reading for scholars of construction management, gender studies, and DEI and the workplace.

This book provides an in-depth look at the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the future of work. The rise of AI and automation is transforming the world of work, and the book explores the implications of this transformation on jobs and skills. It begins by introducing readers to the basics of AI technology and its various applications in the workplace. It then moves on to examine the impact of AI on jobs and skills, including the changing nature of work and the potential for job loss due to automation. It also delves into the ethical implications of AI in the workplace, including the moral and ethical questions that arise when AI is used to make decisions that affect people's lives.

Besides exploring the impact of AI on the workforce, the book provides practical advice for preparing for the future of work in the age of AI. This includes the importance of reskilling and upskilling, as well as strategies for adapting to the changing world of work in the age of AI. It concludes with a future outlook, exploring the likely direction of the workforce in the years to come and the importance of preparing for the future with a proactive approach to AI and the workforce. This book provides a comprehensive and accessible look at the impact of AI on the future of work. It is ideal for anyone interested in understanding the implications of AI on the workforce and preparing for the future of work in the age of AI.

The Transformation of Discontent demonstrates that far from disappearing from the workplaces of the Global North, labor protest has merely changed character and now focuses on healthcare and education, with white-collar and white coat employees clashing with employers over wages, working conditions, and professional autonomy.

Based on in-depth case studies of protest campaigns in four European countries - Denmark, Germany, Hungary, and Ireland - this book explores the ways in which teachers, nurses, and medical doctors have developed a new repertoire of contention that unites their power to disrupt services with their duty to care for service users, such as patients, children, and older people.

A study of the changes to labor mobilization including new protagonists and a shift from mass strikes to duty-based protest, this volume considers the impact of public sector unions on the labor movement and their role in renewing labor's power resources. It will be of interest to sociologists and scholars of political economy, social movements, public services, contentious politics, and employment relations.

This book explores the stress faced by public safety professionals across an array of occupational fields, such as police, correctional officers, paramedics, and firefighters.

Bringing together leading scholars from around the world, it showcases cutting-edge quantitative and qualitative research from across three continents and multiple regions within six countries, introduces key concepts related to occupational and organizational stressors, and provides an overview of the state of current research in key topic areas. Those who have yet to be exposed to the concepts associated with occupational stress injuries, or to the range of theories and methodologies, will be provided with an informative introduction to this topic. It explores the state of current literature on this topic, identifies gaps in our knowledge and approaches to understanding the relationship between occupational stressors and different outcomes, and provides potential responses for reducing or ameliorating occupational stressors experienced by public safety personnel.

Aimed at students, academic researchers, public safety practitioners, law enforcement analysts, and public policy-makers, this book will appeal to readers who have some knowledge in this area and are interested in learning more about new and emerging research, as well as those who are well-versed on this topic.

What does it mean to be a feminist? What can feminism say about ourselves, the work we do, and our ways of living together?

This book draws on the work of Fraser, Butler, and Braidotti to examine how societal and organizational processes shape and are shaped by our perception of work, value, and identity. Disrupting the long-established mind-body dualism, the book reveals its impact on our understanding of value, raising critical questions about how different forms of feminism influence work practices and recognition.

With a foreword by Luigi Maria Sicca and an afterword by Melissa Tyler, this is a unique and insightful analysis that sparks critical reflection, offering a foundation for corporeal ethics to drive meaningful change in organizations and society.

Forty Years of the Landless Workers Movement: Landless Perspectives presents ethnographic insights into Latin America's largest social movement as it celebrates its 40th anniversary. The Landless Workers Movement (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra - MST), with over 1.5 million members, has been fighting for agrarian reform since 1984. In its 40-year struggle, the movement has secured land for over 350,000 families and become a worldwide beacon for progressive politics. Its enduring presence is a remarkable feat; while other movements have come and gone, the MST continues to be a steadfast force in the pursuit of social justice and environmental sustainability. How has the MST managed to endure in a country dominated by agribusiness and characterized by hostile politics? The rationale of this collection is to answer such questions from an ethnographic standpoint, connecting personal stories to theorizations of land and struggle. The detailed accounts of this book's contributions sit in dialogue with the longitudinal commitment of the contributors, many of whom have been working with the movement over a period of decades. Such a commitment allows this book to speak to a 40-year timeframe, creating an approach that points to broader conclusions and possible futures. With contributors from Brazil, Europe, and North America, this book connects lived experiences with wider political questions pertaining to global mass mobilization. Offering a fresh perspective on one of the world's most iconic social movements, this volume celebrates the durability of the MST and speaks to the productive tensions that characterize its lived, vital, and daily struggle for agrarian reform. The material will be of interest to scholars of anthropology, sociology, political science, Latin American studies and beyond.

In the digital age, Big Data offers an unparalleled lens into the intricacies of human behavior. Data sourced from job boards, social media platforms, or news websites allows researchers to answer questions that could not be answered with conventional data sources. Labor markets are no exception here: every day, millions of workers and firms interact, and big data allows us to better understand the complex dynamics arising from worker-firm interactions.

This volume showcases new, original research using Big Data to gain fresh insights into how labor markets work. The volume is compiled by Solomon Polachek, a pioneer in gender-related labor market research, and Benjamin Elsner, an expert on causal inference and the economics of migration. Topics include labor force transition dynamics, the labor demand side of involuntary part-time employment, the insights gained from wages in online job postings regarding wage growth, the role of online vacancies in labor market performance, the demand for personality traits, and an analysis of job descriptions from university job boards. All chapters use a combination of innovative data sources and machine learning methods to enhance our understanding of how labor markets work.

This volume contains an Open Access chapter.

In the digital age, Big Data offers an unparalleled lens into the intricacies of human behavior. Data sourced from job boards, social media platforms, or news websites allows researchers to answer questions that could not be answered with conventional data sources. Labor markets are no exception here: every day, millions of workers and firms interact, and big data allows us to better understand the complex dynamics arising from worker-firm interactions.

This volume showcases new, original research using Big Data to gain fresh insights into how labor markets work. The volume is compiled by Solomon Polachek, a pioneer in gender-related labor market research, and Benjamin Elsner, an expert on causal inference and the economics of migration. Topics include recent trends in the digitalization of job postings, the use of online vacancy and job applicants' data to study skill dynamics, the insights gained from linked vacancy data regarding skill demand and wages, the tracking of gender norms over time, the utilization of domain-specific word embeddings to examine the demand for skills, the latest evidence on employee agreements in the franchise sector, and the impact of vertical restraints on labor markets in franchised industries. All chapters use a combination of innovative data sources and machine learning methods to enhance our understanding of how labor markets work.

This book is a study of workers in India's Informational Technology sector, and focuses on how the past three decades of neoliberal economic reforms have impacted the efforts to organize the workers in the sector given the socio-political and economic setbacks encountered by the broader labour movement. In doing so, the book explores the role of privatization, changing gender relations inside and outside the workplace, new organizational forms created by IT workers to advance their interests, and the increasingly precarious nature of IT work.

By exploring how the growth of the IT sector in India has amplified and reproduced discrimination against unskilled and marginalized elements of the labour force, the book shows the ways in which other social and political divisions create considerable barriers when it comes to the ability of IT workers to successfully collaborate with other sectors within the Indian labour movement

The book will be of interest to students and researchers of sociology, labour studies, political economy and gender studies.

"This is a rare book: both profound and useful" -Seth Godin

Life-changing guide to a more fulfilling work life, inspired by cultures and companies around the globe

If you're feeling overworked, disengaged or apprehensive about the future of work or your career path, Work Backwards: The Revolutionary Method to Work Smarter and Live Better is the perfect guide to question the way you think about your workplace and put yourself on a track to a more fulfilling life. Written by Tim Duggan, media entrepreneur and author, who has helped thousands of individuals create their ideal lives through his renowned workshops, this book takes readers around the world to see how different cultures interact with work, revealing how we can implement new ideas to improve our own approach.

In this book, readers will learn:

• Why reversing your thinking about work can have such an oversized impact using the three things you need to live a fulfilling life right now
• How to easily reset your life-work balance to use tools like remote, hybrid and flexible work properly
• What leading research says about work and happiness and how to put theory into action

Entertaining, inspiring and highly practical, Work Backwards: The Revolutionary Method to Work Smarter and Live Better earns a well-deserved spot on the bookshelves of all individuals who are seeking to not just tolerate work, but love what they do.

This book examines how the progress of digital technology is transforming the world of work, skill demand, labour market institutions, and regulations in countries like India. It studies the challenges, opportunities, and current and future contributions of digital technologies. The volume poses salient questions regarding the ICT sector, I4.0 technologies, the gig economy, remote work, and the regulatory environment, and interrogates the policy and regulatory measures needed to promote more inclusive and decent work in the future.

Part of the Towards Sustainable Futures series, this book will be an essential read for scholars and researchers of economics, sustainable development, sociology of work, labour economics, Indian economy, public policy, and human resource management. It will also be extremely useful to policymakers, government organisations, civil society organisations, and those in the corporate sector.

Naomi R Williams traces the journeys of two local activists to highlight how people can support democracy and economic freedom in the twenty-first century. In Racine, ideas of class and race shifted but remained strong. The broad-based class politics that emerged drew on racial analysis, vigilant organizing, and agile labor leadership that organized more people. Unionized workers in turn won political power while uniting to resist conservative and corporate attacks. Charting Racine's transition, Williams breaks down how worker solidarity persevered and presents lessons that can provide valuable guidance for today's generation of activists.

Call center employees once blended skill and emotional intelligence to solve customer problems while the workplace itself encouraged camaraderie and job satisfaction. Ten years after telecom industry deregulation, management had isolated the largely female workforce in cubicles, imposed quotas to sell products, and installed surveillance systems that tracked every call and keystroke.

Debbie J. Goldman explores how call center employees and their union fought for good, humane jobs in the face of degraded working conditions and lowered wages. As the workforce coalesced to resist the changes, it demanded the Communications Workers of America (CWA) fight for safe and secure good-paying jobs. But trends in technology, capitalism, and corporate governance--combined with the decline of unions--narrowed the negotiating options for workers. Goldman describes how the actions of workers, management, and policymakers shaped the social impact of the new digital technologies and gave new form to the telecommunications industry in a time of momentous change.

Perceptive and nuanced, Disconnected tells an overlooked story of service workers in a time of change.

A strategic framework for businesses leaders who are grappling with the backlash against the post-pandemic "return to office" demonstrates the strong case for holistic flexibility

Forced to allow remote and hybrid work arrangements during the onset of COVID-19, some organizations made the transition to flexibility with great success, but others floundered because they failed to integrate diversity and flexibility policies throughout their culture. This book shows how to build practices that maximize the potential of every work environment, whether hybrid or not, for connection, collaboration, communication, and contribution.

The Flexibility Paradigm posits that in order to create the return on experience required for flexibility, leaders and managers need to shift their perspective and recognize flexibility as a way to strengthen their organization. Hybrid work is just one part of holistic flexibility, whereby people have options for not just where they work but also how long they work and when they work. Formerly misperceived as a "women's issue," flexibility is now seen to benefit all employees; therefore, it must be degendered, deparented, and destigmatized.

This book presents the strategy and framework needed by professional services firms and other organizations to create an entire culture that allows their organization to build on their strengths and lead the future of work. Leaders will learn that flexibility has a strong business case: it drives productivity, talent, diversity, engagement, sustainability, and ultimately profitability.

In developed countries like the United States, Germany, and the UK, it has been observed that workers who perform non-routine activities, either cognitive or manual, have benefited in terms of employment and income, while those performing routinary tasks have seen their job prospects and wages decline. This has led to not only a polarization of the labor markets but also a decrease in certain measures of inequality. This phenomenon has been attributed to task-based technological change (TBTC), which differs from the skilled biased technological change in the fact that not only highly skilled workers have benefited from technology advancement. This book presents evidence of how digitalization and TBTC are affecting the labor markets of different regions of the world and examines the factors that cause this inequality among nations.

It examines recent issues around the effect of TBTC on the labor market and the economy in general, with a comparison of different countries in Central and Eastern Europe, North America, and Latin America, as well as in other regions of the world. The incorporation of these regions presents relevant particularities for the subject matter addressed in the book. The book also considers questions such as how labor market effects differ by gender and what the impact of digital skills on employment, inequalities, and public policies might be. In so doing, it identifies the advances, opportunities, and changes that have taken place, while also making public policy proposals.

This book will be a key reading to the global community of graduate students and researchers in the field of economics and, specifically, in the study of labor markets.

This book examines gender inequality from the perspective of feminist economics, with empirical application, across different countries such as Turkey, the United States, Mexico, Uruguay, Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica and territories within Europe.

It centers on topics such as labor participation, occupational segregation, feminization of poverty and migration, wage differentials, changes in and the quality of employment, equity index, and gender bias in fiscal policies. It encompasses both developed and developing countries and shows that the gender gap has been narrowing over time, although not completely, mainly due to the sparse implementation of programs and public policies with a feminist economic approach, which help to make gender dimensions in the economy visible and highlight the implications this has on women's lives. The book also examines the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on inequality on the working lives of men and women.

This book will be an important asset in teaching forums on the most recent advances in economic science across a number of different theories, approaches and research hypotheses that explain the study of gender inequality. It also presents different empirical studies, using multiple methodologies and databases, applied to specific problems in multiple countries to identify the advances, opportunities and changes that have occurred in gender inequality from a feminist economic perspective. The book offers relevant, novel and original scientific data and makes public policy proposals to encourage the participation of women in the labor market. Consequently, it will also be of interest to policymakers concerned with global trends in the labor market.

This book examines how collective bargaining disputes are resolved among police and essential service employees.

In Australia, as in other common law countries, police and other highly essential employees such as fire-fighters and ambulance officers have long had access to a form of binding arbitration to settle collective bargaining disputes. The traditional arbitration-based system in Australia has, however, been replaced in recent decades with a marked-based collective bargaining system. The current (Fair Work) system restricts access to arbitration, favouring collective bargaining based on the parties' prerogative to make their own agreements, and supported by a limited right to industrial action - including strikes - during bargaining. Yet, police officers, particularly, are subject to considerable restraints on any entitlement to participate in industrial action. The problem is that with limited access to arbitration, and an especially limited right to industrial action, intractable disputes may continue indefinitely, without any impasse-breaking process to prevent the flow-on harms of long-running police disputes. This raises the essential question underpinning this study: what form of dispute resolution system is appropriate to protect both the legitimate industrial interests of police officers, and the community's interest in the uninterrupted provision of essential policing services?

The author in his extensive field-work research and his study of international case studies has developed a useful model for mandatory interest arbitration among police and other essential services personnel. The lessons and recommendations in the book offer insights for essential services labour law in Australia and overseas.