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This book addresses two of the most relevant yet understudied questions in field of International Political Economy (IPE): 1) what explains the trade policy preferences of the organizations that represent economic producers in the political sphere?; and 2) how they are formed? Specifically, it focuses on the evolution of the preferences of industry peak organizations in Brazil and Argentina, the National Confederation of Industry (CNI) -and the Sao Paulo Federation of Industries (FIESP) - in the first case, and the Argentine Industrial Union (UIA) in the second, regarding Mercosur's preferential trade agreements (PTA) negotiation agenda between 2010 and 2020. The author proposes a novel explanation, which combines elements from the open economy politics (OEP) paradigm with insights from ideational IPE. This book will appeal to research scholars, postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students, policymakers and professionals working in the fields of trade and industrial policies, trade agreements and negotiations, regionalism and government-business relations.

The edited collection offers a comprehensive and intricate exploration of Ottoman cash waqfs, extending its scope from the early modern era to the onset of the twentieth century. It delves into the historical evolution of these private Islamic financial institutions, shedding light on their enduring influence and drawing insightful parallels with both contemporary Middle Eastern and European financial systems.

HPSM is a modern financial contract that comprises shirkah (partnership), ijarah (lease), and sale contracts. In the HPSM contract, ownership of the asset is jointly held by the bank and the client. The client makes regular instalments. During the contract, the client is granted to use the asset as long as he meets specific conditions. Upon the completion of all instalments, the asset becomes the property of the client.

This book seeks to shed light on the fundamental concept of HPSM, including the policies, regulations, and subsidiary contracts that play a vital role in its practical application. It provides a thorough exploration of the documentation and accounting procedures, while also addressing potential Shari'ah-related issues in HPSM, and will be of potential interest to students, researchers, policymakers and practitioners, offering a comprehensive understanding of how HPSM is applied within the Islamic finance industry.

This book compares the population history of Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and China to understand such emergent changes as extremely low fertility in Korea and Taiwan, compressed urbanization and a massive diaspora from Korea, early population aging relative to economic development in China, and changing patterns of cross-border migration in the region. After discussing the origin of each ethnic group, premodern population changes are examined by reviewing historical demographic studies including those written in local languages. A new population estimation for premodern Korea is also presented.

Topics covered in this book include population growth, fertility, mortality, domestic and cross-border migration, marriage, divorce, and households. Contrasts between economic and population giants (China and Japan), former Japanese colonies (Korea and Taiwan), feudalism and Confucianism (Japan and others), and capitalism and socialism of the same ethnic groups (South and North Korea, Taiwan, and China) provide a fresh view of population dynamics in relation to political, economic, and cultural changes.

The population study of Eastern Asia has great importance. If economic development is checked by early and rapid aging, it functions to preserve the conventional Euro-centric world system and Pax Americana. On the other hand, if China succeeds in further development while sustaining a socialist dictatorship, it is a challenge to the authority of liberal democracy. If the institution of marriage remains robust and extramarital births do not increase in Eastern Asia, it implies that an aspect of family change is culturally dependent. This book provides clues to help answer such important questions.

When Food Became Scarce is about the Great Leap Famine of 1958-61. Yixin Chen adopts a grassroots level analysis to explore an existential question concerning hundreds of millions of Chinese peasants: why did some peasants perish while others from the same villages facing the same collective problems of food scarcity survive?

Viewing the famine as a persistent ordeal, Chen identifies environment and lineage as two pivotal factors that influenced the rural populace's destiny. When food quotas under the Maoist communal dining system plummeted below subsistence or came to a halt, most individual villagers in the mountainous regions of southern China turned to their environment for alternative sustenance, ensuring their survival. More remarkably, across the nation, more peasants united in self-preservation strategies, concealing grains to elude excessive state requisitions, orchestrating food and crop riots, and collectively combating desperation. Given that the majority of Chinese villages were historically established on the foundation of consanguine relationships, creating an obligation among villagers to support one another due to shared ancestry, lineage emerged as a microlevel social mechanism that activated diverse forms of collective resistance. In villages where peasants effectively upheld their lineage organizations and adopted self-protective measures, their survival rates exceeded those of villages where the enforcement of Maoist Great Leap initiatives disrupted the lineage structure, leaving the communities more vulnerable. When Food Became Scare reorients the famine narrative, unpacking its intricacies from the perspective of the survival side.

This book assesses the EU legal framework applicable to dairy products obtained through precision fermentation. It maps the authorisation and labelling requirements for these products to be placed on the EU market. It compares these provisions to those governing the food markets in the USA and Singapore, which are considered to be more innovation-friendly. At the time of writing, the precision-fermented dairy sector is still in the developmental phase, with only a few precision-fermented dairy alternatives available on the market, none of which are present in the EU. Regulatory uncertainty has been cited as significant obstacle for food business operators seeking to introduce alternative protein products in the EU. The book confirms these reports, as the current EU regulatory framework presents several legal uncertainties that are challenging for food business operators to overcome. Broadly speaking, there are two authorisation frameworks applicable to dairy products obtained through precision fermentation in the EU. The choice between these frameworks depends on the presence of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or residues thereof in the final product. If such GMOs or residues are present, the pre-market authorisation procedure is governed by the Genetically Modified Food and Feed Regulation (GMFR). If the final product does not contain any GMOs or residues, it falls under the scope of the Novel Food Regulation (NFR), and the pre-market authorisation procedure is governed accordingly. Both of these authorisation pathways entail high regulatory requirements, which can pose challenges for the development of the precision fermentation sector. Despite the difficulty in accurately classifying products, it is crucial for food business operators to comprehend the applicable legal framework early in the product development process, given that the authorisation paths differ in their standards. In addition to pre-market authorisation requirements, companies must address labelling issues. Food labelling shall provide a basis for consumers to make informed choices in relation to the foods they consume. The primary objective of EU food labelling law is to prevent consumer deception , making it crucial for dairy products and their animal-free alternatives, to adhere to a stringent naming law as stipulated in the Common Market Organisation and specific accompanying legislation. Moreover, it is imperative to consider regulations regarding the use of health and nutrition claims, as well as labels such as "vegan" or "organic", etc. Furthermore, the labelling of novel foods and genetically modified foods may necessitate mandatory information specified in the authorisation process. The book serves as a comprehensive guideline for food business operators involved in the production of precision-fermented dairy alternatives, aiding them in navigating the intricate European regulatory landscape.

This book advocates for a transformative shift in economics, emphasising the need to manage finite resources equitably while safeguarding universal well-being. It introduces the Equitable Optimality economic theory, departing from materialistic views and championing a theory deeply rooted in moral economy, values, and ethics. By integrating spirituality, social justice, and ethics into economic analysis, this model contends that economics can serve the welfare of all, offering a unique lens for economic theory and policy. It challenges prevailing materialistic economic paradigms by proposing an interest-balanced/free financial economy.

This economic theory prioritises profit-sharing, societal objectives, and equitable resource allocation, aiming to create a more inclusive society. However, practical implementation and comprehensive research are crucial for understanding its impact and overcoming transitional challenges.

This book offers an introduction to quantum technology that is specifically tailored to economists, students of economics, and professionals in the financial and payments industries. The book reviews quantum speedups that have been identified for algorithms used to solve and estimate economic models, including function approximation, linear systems analysis, graphical modeling, Monte Carlo simulation, matrix inversion, principal component analysis, linear regression, dynamic programming, interpolation, numerical differentiation, and true random number generation. It also provides an overview of quantum financial technology and its potential applications in economics and finance. Written by an interdisciplinary team with backgrounds in economics, computer science, and physics, this book offers a valuable guide for researchers and practitioners who want to understand the implications and possibilities of quantum technology for the field of economics.

Exploring how the economy can develop and grow by upholding the social contract and giving social partners like trade unions the space and a key role in this new economy, A New Left Economics reviews the dominant neo-classical economic paradigm and provide insights into a new economic model by critically assessing the new left economics.

Through revisiting Keynes and the relevance of Keynesian economic thinking today, von Brockdorff and Spiteri argue for going beyond GDP to a more social model based on welfare, reclaiming the word 'welfare' from neoclassical economics in the process. Incentivising the social economy enterprise model is also key to this new paradigm shift - the focus is never on curbing economic activity, but rather on making it work for more people to generate greater welfare. These could include cooperatives and employee-owned models, right through to certain circular economy models that promote social wellbeing.

This is an accessible and intriguing text focusing on new left economics, revisiting and modernising Keynesian economic thinking to frame a basis for an economy with a strong social focus.

This book discusses the requirements and preconditions for transforming the economy in order to achieve defined goals while maintaining and utilizing the efficiency of markets. It shows how economic concepts and practices need to be reconsidered and revised in the face of enormous ecological damage and significant economic inequality across much of the world.

The book systematizes essential ecological and social targets and presents factors influencing Economic Transformation. Various transformation concepts are discussed with regard to their contribution to adequate economic design and corresponding options for action are developed. Businesses, private households, the state and the commons are involved in these reflections, but also supranational institutions and (civil) society. The ecological compatibility of the economy and the reduction of excessive divergencies in income and wealth are the guiding principles of the overall considerations. In addition, the extent to which the concerns of Economic Transformation are reflected in the government programs of the USA, Great Britain, South Africa and Germany is examined.

The book will be of interest to anyone who shares the belief that increasing well-being in a market-oriented society must go hand in hand with ecological compatibility and improved social equity, both globally and within societies.

Using the United Nations' 2030 Sustainable Development Goals as a reference framework, Identity, Territories, and Sustainability explores the interplay between territorial and collective identities, territorial policies, and their implications for environmental, economic, and social sustainability.

Presenting a series of case studies from across the globe, Salvatore Monaco demonstrates how the meaning of sustainability can vary across different geographic contexts. Analysing specific policy initiatives, chapters stress the importance of considering the complex interweaving of social, cultural, political, historical, and biophysical factors in shaping different sustainability trajectories in each place. Providing tools for policy and practice, Monaco presents examples of how sustainable development can be achieved by recognizing the importance of involving local communities in the decision-making process, promoting social and environmental justice, and finding innovative solutions to complex problems.

Addressing the urgent need to tackle the global challenges of poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation, this is highly valuable reading for those interested in implementing sustainable development strategies across a variety of contexts.

The COVID-19 outbreak aggravated recurrent economic issues and problems of developing a resilient economy and technological development inequality between entities, countries, production structure, unemployment and social disorders that have resulted in the accentuating of political, economic, business and trade relations. Resilient economies, technological development and green entrepreneurship in the New Normal present opportunities and challenges in achieving a balanced transition.

Entrepreneurship and Development for a Green Resilient Economy covers extensive ground in contemporary green entrepreneurship, from fundamental theories such as business investments and venturing capital to emerging and new concepts that reflect the critical challenges of the current times, including technological development slowdowns, economic resilience, economic systems downfalls, digitalization, green business footprints, and many more topics.

Lab for Entrepreneurship and Development is Emerald's innovative book series on the study of entrepreneurship and development, striving to set the agenda for advancing research on entrepreneurship in the context of finance, economic development, innovation, and the society at large.

The future in the Global South is viewed and perceived critically, from the inertia of a present that does not offer peace, justice, wealth and happiness, but from a view constructed from poverty, marginality, war and chaos. Exploring Hope seeks to qualify, question and even refute the monolithic ideas and images of the impossibility of building opportunities for improving the quality of life and overcome the different constraints of development in the Global South.

With contributions from Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, Mexico, Cameroon, Ghana, Morocco, Congo, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, China, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Afghanistan and Bhutan, authors identify innovative, successful projects and processes that are structurally impacting models of development, and that make it possible to imagine new developmental paths in the Global South. Split into five sections covering economic, demographic, political, social, cultural and environmental issues, each chapter presents cases where emerging initiatives are integrated into the current socio-technical regime and contextualised within regional needs.

Focusing on hope rather than challenges, this edited collection presents a powerful evocation of ongoing opportunities for building a better future in the Global South and beyond.

The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry (IPI) has grown exponentially over the last few decades; however, recent global competition is forcing the industry to examine its performance focusing on productivity, efficiency and growth capabilities. While the industry as a whole has proved resilient to economic slowdowns, the performance of individual firms in the industry have displayed large disparities. There is also evidence of disparity among the Indian states.

Efficiency and productivity act as good performance indicators. Performance Analysis of the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry estimates the extent of technical efficiency (TE) and total factor productivity growth (TFPG) of IPI and to identify their major affecting factors. A comparison between efficiency and TFPG of IPI is made, looking at the common factors responsible for variations in efficiency and TFPG of IPI.

Chakraborty and Pal examine the import and export of Indian medicines to understand the place of the industry on a global scale and assess what can be done to become more competitive. The international comparison of this study will appeal and be useful for researchers, industry professionals and policy makers.

Amid the vibrant culture and deep-rooted traditions of India thrive hundreds of Indigenous tribes and ethnic communities. However, these artisan groups find themselves on the fringes of the nation's financial system. Sustainable Pathways: The Role of Indigenous Tribes and Native Practices in India's Economic Model illuminates the struggles of these communities that live on the outskirts of mainstream Indian society and examines their journey to financial empowerment.

Author Nishi Malhotra provides an in-depth exploration of India's Indigenous tribes, emphasizing their unique yet financially undervalued arts and crafts traditions. Highlighting initiatives that improve Indigenous economic participation, she critically addresses their financial exclusion and also underscores their vulnerabilities, despite their deep traditional knowledge and ecological insights. Contrasting Eastern and Western perspectives on Indigenous wisdom, Malhotra's discussion extends into a global context, advocating for educational and policy-making approaches that integrate Indigenous practices and philosophies into sustainability and conservation efforts.

A crucial resource for scholars, students, and enthusiasts from fields as diverse as the social sciences, finance, and the arts, this work offers deep insights into the financial inclusion of Indigenous artisans in India.

This book broadens the reader's knowledge of several important issues having to do with the economy of Indonesia and its surrounding regions, to which Professor Iwan Jaya Azis has made significant contributions in the last 40 years. The book is divided into three parts, the first of which contains several chapters describing fundamental methods in regional economics, development economics, macroeconomics, and finance. These methods are crucial in understanding the political economy of Indonesia and the neighboring regions. Among the techniques discussed are social accounting matrix (SAM) analysis, computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling, and agent-based modeling (ABM) approaches. The second part is on several important issues related to the Indonesian economy. The topics covered are urbanization, resource booms, manufacturing, and micro and small enterprises. The book's third part deals with the economies of several countries in the neighboring Southeast Asian region, including the Philippines, Vietnam, and Thailand.

This book discusses the role played by powerful global institutions such as the IMF, the World Bank, the World Trade Organisation, multinational corporations, and the international credit rating agencies in keeping Africa marginalised in the world economy. The book focuses on the intrusive roles of these institutions as enablers and beneficiaries of capital outflows and financial subordination in Africa. Diverging from the official narrative that touts China and the other emerging economies as global reformers that are poised to partner Africa in its fight against financial subjugation, the book instead argues that, like the Western powers, the emerging economies are benefiting prodigiously from a rigged global financial system that keeps Africa as a net creditor to the rest of the world. The book draws its theoretical framework from the repressed heterodox theories including dependency, core-periphery, world systems and Marxist theories as well as the decolonial approach. It concludes with a call for a decolonial African agency that should champion an epistemic rebellion against the neo-liberal and neo-classic economic traditions that have been historically deployed to justify Africa's subordinated position in the global economic governance.

This book comes at moment in time when Africa is ready to become a Rule Maker not a Rule Taker. The analysis Dr. Moyo presents having been in the front line of public policy and international negotiations demonstrate the need for Africa to re-write the rules to foster our own Transformation.
Jason Rosario Braganza, Executive Director, African Forum and Network on Debt and Development (AFRODAD)

This open access book sets out simple solutions to managing complex catastrophes. It focusses on four kinds of crises - climate change, crime-war cascades, epidemics and financial crises. These catastrophes are conceived as complex and prone to cascade effects. This book is optimistic in explaining that there are identifiable simple institutions that international society can strengthen and some simple principles that can help humankind to control the expanding gamut of complex catastrophes that confront the planet including simple, stable institutions and regulatory bodies. It draws on a wide range of current and past crises and challenges, from the Cold War to COVID-19, and from Weapons of Mass Destruction to restorative diplomacy with States like China, to provide an urgent and timely path forward.

Braithwaite argues that improved peacemaking, and step by step progress toward abolition of Weapons of Mass Destruction helps prevent environmental, pandemic, and financial catastrophes. His method across four kinds of crises is first to prioritize simple principles and simple institutions that prevent coupled catastrophes from cascading one to the other. The next step is to pursue requisite variety in responses by diagnosing dialectically when additional interventions will and will not add value for crisis control. Braithwaite argues that minimal sufficiency of deterrence, responsive regulation of risks, and restorative diplomacy offer superior theoretical foundations than realism in international relations theory and in organizational crime control. It speaks to those interested in criminology, public policy and international relations, political science, sociology, public health and economics.

Professional Perspectives on Banking and Finance is a collection of cutting-edge articles written by practitioners for practitioners. Addressing core topics such as risk management, corporate governance, and strategy, but with the emphasis on recent developments and their impact on the industry. These gathered chapters reflect a diverse global outlook, addressing issues of importance and relevance for all bankers.

With 100% emphasis on accessible, clear, and applicable advice Professional Perspectives on Banking and Finance provides suggestions to instil best practice in any commercial bank.

Today, emerging technologies offer a new pathway for advancing the economy in the fields of banking, finance, and capital markets. Blockchain applications play a crucial role in ensuring trust and security within these industries by relying on transparency and visibility through peer-to-peer networks. The banking industry has also witnessed increased operations speed, better transparency, efficiency enhancement, fraud extenuation at less cost while sharing real-time data between various parties. Thus, the adoption of blockchain in the Banking and Insurance industry is developing very fast. It has emerged as the commonly accepted default platform for the banking and insurance industry.

This book explores how blockchain technology optimizes and integrates transactions and operations, facilitating easier access to information. This, in turn, has the potential to reduce communication costs and minimize minor data transfer errors. Additionally, the book delves into the current applications of blockchain technology in the financial industry, discusses its limitations, and outlines its future prospects for broader accessibility.

This book is aimed at students and researchers in financial engineering and fintech and it can serve as a reference for identifying problem areas and their possible solutions.

With a foreword by Sethaput Suthiwartnarueput, Governor of the Bank of Thailand.

Digital disruption is rapidly transforming the financial sector, propelled by FinTech, BigTech, and non-bank institutions meeting public needs but challenging incumbents. Central banks must adapt to facilitate fair competition, protect customer rights, and integrate new technology. Initiatives in countries like India, Brazil, and Thailand have reshaped finance, enhancing accessibility. Future developments, including central bank digital currencies, may revolutionize financial infrastructures, enabling incumbents and new players to offer improved products and services.

Central Banking at the Frontier: Creating a Digital Financial Landscape: Architecting the New Digital Financial Landscape comprehensively explores these changes, providing insights into emerging issues, initiatives, and debates that will define the evolving financial landscape.

Relevant not only for central bankers but also for professionals in banks, FinTech, and academia, Central Banking at the Frontier: Creating a Digital Financial Landscape helps readers stay informed on the dynamic digital era and contribute to shaping technology-driven financial services for the benefit of society.

The financial service industry is already changing significantly as a result of four important areas of innovation; the development of artificial intelligence (AI), innovation of Blockchain (Decentralized system), the fintech revolution, and the emergence of crypto-assets.

The authors examine each of these areas separately in The Global Evolution, Changing Landscape and Future of Financial Markets, assisting the reader in comprehending the context, history, and basics of these trends. While new technologies offer exciting opportunities for innovation and growth, they also present new challenges and risks that must be carefully managed. The chapters present the ways in which inclusion and diversity can lead to more effective and responsible digital financial products and services, while also confronting the barriers facing underrepresented groups in the digital finance industry.

Through this book readers are provided with a comprehensive understanding of the evolving financial landscape and the importance of creating a more inclusive and diverse digital finance ecosystem.

The Palgrave Handbook of Sovereign Wealth Funds provides a comprehensive, detailed analysis of these funds from a multidimensional perspective consisting of 33 chapters divided into seven sections. Section I provides background material about SWFs, providing a foundation for the remainder of the handbook. Section II examines various controversies, governance, and accountability topics involving SWFs. Section III discusses the political, legal, and tax aspects of SWFs. Section IV reviews numerous topics involving SWF management. Section V deals with SWFs' policies, preferences, and performance. Section VI provides descriptive analyses of SWFs based on country or region. It also offers a comparison of SWF similarities and differences across countries. Section VII concludes by examining special issues and the future of SWFs.

This handbook spans the gamut from theoretical to practical while offering the right balance of detailed and user-friendly coverage. Discussion of relevant research permeates the handbook. Although other books are available on SWFs, few are as comprehensive or provide a multidimensional perspective from academics and practitioners. This handbook fills a gap by showing how SWFs are a growing and dynamic force in international finance.

This edited book presents a comprehensive analysis of the multidimensional aspects associated with decision making in renewable energy investment projects. It delves into the interplay between interdisciplinary studies, sustainability considerations, and circular economy principles within the renewable energy sector. By examining the impact of these interconnected domains, the book offers valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities inherent in decision making for renewable energy investments.

The book is tailored to a diverse audience, including researchers, scholars, and professionals in the fields of renewable energy, sustainability, circular economy, and business management. It is equally suitable for graduate and undergraduate students studying environmental studies, renewable energy, sustainability, and related disciplines. Professionals working in the renewable energy industry, including project developers, investors, and policymakers, will find valuable insights to inform their decision-making processes. Additionally, engineers, economists, social scientists, and environmental consultants interested in interdisciplinary studies and their intersection with renewable energy will benefit from the book's comprehensive analysis.