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Through a comprehensive analysis of relations between Europe and China during the Cold War, this volume reveals how those interactions quietly reconfigured the global balance of power, helping to forge the contemporary international order. Rooted in a rich array of multi-archival sources, the book brings together an international group of historians to explore China's relationships with both Western European powers and European socialist countries, tracing how China systematically courted Europe to reshape the Cold War order and maneuver between the superpowers.

Beginning with China's diplomatic opening to Western Europe from the 1950s to the 1970s, contributors highlight key turning points in rapprochement with France, Britain, West Germany, Switzerland, and Italy, marked by a shifting mix of ideology, strategic calculation, and detente-era geopolitics. The volume then moves eastward, unpacking China's fraught but ambitious diplomacy with communist Europe, including Hungary, Poland, and Albania, as Beijing sought to contest Moscow's dominance and present itself as an alternative pole of leadership in the socialist world. Breaking new ground by integrating Chinese and European sources and perspectives, this book shows how China and Europe, often considered secondary actors, played crucial roles in reshaping the Cold War system and turning a rigid superpower standoff into a more multipolar world.

The history of nursing has been dominated by scholarship which is either national in scope or largely London-centric in its focus. There has been little analysis of the developments in the nursing profession within provincial England. To redress the balance, this book seeks to provide the first history of nurses and nursing in the locality of Nottinghamshire. By taking a local history approach, this book provides a more nuanced account of how nursing developed and changed during the period 1830 to 1948. Its focus on the provincial demonstrates how the uniqueness of place supplies new insights into nursing history. For example, the book challenges the dominant narrative that nursing reform was initiated by Florence Nightingale, by showing how reform was well established in the Voluntary Hospital sector before 1860. In addition, the presence of a well-organised provincial campaign base for nurse registration in Nottinghamshire runs contrary to the traditional view that this was London-centric. Crucially, the book takes a comparative approach, situating nursing in Nottinghamshire within the context of national and international events, organisations, and movements.

This book offers a rigorous and historically grounded analysis of Black women's political thought, activism, and institutional engagement across six decades. This book begins with 1965-a pivotal year in which the Voting Rights Act fundamentally transformed political participation for African Americans and, notably, the year Kamala Harris was born. This temporal convergence serves as the book's organizing framework, illustrating how the expansion of voting rights and the evolution of Black feminist politics created the conditions that made Harris's Vice Presidency possible. Drawing on political science, history, gender studies, and Black feminist theory, the chapters trace major developments in U.S. political life from 1965 to 2025. Topics include the interventions of Michelle Wallace, Ntozake Shange, and Alice Walker, as well as the implications of the Clarence Thomas-Anita Hill hearings for understanding gendered political vulnerability. The analysis also engages the Obama, Trump, and Biden administrations, showing how contemporary movements-including Black Lives Matter, #MeToo, and the resistance to book bans-extend a longer tradition of Black feminist political critique. The text foregrounds key analytical concepts such as linked fate and Black feminist epistemology, making it an essential resource for scholars and students of American politics, African American studies, and feminist theory. By situating Kamala Harris's Vice Presidency within a broader historical trajectory, the book demonstrates that Black feminist political behavior is indispensable to understanding the development of modern U.S. democracy.

With each edition of Black Feminist Politics, Duchess Harris solidifies its position as an essential and enduring text that affirms the vital importance of using a Black Feminist analysis to interpret US politics, society, and culture.

Crystal M. Moten, author of Continually Working: Black Women, Community Intellectualism and Economic Justice in Postwar Milwaukee

This book is an edited and annotated translation of Karl Renner's seminal Der Kampf der OEsterreichischen Nationen um den Staat (1902). Its main topics - national diversity within states and its possible accommodation - occupy the minds of academia and wider society today as much as they did in the multinational Habsburg Empire at the beginning of the 20^th century. The central question of this book, i.e. how different nationalities can peacefully - and on equal footing - co-exist within the boundaries of the same state, has not lost its salience over the course of the hundred and twenty-three years since it was written. If anything, it has only grown in importance and urgency across a world where the nation-state remains a prevalent form of political organisation.

A Catalogue of Greek Manuscripts at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Volume 2 unveils the rich diversity and enduring legacy of the Greek manuscript tradition preserved in one of North America's largest collections. Building on the acclaimed first volume, this second and concluding volume offers comprehensive illustrated descriptions of eighty-four manuscripts and fragments housed in the University of Michigan Library's Special Collections Research Center. The discovery of twenty-three previously unknown manuscripts and fragments significantly expands our understanding of Byzantine and post-Byzantine book culture, illuminating the remarkable continuity of Greek scholarly, liturgical, and artistic traditions from the ninth through the nineteenth centuries.

Each entry integrates codicological features, handwriting analysis, textual content, decoration, binding, provenance, and references to earlier scholarship as well as high-quality color plates to illustrate representative pages, script types, and illuminations. Among the exceptional highlights are a fragment of The Great Calculation According to the Indians by Maximos Planoudes, preserving portions of this rare mathematical treatise otherwise lost; an illuminated 1371 copy of The Heavenly Ladder by John Klimax, created by the renowned scribe Joasaph II of the Hodegon Monastery in Constantinople; and a newly identified manuscript containing rare patristic homilies linked to the sixteenth-century Choniates scriptorium in Venice.

This edited collection examines the political and social roles of war veterans in Eastern Europe throughout the long twentieth century. Given the ongoing relevance of ex-combatants in the region, the volume addresses key questions concerning the place of former soldiers in society from 1918 to the present. Its chapters offer national case studies from Central and Eastern Europe, including the Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russia. Particular attention is paid to the involvement of conflict survivors in the dissolution of communist federations and the formation of new polities. The collection traces the social and political activities of specific ex-combatant movements and organisations across Eastern Europe, highlighting both how former fighters influenced the regimes under which they lived and how those regimes, in turn, shaped veteran communities. Drawing on interdisciplinary analyses across comparative and entangled history, gender studies, political science, and radicalism studies, this timely collection deepens our understanding of war-related political change in Eastern Europe in the long twentieth century.

Brings the story of World War II in Italy and among Italians to an English-speaking audience and adds to our understanding of the collapse and ruin of dictatorships.

Italy's World War II experience might be described as a blunder, a mistake, or a tragedy. Since 1922, Benito Mussolini's Fascist regime had been constructing a paper tiger - lots of bluster but not much to back it up. A dictatorship, sometimes based on coercion and sometimes on enticement, could never be sure of popular support. When, in June 1940, the drumbeats announced Italy's entry into the most terrible war in history, the regime's goal to build a race of "new" men - brutal warriors for Italy- proved utterly futile. Exposed in lies and corruption, without any serious war plans, incapable of protecting its citizens, stuck in a disgraceful alliance with the unforgiving Third Reich, and now trapped in an absurdly uneven war against a coalition of unstoppable power, Mussolini and his Fascists were doomed. Bombardments of cities, the strafing of innocents, hunger and shortages, along with Nazi brutality, took massive physical and moral tolls. Mussolini's totalitarian endeavors to control the lives of Italians proved futile when his armies suffered defeat everywhere, and Anglo-American air armadas brought the "new" men to their knees. Aspects of "old" Italy, however, - Catholicism, for example, the Renaissance and Enlightenment traditions, and working-class solidarity, pillars of Italian identities that have little to nothing in common with Mussolini's dictatorship - soon surfaced to shape postwar and post-Fascist Italy.

Perhaps more than ever, we need to invest in the study of the causes and consequences of crises. Since its founding in 1975, the International Crisis Behavior (ICB) Project has aimed to better equip academics, policymakers, and the next generation of engaged citizens to make sense of why crises arise and how they can be more effectively managed and prevented. The ICB Project's data holdings consist of full-length qualitative case studies, along with an expanding range of quantitative datasets that include information regarding the characteristics of the states in crisis, crisis behavior, attempts at third-party crisis management, the role of nonstate actors, and the system-level context.

A Century of International Crisis Behavior summarizes the evolving patterns of international crisis behavior in the more than 500 cases cataloged since 1918, provides an accounting of the state of the scholarship to make sense of the patterns, and presents new findings that advance our understanding. Chapters are grouped according to their level of analysis: studies of systems, dyads, and states. The authors highlight what we have learned and what we have yet to learn regarding the prevention, escalation, and de-escalation of international crises.

In this groundbreaking history, Amy Kerner explores the critical role of the Yiddish language in defining ethnicity and belonging for Argentina's Jewish diaspora, the largest in Latin America. Jews came to Argentina's provinces and growing cities as immigrants and refugees from Europe beginning in the late nineteenth century. Although Jewish immigrants were multilingual, they nevertheless gave Yiddish a central place in Jewish Argentine culture for over a century. Kerner elucidates how the longstanding influence of Yiddish culture in Argentine Jewish life resulted from national migration policies, urban modernity, populism, and the alliance of Yiddish speakers with Argentine anti-fascism. In turn, Jewish Argentines used Yiddish to document, debate, and respond to events on local and global scales, including the Holocaust, Israeli Zionism, and Latin American state terror.

Drawing on extensive archival research, Kerner argues that Jewish Argentines used Yiddish to navigate changing political ideologies and ethnic boundaries across a century of Jewish Argentine history. Untangling the complex interplay of transnational and local politics in shaping the uses and meanings of Yiddish, Language in Transit offers fresh insights for the histories of Jewish culture and language in Argentina and Latin America.

Toxic Fear explores how fear shaped the public and private lives of those seeking to make sense of pollution in the 1980s. Driving Egan's interest in environmental anxieties is an exploration of the social and political infrastructure that took shape during the final quarter of the twentieth century. Egan ties the uncertainties rippling through American communities and across mainstream media to the neoliberal project and its deference to self-interest as the only path to prosperity. In the 1980s, that meant less government intervention, lower taxes, more privatization, and fewer controls. Above and beyond any economic or social theory, fear unsettled established ways of American life. Just as toxic chemicals became a prominent feature of the American social and physical landscape in the 1980s, traditional forms of state oversight designed to provide security for its people were eroded. Social problems and public safety were outsourced to individuals. The onus of responsibility moved from government and government agencies to a public that had, in the previous decade, abdicated environmental oversight and the necessary scientific literacy to experts no longer equipped for the job.

Michael Deibert's With the Pen in One Hand and the Sword in the Other is a sweeping history of Haiti's first century, examining its complex internal political dynamics, the vital role the nation played in liberation movements throughout the Americas, and its tangled relations with the United States. Weaving the diverse stories of the region into a vibrant tapestry of shared struggle under the shadow of both colonial European powers and an ever-more-assertive United States, Deibert uses decades of experience in the region to bring such historical figures as Frederick Douglass, Simon Bolivar, Antenor Firmin, and Ramon Emeterio Betances to life in new and vivid ways. In doing so, he also examines the shared histories of Haiti and the United States, the hemisphere's two oldest independent republics, and the values each espoused and claimed to live by, sometimes coalescing and sometimes clashing. A must-read for anyone interested in Latin American and Caribbean history as well as the history of the antebellum and postbellum United States, With the Pen in One Hand and the Sword in the Other restores Haiti to its rightful place as a nation at the forefront of the struggle for human freedom during the era and presents, in dramatic and compelling form, the glories and costs that came from being at the forefront of that battle.

The Land of Cotton is a sweeping environmental and cultural history of cotton's power in the American South. More than the region's signature crop, cotton was a material, symbolic, economic, and ideological force. James C. Giesen's central claim is that the culture of cotton-the ways planters, laborers, boosters, tourist boards, musicians, and a host of others representing the crop-shifted not only with the political moment but in response to the physical world. Cotton lands eroding and becoming forests, labor and technological upheaval, and the rise and fall of constructed environments all changed the rhetorical possibility of the thin white fiber. Cotton festivals, country songs, and sharecroppers' memories shaped and were shaped by the conditions of terrains. By grounding this history in two distinct Southern landscapes-the South Carolina Piedmont and the Mississippi Delta-Giesen reveals how these local conditions forged cotton's cultural power and practical uses. Spanning 150 years, this study shows how the South's most iconic crop remained a literal and figurative site for debates over environmental change, political ideology, and historical memory.

This volume is part of Decentring the History of Reading, a two-volume project that rethinks the history of reading from a Central European perspective. Focusing on overlooked sources and contexts, it examines how reading practices evolved under conditions of political upheaval, ideological control, and media transformation. Covering the late 1940s to the present, the contributions explore reading under authoritarian regimes, state socialism, and post-socialist transition. A case-study approach highlights the diversity of reading practices and the agency of readers across institutional settings and social groups, from officially guided reading to informal and alternative circuits.

Particular attention is given to the interplay between centralized cultural policies-censorship, regulation, and campaigns to shape the socialist "new reader"-and everyday practices. Under conditions of scarcity and control, reading emerges as a space of negotiation, appropriation, social engagement and participation. The volume offers new perspectives on reading in modern societies and will interest scholars of book history, literary and cultural studies, and the social life of texts.

This book explores the world of "meeting etiquette" in the Middle East, from ancient Mesopotamia to the Ottoman period. It looks at the shared rules and expectations that shaped how people came together, whether meeting equals, addressing authority figures, or encountering the divine.

This volume focuses on how meeting etiquette has been understood, defined, and organized across time. Drawing on rich examples from different regions and periods, this book examines practices such as gestures, posture, gaze, physical contact, hygiene, clothing, polite speech, and hospitality. It also stands out for its collaborative approach, bringing together scholars from a range of disciplines and fields of expertise in ancient cultures. By tracing these practices over time, the book highlights both enduring traditions and significant changes, from antiquity to the early twentieth century.

Interdisciplinary in scope, the volume offers fresh perspectives by engaging with art history, archaeology, philology, anthropology, and sociology. It invites readers to rethink how meetings were not only conducted, but also experienced, in antiquity.

This edited volume examines recent trends towards more global and transnational research within the field of the history of science, technology, and medicine. It focuses on three major themes which are especially important to this shift in perspective: firstly, the analysis of local/global relationships; secondly, the back-and-forth movement across borders involving encounters and exchanges; and thirdly, the significance of historical actors who played a crucial role as go-betweens-especially between Europe and other regions of the world. Distinct in its breadth, this volume offers insights into a range of topics drawn from the history of science, technology, and medicine from approximately 1760 to the present.