歴史学 — 全 下位分類

This book offers a history of shyness in France. In particular, it interrogates the seeming strangeness of shyness in the long nineteenth century, positing it as an everyday experience which nonetheless troubled the stories that the nation sought to tell about itself in a period of intense political and social change. Shyness threatened the narratives of natural sociability central to French thought yet could also be seen as a symbol of sensibility and striving.

The book unravels these competing perspectives by analysing a diverse range of sources from etiquette books, medical writing, and life-writing, to popular theatre and canonical fiction. It draws on techniques from the emotion history, literary studies, and the medical humanities. In revealing the neglected history of an often-trivialised experience and those who suffered with it, the book makes a significant contribution both to the history of the emotions in nineteenth-century France and to present-day shyness studies.

This book examines the enduring appeal of Odysseus in artistic representation from antiquity to the present. The volume aims to provide a sense of how this character changes from ancient Greek myth through modern poetry, and how this capacity for change both perpetuates the motif of a mutable and devious character while reflecting essential anxieties over what it means to be a person. Why Odysseus? demonstrates that Odysseus was already a figure of dynamic reception in Homer's Odyssey, then examines his varied uses in antiquity, his resurgence in the twentieth century, and his flexibility in modern reception. It concludes with the challenges of translating the character from one period to the next. Why Odysseus? explores how a uniquely indeterminate character becomes an important "shifting signifier" for reflecting different periods' and peoples' values on what it means to survive-and sometimes thrive-in a world that is definitively non-heroic.

Experience a year in Los Angeles County, in all its glitter and grit, through a unique anthology that pairs essays by acclaimed writers and historians with custom maps.

When many of us picture Los Angeles, we're actually thinking of LA County. Home to roughly ten million people, the county alone is more populous than forty-two US states. Its eighty-eight cities include places made famous by Hollywood glamor and California dreaming-Beverly Hills, Malibu, and Santa Monica-but also working-class municipalities and the self-explanatory City of Industry. With a territory that includes the Pacific coastline, mountain ranges, and the high Mojave Desert, the county's landscapes have been touched by earthquakes, droughts, and, of course, devastating fires. LA County is a place of extremes: progress and injustice, innovation and stagnation.

Visions of the Southland collects essays by writers, journalists, and historians to create a nuanced portrait of LA that's grounded in the county itself-its sites, structures, and stories. Contributors-including Gustavo Arellano, Keri Blakinger, Lynell George, Christopher Hawthorne, Michael Hiltzik, Greg Hise, Carolina Miranda, Becky Nicolaides, Susan Straight, and David L. Ulin-delve into LA's infamous air pollution, movie ranches, prisons, aqueducts, urban forests, SoCal Bohemianism, and more. A custom map by Ezra Rawitsch enriches each piece and grounds the reader in specific locations throughout the county. Unfolding over the course of a year, the book traces the rhythms of politics, sports, weather, and wildlife across this sprawling and enigmatic place.

Sweeping in its scope and gorgeous in its design, Visions of the Southland will delight Angelenos, history buffs, urbanists, and map enthusiasts alike.

Notable historians delve into the brass tacks of launching and sustaining federal agencies.

Critics regularly complain that the United States government can't do big things. While their explanations differ, there is now a growing sense that American institutions are not delivering solutions to the problems of our time. The New Deal offers a striking contrast. During the 1930s, the United States created a wealth of new agencies, departments, offices, and programs-and in very short order.

This illuminating collection brings together leading American historians to offer fifteen detailed accounts of how this remarkable expansion of state capacity actually happened. From the Civilian Conservation Corps to the Rural Electrification Administration to the Securities and Exchange Commission, the authors dig into the nuts and bolts of how exactly the New Dealers did so much all at once. They detail the choices before state builders who, operating under the pressure and immediacy of the era, made decisions that held even greater consequences in the longer term.

In a time when federal agencies are under stress like never before, the contributors offer critical insights about what future administrations can learn from the New Deal's extraordinary achievements and how they can build state capacity and deliver for Americans once again.

Features contributions by W. Tanner Allread, Mary Bridges, Brent Cebul, Sarah E. Igo, Meg Jacobs, Richard R. John, Neil M. Maher, Sharon Ann Musher, Sarah T. Phillips, Kathryn Olmsted and Eric Rauchway, Alex Platt, Jason Scott Smith, Ganesh Sitaraman, Abby Spinak, Chloe Thurston, and Mason B. Williams.

This book traces the history of the Jungfraujoch research station, established in 1931 at one of the most remarkable scientific sites in the world. Conceived as part of the Jungfraujoch railroad project, the station embodied the ambition to conduct research at the highest altitude in Europe. Emerging from the collaboration between the Swiss Society of Natural Scientists and the Swiss Alpine Club, and later supported by international partners from Germany, Austria, France, Great Britain, Belgium, and the US the station soon became a symbol of scientific cooperation under challenging circumstances. Through changing political, economic, and institutional contexts-from the interwar years to the founding of the Swiss National Science Foundation in 1952-the book reconstructs how the Jungfraujoch evolved into a center for atmospheric, physical, and environmental research. It situates the station as both a pioneering scientific enterprise and a landmark in the development of organized research in Switzerland.

Explores the institutional and environmental transformations that occurred during the Reconstruction Era.

While the Reconstruction Era in America saw a paradigmatic realignment of the country's core institutions and values, there was a physical quality to Reconstruction as well: the country was not only rebuilding the South after the Civil War, but flat-out building as it expanded westward.

In Reconstructors, John Dean Davis details how the Army Corps of Engineers and its subcontractors designed and redesigned the infrastructural landscape to support the republic's rebirth. The Corps' projects not only transformed the landscape; they created markets, fostered a distinctive expansionist culture, and-for a time-enacted a less discriminatory economic and social agenda across the South and West. Davis aims to bring federal power, environmentalism, and capitalism into a frame that reveals the landscape's power to further ideology.

The life of one of history's most powerful women, retold through seven crucial episodes that shook the ancient world

Cleopatra: A Woman of Power is a major new biography of one of history's most misunderstood figures. Far from the common portrayal of her as seductress and betrayer, Cleopatra emerges as a brilliant strategist and visionary leader determined to reshape the balance of power between Rome and the Hellenistic East.

In a propulsive historical narrative, Aldo Schiavone recovers Cleopatra the woman and queen, a complex individual who was seductive not just for her beauty but for her extraordinary force of personality. Schiavone reconstructs her story through seven pivotal moments in her life: the night before the battle of Actium, which sets the stage; her meeting with Julius Caesar in Alexandria; the day of Caesar's assassination; her first meeting with Antony on the banks of the Cydnus River; her fateful alliance with him in Antioch; the day of Actium; and her encounter with the victorious Octavian and subsequent suicide in 30 BC. Schiavone reveals a woman willing to put everything on the line to achieve her aims. Had she been successful, she would have turned the political and cultural axis of Rome permanently to the East, placing her at the center of a new nexus of power-and possibly changing the course of history.

Monumental in scope, Cleopatra: A Woman of Power paints a riveting portrait of a daring ruler who adroitly navigated the shifting alliances of Rome and the ancient Mediterranean, and whose ruinous downfall was born of her ambition to remake the world.

An unparalleled portrait of nineteenth-century social reform and the magnetic oratory that gave it force, told through the career of temperance advocate John B. Gough

John B. Gough was perhaps nineteenth-century America's most famous ex-drunkard-a man who had hit rock bottom but then found the determination to recover and preach sobriety with unusual scope and impact. Through an exploration of Gough's life, Thomas Augst investigates a world in which a public speaker could achieve immense fame by delivering a remarkable 12,000 popular lectures over his lifetime across the United States, Canada, and Great Britain. Gough kept a voluminous archive of his comings and goings, day after day, speech after speech. Augst is among the first scholars to fully mine these materials, and he uses them to illuminate the redemptive power of storytelling in the lives of citizens. In the process, A Drunkard's Story follows an itinerant journey through the cultural history of social reform.

John Gough's life was fascinating in its own right, but Augst's exploration of it also opens a window onto a rich interplay among performance, autobiography, and celebrity. The ways that people flocked to hear Gough tell his tale, and the contagious enthusiasm with which he was greeted far and wide, might seem from another time-but also surprisingly contemporary in the age of the influencer.

Remember the Tuscania plunges readers into the night of February 5, 1918, when a German U-boat's torpedo found a crowded US troopship in the North Atlantic-and into the century of argument, propaganda, and remembrance that followed. At its heart are the Baraboo Twenty-One, citizen-soldiers from a Wisconsin town who survived the sinking that became the deadliest U-boat attack on Americans in the First World War and the nation's first mass-casualty event of the conflict.

Steven Trout braids military history and cultural history with a dramatic pulse. He reconstructs the voyage and catastrophe in detail. Then he follows the aftershocks across newspapers, posters, cartoons, poems, and sheet music as the home front seizes on a new rallying cry - "Remember the Tuscania!" - and turns the dead into usable symbols. Trout also exposes a War Department fiasco over casualty lists that helped force reforms to identification practices (serial numbers on dog tags; rosters kept at hand aboard transports).

Remember the Tuscania draws attention to how people memorialize dramatic wartime events: the isle of Islay's windswept "American Monument," improvised funerals beneath a hastily sewn Stars and Stripes, the formation of the National Tuscania Survivors Association, and a twenty-first-century resurrection of the story back in Baraboo. Trout shows how myth overtook messy reality and how private grief often resisted public pageantry.

Trout's narrative is a riveting, deeply researched investigation that showcases the meaning for Americans of a nearly forgotten disaster and the unbreakable ties of transatlantic remembrance that it left behind.

This book examines the semi-mythological status occupied by three foundation stallions of the Thoroughbred racehorse: the Byerley Turk, the Godolphin Arabian (or Barb), and the Darley Arabian. In the nineteenth century, it was pointed out that the winners of every significant British horse race were descendants of one of these three "Founding Fathers." This suggestion undoubtedly led to an increase in popularity of these stallions' descendants and encouraged development of their lines by wealthy and competitive racing enthusiasts. However, DNA research and historical investigations call the story of the "Founding Fathers" into question.

This book interrogates this narrative and its enduring popularity. It argues that this tale is, in essence, a constructed patriarchal myth that serviced the dominant biblical, biological, social, and political hierarchy of the period of its emergence.

Traces the rise and fall of a set of modern disciplinary fields devoted to premodern historical contact that drew on intellectual currents across and beyond China and Europe.

In The Silk Road Idea, Tamara T. Chin examines the rise of interest in "the connected past" and its impact on key disciplines, focusing on the period from 1870 to 1970. Against the predominance of national studies, Chin argues that historical contact gradually came to be regarded as an object of inquiry over a century spanning imperialism, decolonization, and the Cold War. Interest in connected histories emerged from all corners: the colonialist and the anticolonial; the capitalist and the communist; the antiquarian and the activist.

During the ascent of academic specialization, Chin contends, geography, history, philology, and linguistics domesticated contact through distinct frameworks and units of analysis, making it into something geographers mapped, historians narrated, philologists read, and linguists heard. But this also brought disruption. To historically connect Afro-Eurasia, disciplinary paradigms were questioned, and, in some cases, transformed. Intellectual debates in East Asia and Europe became entangled with those in South Asia and East Africa. Chin uses the concept of the "Silk Road" to capture the epistemological challenge of including China in a globally connected past, from the pursuit of civilizational origins to that of entangled empires. The Silk Road Idea revisits the stakes of premodern contact for the histories of colonialism, capitalism, and knowledge, showing how the connecting and reconfiguring of the modern world enabled and was enabled by a reimagination of antiquity.

A sweeping history of global interdependence from the late eighteenth to the twenty-first century-with essential lessons for today

In The Capitalist Era, leading global historian Jeremy Adelman puts the world's current unwinding in much-needed historical perspective. Combining political, economic, intellectual, and environmental history, the book tells the epic story of the forces that, since the late eighteenth century, have transformed the world into a single but fractured survival unit that is integrated by exchange and flow, yet divided by suspicion and fear. It is a story of hopes for universal peace, panic over planetary destruction, and debates, policies, and media that have shaped how people view one another across distances and borders.

The Capitalist Era chronicles how global integration compelled people from different parts of the world to reckon with what it means to need each other for resources or recognition without knowing one another, and it describes the confrontations and experiments that have shaped the world through periods of integration and disintegration over the past two centuries. As trade, migration, and new technologies have brought people closer together in search of wealth, security, and survival, there have been huge clashes and collisions involving writers and soldiers, biologists and economists, photographers and missionaries.

Strangers-are they partners or rivals, liberators or oppressors? As The Capitalist Era shows, this is perhaps the biggest question hanging over our past, present, and future. To understand our world, it is essential to grasp how strangers have regarded each other as they decided to welcome or exclude, to respect or dominate. Rejecting simplistic determinisms about inevitable peace or inescapable doom, this book illuminates the brittle unity of today's world.

A provocative account of how empire and absolutism institutionalized slavery in America

The original draft of the Declaration of Independence condemned British kings for supporting slavery in their empire. England's two seventeenth-century revolutions were in part a reaction to the crown's proslavery policies, with politicians such as John Locke arguing that all people were born equal and that government should be based on consent. But while these principles would underpin the American Revolution, the treaty that ended that war protected the legal foundations of the plantation system in the new republic. The King's Slaves untangles this thorny history, arguing that American slavery was borne from authoritarian rule.

In this incisive and thought-provoking book, Holly Brewer challenges the notion that slavery arose naturally in the colonies through the interests of merchants and planters, showing how behind them lay a British crown that believed in absolute power over subjects and granted similar powers to proprietors and masters. British kings used their authority over navies and armies, judges and royal governors to create an elaborate plantation system that produced more crops for export and greater wealth from tariffs. Royal propaganda supported claims that some peoples had no rights while edicts and proclamations circumvented the legislative process. Brewer describes how African and Indigenous peoples resisted the king's slavery, as did some colonists, English politicians, and reformers. Yet slavery persisted, becoming enshrined after independence as a dehumanizing legal foundation of American capitalism.

A bold work of scholarship by a historian at the height of her powers, The King's Slaves shares new perspectives on America's founding, exposing empire's pervasive role in spreading and justifying slavery in the new world.