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This book examines the essential role of women in cartography during WWII. Starting by highlighting the process of mapping during World War II and major employers of women cartographers, Tyner and Tyner illuminate how the discipline of cartography emerged and highlight the contributions of women involved in this process. The book uncovers the impact of WWII on mapmaking.

Before the war, cartography was seen as a tool rather than a discipline in its own right. The advent of war dramatically changed the cartographic profession and, in turn, contributed to a reimagining of cartography as a discipline. New agencies such as the Army Map Service and the Office of Strategic Services, as well as established agencies such as the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Tennessee Valley Authority, and the United States Geological Survey were commissioned to make maps for the war effort. Furthermore, the Army Map Service was the largest employer of women during the War. Overall, this inspiring book looks at the kinds of maps that women made and the attitudes towards women in cartography to tell the untold story of women cartographers during WWII.

"The veriest offscouring of the earth." That was how one Confederate soldier remembered the men of Wheat's Battalion, better known as the Louisiana Tigers. The Tigers were widely considered, by northerners and southerners alike, the wildest and wickedest unit in the South-a reputation that has long overshadowed the individual lives of the men who filled its ranks. In Louisiana's Tigers: The Men of Wheat's Confederate Battalion, Ross A. Brooks draws on unparalleled research and never-before-seen documents to look beyond battlefield myths, offering a definitive social history of these soldiers.

Louisiana's Tigers meticulously traces the lives and journeys of the battalion's members from the 1830s to their deaths. The men in the unit, products of a nation growing in wealth and size yet torn apart by slavery, were wanderers that fate brought together in New Orleans in 1861: a transient population of immigrants, native-born laborers, criminals, and opportunists. Their lives were as unfixed as that of Major Chatham Roberdeau Wheat himself, the charismatic military adventurer who led them.

In his exploration of the unit's Civil War years, Brooks focuses on the battalion's strategic role under Generals Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee but also moves beyond the battlefield, delving into the internal and surrounding tensions of this dysfunctional, constructed community and examining the frictions these men sparked among the civilians they encountered. The story continues long after the Confederate defeat, following the Tigers through Reconstruction and the Gilded Age. From building livelihoods, legal or otherwise, to founding and relying on early veterans' relief groups, many of the unit's members struggled to navigate their final years in the postwar South.

Louisiana's Tigers provides an essential look at the men in this singular battalion and the South that created them, unearthing new details of the Tigers' complex history.

Discover exciting new research illuminating the most mysterious centuries of British history.

How Roman Britain ended is one of the most controversial questions in British history. Unique among former Roman citizens in Western Europe, the Britons established long-lived kingdoms, resisting 'barbarian' political takeover for centuries. Yet so little is known of them from written records that even the names of most of their kings are effectively lost to history.

Packed with the latest discoveries and ground-breaking research, Professor Ken Dark brings the fascinating, but mysterious, world of these rulers and their kingdoms to life. Archaeological evidence, along with re-analysis of the few existing texts, reveals an unexpectedly sophisticated society, connected to a wider international network of trade and cultural contacts than might until recently have seemed imaginable. Ken Dark demonstrates through the latest archaeological discoveries that Tintagel - an eroded coastal stronghold in Cornwall, closely associated with the later legend of King Arthur - was a royal fortress and trading centre of one of the most important British kingdoms of this period.

This is a historical period filled with memorable characters and stories: from the outraged churchman Gildas, attempting to reform the corrupt rulers he thought threatened civilized life itself, to St. Patrick, who played a major part in converting Ireland to Christianity, to no less than King Arthur - whose historical existence Dark shows to be much more likely than usually supposed.

'A most fascinating and wonderful book' - Helen Pankhurst CBE

This book tells the story of the British 'votes for women' campaign in a sequence of 100 objects. From the beginning of the campaign in 1866 until all women were granted the vote on the same terms as men in 1928, women used every means in their power to persuade the government to allow them the right to elect members of parliament. Through the analysis of an astonishing array of objects - including books, bags, petitions, posters, postcards, plays, photographs, china, chess sets, leaflets, newspapers, games, jewellery, scarves, badges, belts, sashes, rosettes, films, and figurines - The British Women's Suffrage Movement in 100 Objects explores the role that material culture played in this vital struggle.

Elizabeth Crawford looks at how, during the sixty-year campaign, items that played any part in life were put to work for 'votes for women', as suffrage activists both used and abused buildings, transport, and communications. These included not only objects created by the campaigners to influence public opinion, but also those produced by commercial firms to capitalise on the extraordinary publicity generated by the 'votes for women' movement.

Every one of the 100 objects included in this highly illustrated book represents a stage in the journey to equal citizenship. Among them are many our ancestors could have had in their homes or noticed in the street. Using the words of suffrage campaigners and their contemporaries, the accompanying text sets each object in context, with passages explaining politics and key personalities included throughout.

Studies of post-war Europe have conventionally stressed the Cold War's ideological divisions and competing economic models. This open access book brings together historians from across Europe to explore the ways in which these political differences were circumvented, subverted, or overcome, whether in the spirit of international collaboration, solidarity or for more pragmatic reasons of national interest.

Rethinking Cooperation in Cold War Europe examines the systemic divide not as an Iron Curtain but - borrowing the metaphor of the Hungarian historian Gyoergy Peteri, as a 'Nylon Curtain' - a present and yet surmountable partition that was frequently breached in a variety of ways by ordinary citizens, artists, scientists, politicians, and other historical actors.

From environmental collaboration and medical ethics to academic exchanges and peace activism, this book brings to life a complex series of ambiguous allegiances and complicated collaborations. For all of the difficulties, the mistrust, the paranoia, and the ulterior motives, the contributors here demonstrate the myriad ways in which 'Bloc thinking' could be and often was overcome in the service of common interests and shared visions. With Europe today facing an array of military and political challenges unprecedented in the post-war era, the book offers a wide-ranging and timely overview of the ways in which channels of communication can be kept open even at times of heightened geopolitical tensions.

The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the European Research Council.

Shirley Rose Gray's memoir and diary chronicle her World War II experiences with a USO show in the Pacific Theater during the summer of 1945. Part of comedic film actor Eddie Bracken's troupe of entertainers, the twenty-two-year-old native of Los Angeles performed on bitterly contested islands such as Guam, Peleliu, Tinian, and Saipan, as well as aboard the aircraft carrier USS Ticonderoga and other naval vessels. Her narrative recounts traveling on crowded planes, performing in wet clothes amid stifling heat, and dealing with homesickness and physical exhaustion. In addition to encountering utterly foreign people and landscapes, Gray witnessed the human and material destruction of ferocious battles. She and the other members of Bracken's show developed a sense of camaraderie, different but somewhat akin to that among veterans.

Gray's time on the islands included memorable moments apart from her performances. She spent many hours in hospitals talking to wounded men and often served food to grateful enlisted personnel. On Peleliu, she squeezed into a cave, once used by Japanese forces as a hospital, that contained decomposing corpses of slain soldiers. She spent an hour flying in a Navy dive bomber and, encouraged by Marines, briefly steered an amphibious tank. She met many well-known figures, including Admiral Richard E. Byrd, the famous polar explorer, who gave her the stars off his uniform's collar. A bomber crew painted her picture on the nose of their aircraft and named it the "Squirrelly Shirley."

Gray's highly personal memoir, episodic in nature, is descriptive rather than contemplative. No passages explain why the U.S. military endeavor merited praise; instead, Gray takes for granted that the uniformed men who attended Bracken's show fought for a just cause. Her straightforward prose leaves no doubt that she believed the troupe contributed to the war effort, and that she derived satisfaction from her efforts on stage and in other interactions with U.S. servicemen as the war entered its final phase.

Between 1975 and 1983, Guatemala's hydrocarbon development became deeply entangled with state-led violence during the country's civil war. The United States' efforts to secure favorable access to Guatemalan oil intersected with-and in some cases redirected-the trajectory of U.S. foreign assistance and human rights policy.

In the first book on U.S.-Guatemalan hydrocarbon relations, Richard M. Balzano exposes the arms-for-aid diplomacy and duplicity in the Reagan administration, who actively supported the Guatemalan government as they inflicted violence on their own citizens. US-Guatemalan Petro-Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century makes several original contributions to the existing scholarship on Guatemalan energy development and inter-American resource imperialism. Balzano challenges the notion that Guatemala was a peripheral concern in Reagan's Cold War strategy in Central America, arguing instead that it played a pivotal role in shaping U.S. regional policy.

In Shades of Complicity, Michael W. Fitzgerald explores one family's involvement with the Reconstruction-era Ku Klux Klan. Using the newly available Pickens family correspondence housed at the University of South Alabama, he examines the varying roles of family members as terrorists, supporters, and observers.

After the Civil War, the wealthy Pickens family of western Alabama offered a home to Eyre and Murray Damer, the orphaned brothers-in-law of James Pickens, until the disruptive behavior of the young men prompted the Pickenses to apprentice them elsewhere. The Damers became involved with a cluster of terrorists operating out of a newspaper in Eutaw, Alabama, a center of Klan activity. They provided firsthand accounts of violent activities they participated in, with one later writing a Klan memoir.

Fitzgerald reveals how the criminal activities of the Damers affected the Pickens family along age, gender, and class lines. The younger Pickens boys were drawn to the rebellious lifestyle of the brothers-in-law, expressed through sexual aggressiveness, alcohol consumption, and endorsement of racist violence. Other members of the family also shared the Damers' political and racial grievances, feeling wrongly dispossessed by defeat in the Civil War. While the whole family resented the financial and psychic losses brought by emancipation and Black suffrage, some of the Pickenses distanced themselves from the violent acts that characterized the Damers and the attitudes expressed by their own younger siblings.

Shades of Complicity provides a unique inside look at how one extended family experienced the Klan, and what came of their involvement afterward.

Examining how people understood the role of the dead and the divine in the curse tablets they created, this book provides unparalleled insights into the lives of those often underrepresented in ancient sources. Looking at these small, handwritten inscriptions in Celtic, Coptic, Greek, Latin and Punic allows us to see into the lives and imaginations of the broader population, including women and enslaved peoples, from the sixth century BCE to the seventh century CE.

The book primarily focuses on the roles of the restless dead and divine in curse tablets, from actively carrying out a curse (physically or metaphysically), to their use analogically, and their function as intermediaries and witnesses. By placing the focus always on the individual, Charlotte Spence enhances our understanding both of the lives of ancient individuals and their conceptions of the dead.

This book deconstructs a century of often biased interpretations of the Russian Revolution in France. The French mainstream media routinely met the 100th anniversary of the Russian Revolution with statements about a totalitarian nightmare, as dangerous as Nazism albeit more lengthy and murderous. Far from this negative bias, the first historians of the Bolshevik Revolution in France, as Victor Serge and Boris Souvarine, were close but unapologetic witnesses of the young Soviet regime. Moreover, the French Communist Party, whose primary goal was to follow the steps of the Bolsheviks, celebrated the "Great Socialist October Revolution" every year and enjoyed the attachment of millions of supporters for decades. As far as 1968, the Sorbonne was adorned with portraits of Lenin and young rebels would discuss Makhno's merits. In order to understand such a dramatic reversal from enthusiasm and public concern to disparagement and obliteration, one has to study how the Russian Revolution had been analysed in the media, discussed in politics, understood and told by the academia and represented in popular culture all through a century in France.

Brings Connecticut suffragist and socialist Emily Pierson out of the shadows, exploring her role in the social and political movements that shook America from the 1910s to the Cold War.

At once the story of a largely forgotten local firebrand of left politics in Connecticut, Yankee Radical chronicles the life and activism of Emily Miller Pierson. Born in Cromwell, Connecticut, Pierson was the scion of a wealthy family that owned an industrial-scale horticultural firm. After graduating from Vassar College in 1907, she immersed herself in the suffrage movement, becoming the primary ground-level organizer and strategist in her state. During the 1930s, she raised her political involvement to a new level, as Connecticut's most prominent supporter of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union, and later China. Her activities as a spokesperson, leader, and "financial angel" of the left over three decades earned her FBI surveillance and a spot on the US government's Security Index for possible detention. Still, she clung fiercely to her radical beliefs up until her death at the age of eighty-nine. Drawing on Pierson's papers and FBI file, Richard Lenzi offers an in-depth look at the political and social setting in which Pierson operated, from the development of industrial unionism in the state to McCarthyism and the Cold War.

The Habsburg dynasty in Spain came to an end with the death of Charles II in 1700 and his replacement by Philip V, the teenage grandson of Louis XIV of France and founder of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain. The transition was complicated by the continent-spanning War of Spanish Succession (1702-1714), which provided an opportunity for the transformation and renewal of the Spanish state. Forging Faithful Subjects traces the Habsburg precedents for these reforms, the dynamic transition in the crucible of war, and the governing strategies through which Philip established remarkably durable nondemocratic politics in the changing world of the Age of Enlightenment.

In this innovative study of dynastic change, Phillip D. Fox challenges conventional accounts of Spanish political history and European state formation. Philip V's experience of the war and sense of betrayal by the Catalans and others drove him to cultivate loyalty in his subjects, while the monarch's sensitivity to his subjects' interests led him to balance royal control with local privilege, sometimes choosing to preserve administrative complexity rather than impose simpler centralizing reforms. These decisions paradoxically enabled Philip to secure his family's rule, increase royal resources, and recover some of the territory lost in the War of Spanish Succession.

By showing how dynastic concerns inspired such flexible strategies of governing and patronage, Forging Faithful Subjects reveals new approaches to the study of early modern state formation and the administration of empires. Fox's accessible narrative account of an often-neglected period draws on political, social, and economic history to make a groundbreaking argument demonstrating the logic behind European and Atlantic state formation during the long eighteenth century.

James O. Heath's Deep South Democrats is the story of three men who redefined the southern political landscape through unique voting records in health, housing, labor, and education. Olin Johnston of South Carolina and John Sparkman and Lister Hill of Alabama contributed to the massive impact of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal in the southern states, though the reforms didn't affect just their constituents: the New Deal's characteristics of federal intervention and economic empowerment influenced their own political outlook for decades. While the senators' consistent defense of segregation stood in stark contrast to the purported "reluctance" of their racism in their election campaigns, the benefits of their economic liberalism benefited Black communities in their states. This, in turn, ensured a remarkable measure of support among Black southerners who were registered to vote and gave the three of them an unbeatable edge over opponents who were economically and racially conservative.

In focusing on the paradoxical politics of three Deep South Democrats, Heath avoids the pitfalls of overcategorization while entertaining two possibilities. The first is that Johnston, Sparkman, and Hill privately supported the advancement of Black rights but were restrained from doing so publicly by the political realities in their states, which forced them to maintain a strict adherence to racial segregation, albeit while pursuing reforms in social policy that benefited Black and white residents alike. The second is that the three of them held racist beliefs but avoided the racist hyperbole of their contemporaries because they possessed a sense of duty to their communities. Heath's analysis considers the influence of region, rather than state, alongside tradition and family history, to explain how the reluctant racism of these three men proved unusually influential in the age of civil rights.

A native son on the history, literature, culture, and characters of the Upstate New York he loves.

Over the last three-plus decades, Bill Kauffman has written about and interviewed upstate New York novelists, politicians, and civic activists who have given the region much of its pith, vitality, and distinctiveness. Upstaters collects the best of these, including profiles of upstate novelists Walter D. Edmonds, John Gardner, and Henry W. Clune; a portrait of congressional legend and World Bank president Barber Conable; appreciations of underknown writers Josephine Young Case, Martha Treichler, and Warren Hunting Smith; and a cast of characters that includes dying men and enterprising women, enfants terribles and eminences grises, doomed folksingers, and the cheapest man in America. These men and women do not exist in isolation; they give life to and draw life from their little places, and so their communities also slip into profile, from the literary capital of New York State (Utica) to the flame-tender of an all-but-extinct Olympic sport (Angelica). Kauffman, former vice president of the minor-league Batavia Muckdogs of the New York-Penn League (extinguished by Major League Baseball), writes also of the fight to maintain baseball in a Rust Belt town in a bottom-line age. His tone throughout is by turns amused, hortatory, wistful, angry, and earnest, but most of all animated by love for the part of New York that has nurtured, annoyed, and entertained him for a lifetime.

Presenting a study of the Galli priests of the Roman cult of Cybele, the Great Mother goddess, this book examines the archaeological evidence to give a clearer picture of the priesthood. The Galli were priests renowned in Antiquity for their crossdressing, mendicant, ecstatic behaviour and their infamous act of self-castration. However, most of our understanding of the Galli comes from an incomplete, fragmentary and scathing literary record. This book aims to rectify this imbalance by re-assessing them in light of the material evidence, and by comparing them with subsequent cultural groups.

Through the use of three comparative case studies from Polynesia, India and North America, this book analyses the ancient social group with these three modern 'gender variant' counterparts to highlight the 'othered' identity and experience of the Galli. The study reveals shared similarities regarding gendered 'other' attire, religious associations and sexual relationships. This approach offers a remarkable insight into the Galli cult, and poses questions on how similar human social groups operate, irrespective of time and place.

If the heart of oral history is the interview and the heart of the interview is listening, then how can we learn to listen, and how can we teach interviewers to listen with empathy? This book reframes listening from a natural talent to a teachable skill and presents a series of listening exercises the author created to teach students and other interviewers how to become better listeners. The exercises are suitable for people at various levels and can be used by anyone interested in improving their listening skills or teaching those skills in courses or workshops. The book also includes passages from students' listening journals where they write about what they learned about listening from that exercise. In addition to offering insights into listening the journals serve as examples of how people can write their own listening journals. Other books describe ways to improve listening, but this one offers people a series of specific exercises designed to improve their listening skills.