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What events and circumstances fuelled America's fixation with the Middle East? In this book, Professor Salim Yaqub covers over 100 years of US involvement in and policy towards the Middle East to explain this vital geopolitical relationship.

Starting with the upheavals of World War I and the first stirrings of US geopolitical interest in the region, the book describes how and why the Middle East's resources, location, conflicts and crises became key concerns for the United States. This includes:

? The growing centrality of Middle Eastern oil to the global economy and to US military strategy
? The region's geographic location and efforts to combat strategic adversaries like the Axis powers during WWII and the Soviet Union during the Cold War
? Israel's cultural and political significance to American society and government
? Anti-Western "rogue" states or terrorist groups using the region as a staging area for attacks and the US response

Taking a chronological approach, the book explains how global upheavals and traumatic ruptures in the region shaped the trajectory of US-Middle East relations over successive eras. Yaqub covers the impact of WWI, WWII and decolonization as well significant events such as the 1956 Suez Crisis, the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s, Al-Qa'ida's terrorist attacks of 2001, and the Hamas raid of October 7, 2023. Readers will understand what motivated Washington's foreign policy and how it impacted the Middle East.

Pitched to university students and educated general readers, each chapter includes a timeline of relevant historical events, photographs, political cartoons, maps, and other graphics.

This book charts the evolution of animal history from 1800 to the present day, and is an essential companion for students navigating the methodological practices of the field.

Organised by theme, Writing Animal History takes readers through a variety of approaches to animal-human interactions, against the backdrop of key historiographical questions: such as agency, acculturation, and power hierarchies. With chapters on wilderness and civilisation, industrialised animals, and animals in science and technology - discussion moves from the origins of the field, to the evolving place of animals in society, and then to the future of animal history.

Schoenfelder analyses a wealth of case studies in each chapter, highlighting to students how a variety of sources, theories, and methods can be employed when writing and reflecting on animal histories. The author's use of practical examples not only demonstrates the dynamic nature of the field, and its wide geographical applications, but encourages students to approach and develop their own research questions and ideas.

Writing Animal History is a key touchstone for students learning about the practice of animal history, and is an essential tool for analysing and developing historiographical writing.

As the United States celebrates the 250-year anniversary of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the ninth edition of the hugely successful American Civilization not only describes and explains what makes the United States a "civilization" but also examines the challenges to its cohesion and democratic progress.

This edition introduces readers to the significant debates in U.S. society, culture, and politics, ensuring a nuanced understanding of the complexities of American civilization. Early chapters have been reconfigured to address the challenges of race and discrimination in American political development. The book has been fully updated to reflect developments in education and local government during the second Trump administration, a more critical approach to foreign policy which questions the concept of American exceptionalism, and an examination of the impact, in federal government terms, of the 2024 presidential campaign, election results, and the opening of Trump's second term. New sections have been added to analyse efforts to control the Department of Justice, as well as developments in Medicaid policies and the results of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act.

Supported by exercises, discussion questions, and suggestions for further reading, watching, and listening at the end of each chapter, as well as a substantial chronology of key events in U.S. history, this textbook remains an indispensable resource for students of American Studies. With its updated content and critical approach, the ninth edition equips readers with the tools to analyse and engage with the ongoing American attempt at creating "a more perfect union."

Examining a vast corpus of literary references and artistic representations, this volume offers the first comprehensive study of the ketos - the sea monster imagined by the ancient Greeks and Romans.

The chapters examine the three central traditions of thought that existed about this imaginary animal in Graeco-Roman culture. The first tradition concerns the ketos as a divinely associated monster: a force aligned with marine gods (chiefly Poseidon) and one which was fought by Heracles and Perseus. The second tradition features the ketos in more naturalised contexts, as depicted among ancient geographers and historians, as a type of monster roaming the distant waters of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The third tradition concerns the fusion of the ketos with Leviathan and the other Old Testament sea monsters in the minds of early Christians. Accordingly, this classical sea monster became the image of the creature that swallowed Jonah, and, alternatively, a monster associated with the Devil and cosmological evil.

While other monsters of Graeco-Roman mythology, such as the Minotaur and Medusa, are household names in modern popular culture, the ketos has effectively been lost in the modern imagination. Yet it was no small part of the Graeco-Roman imagination. This sea monster formed a key aspect as to how the sea-adjacent societies of ancient Greece and Rome perceived ancient marine environments. It was this fantastic sea beast that so haunted ancient mariners, and in turn, which contributed to ancient perceptions of the marine world as a profoundly alien and hostile environment.

Counters universalist narratives of mainstream feminism by examining the power exerted by four white women writer-activists to shape American society from the 1860s to 1930s.

White Woman's Burden focuses on four American writer-activists who were significant if secondary actors in the historical push for two rights that disproportionately served elite women: suffrage and equal higher education. Reflecting regional ideas about whiteness and womanhood from Massachusetts to New Mexico, Elizabeth Agassiz, Annie Fields, Annie Nathan Meyer, and Nina Otero-Warren embodied and helped nationalize the domestically defined versions of their era's mainstream feminism. Through their participation in advances in science, literary culture, higher education, state government, and language rights, these four women advocated for the interrelated objectives of (white) women's rights, US imperialism, and white nationalism. In challenging the assumption that white women's political involvement supported and supports universal goals that serve other marginalized groups, White Woman's Burden revisits mainstream feminist responses to the nineteenth-century "theory of influence," arguing that elite women's practices of social power developed during that period continue to shape our ideas about womanhood and activism into the present-from the contemporary belief in (white) women's innate civic-mindedness to white women's voting patterns in recent US presidential elections.

Explores how and why an elite member of the legal profession, Arthur Garfield Hays, confronted and fought against the ingrained racism of his society, illuminating key aspects of the long civil rights era.

Beginning in 1925 the corporate lawyer and civil libertarian Arthur Garfield Hays began battling segregation. This book details Hays's work on the Mayor's Commission that investigated the1935 Harlem riot; his role in a 1937 restrictive covenant case in Westchester, County; his representing a challenger to the segregated draft in World War II; his part in ending the exclusion of African Americans from the American Bar Association; and his opposition to strong fair employment legislation. Motivated by his conception of a good society that valued civil liberties, democracy, and individualism, Hays fought for African Americans' legal rights under the Constitution. His activism was limited by his conservative economic views and his fear of an active state that intervened in private matters. His career illuminates the potential and perils of interracial co-operation during the long civil rights movement. Because the issues he confronted continue today-police mistreatment of African Americans, housing discrimination, limits on African Americans in the professions, racial discrimination in the military, and how to build government structures to limit discrimination-this book speaks to our time as well as his.

The Early Years of Old Main, 1885-1915 details the archaeological discoveries revealed during the 2012-14 renovation of Old Main, which, due to its age and historic records, is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Thanks to detailed excavation work by a team of archaeologists, this work documents eight historic features of the building, ranging from equipment pads to drainage systems. Drawing on archaeological monitoring, artifact analysis, archival records, architectural drawings, and historic photographs, the narrative reconstructs how Old Main functioned during the university's first decades and how its physical spaces supported early scientific instruction in mining, metallurgy, and agriculture.

More than a technical report, this volume offers a tangible glimpse into the material foundations of higher education in territorial and early statehood Arizona. Madsen's careful documentation preserves knowledge of features that could not be saved during renovation and places them in the broader context of Old Main's architectural evolution and its central role on campus. The result is an important resource for historians, archaeologists, preservationists, and anyone who values the University of Arizona's heritage-demonstrating that even the most familiar buildings can still hold untold stories beneath their floors and landscapes.

The story of an outsider representing the Hasidic Satmar Jewish community of Kiryas Joel in the Orange County, New York Legislature.

Outside Looking In chronicles the saga of Michael Frank Amo, an Orange County, New York, legislator who has represented the Hasidic Jewish community of Kiryas Joel for three decades. As a political minority member of the legislature, Amo fought to get their voice and points of view heard amid during his unique role as a non-Jew representing a Satmar Hasidic community. It shows how he learned about them, how to best represent them, and why they behave so differently than others, ultimately illuminating the humanity and core values of the Satmar in relationship to the world around them, how they manage conflicts among themselves, and the non-Hasidic or secular world of Orange County. With input from many in and outside the community, Amo proposes approaches to the conflicts caused by theological differences, ignorance, bias, antisemitism, and anti-Hasidim that have fermented for nearly a half-century. For anyone interested in this unique community or the ongoing problems caused by antisemitism in our country, this book is a must read.

In Fearless Philanthropy, Roberta Brandes Gratz tells the story of Edith Rosenwald Stern-rich, progressive, and Jewish-who arrived in New Orleans in 1921, the wife of successful cotton broker Edgar Bloom Stern. Edith encountered a city rife with racism and antisemitism, and run by a set of entrenched social rules that she was not about to abide by. Her father, Julius Rosenwald of Sears & Roebuck, one of the richest men in America, had begun transforming lives of Black Americans in the South through his efforts to promote Black education. Edith proceeded to follow in his footsteps, and with her willing partner Edgar helped revolutionize aspects of New Orleans still visible today.

In telling the story of the Sterns, Gratz spotlights the outsider category of Jews in New Orleans, the specific impacts of the Mardi Gras social structure upon them, and the Sterns' influence on education in the South. Edith founded two pioneering educational institutions, while Edgar led a biracial group in the founding of Dillard University and Flint-Goodridge Hospital to serve the Black community. In 1947, Edgar purchased New Orleans radio station WDSU for son Edgar Jr. to run, and a year later Edgar Jr. opened WDSU-TV, the sixth major television station in the South. WDSU editorials favoring school integration, together with Edith's financial support of the desegregation campaign of the local women's group Save Our Schools, had a great impact during a volatile time. Edgar's rebuilding of the St. Louis Hotel (now the Royal Orleans), begun in the late 1940s and continued throughout the next decade, helped initiate the revitalization of the deteriorating French Quarter. As if that weren't enough, the Sterns led the development of Pontchartrain Park, the first Black middle-class housing development in the United States backed by the FHA.

Gratz's passionate account of Edith and Edgar Stern, showing how they grappled with issues of Black rights, philanthropy, civil rights, education, historic preservation, and the arts in a political and social climate antagonistic to change, provides a fascinating chronicle of New Orleans during a period of pivotal development.

'A most fascinating and wonderful book' - Helen Pankhurst CBE

This book tells the story of the British 'votes for women' campaign in a sequence of 100 objects. From the beginning of the campaign in 1866 until all women were granted the vote on the same terms as men in 1928, women used every means in their power to persuade the government to allow them the right to elect members of parliament. Through the analysis of an astonishing array of objects - including books, bags, petitions, posters, postcards, plays, photographs, china, chess sets, leaflets, newspapers, games, jewellery, scarves, badges, belts, sashes, rosettes, films, and figurines - The British Women's Suffrage Movement in 100 Objects explores the role that material culture played in this vital struggle.

Elizabeth Crawford looks at how, during the sixty-year campaign, items that played any part in life were put to work for 'votes for women', as suffrage activists both used and abused buildings, transport, and communications. These included not only objects created by the campaigners to influence public opinion, but also those produced by commercial firms to capitalise on the extraordinary publicity generated by the 'votes for women' movement.

Every one of the 100 objects included in this highly illustrated book represents a stage in the journey to equal citizenship. Among them are many our ancestors could have had in their homes or noticed in the street. Using the words of suffrage campaigners and their contemporaries, the accompanying text sets each object in context, with passages explaining politics and key personalities included throughout.

This book examines the complexities of global caste and status hierarchies from a historical-sociological perspective. Arguing that caste hierarchies are not a unique phenomenon in South Asia, the author offers a novel perspective on analogous behavioral patterns among elite status groups and castes in Bengal, India; Japan, and the West. A comparative analysis of the historical development of the political economies in these regions during the early modern period considers cultural variations and the persistent influence of caste on power dynamics and social inequalities. Besides exploring the enduring nature of South Asia's caste hierarchies compared to other nations, this monograph also highlights similarities between genealogical posturing, codes of masculine honor, membership in elite publish spheres, and caste discrimination, across these vastly different societies. Promoting a global sociology by combining micro-historical details with macro-institutional perspectives, it critiques dominant perspectives on caste, found in both popular and academic works, through an examination of caste both within and beyond South Asian societies. Appealing to experts in sociology, history, and anthropology, this book endeavors to position caste as a global concept, thereby enabling comparisons of complex premodern societies.

This book examines one of the main centres of the European Reformation, the Swiss city of Zurich, to explore the impact of the reformatory processes on all aspects of everyday life. It looks at how, for the early modern (non-)believers, new visions of Christian living were mediated through law, preaching, teaching, singing, reading, rumours, and heated debates in taverns.

Lived Reformation emphasises that the Reformation was for most a longlasting challenge, evident in church worship, pastoral care, policies for the poor, the spreading of literacy and implementing sexual norms.

What did it take to turn from a Catholic to a Protestant? What did it mean for a Catholic priest to become a Protestant pastor and how did they relate to their flock? What did nuns and monks do when evicted from dissolved convents? How was the visual and acoustic culture of the city altered? What
about brothels or the belief in ghosts? What impact did the new theological conception of sexuality have on hetero- and homosexual couples? How much did the population cling to their religious habits or welcome or even ask for religious changes? Was magical healing to be tolerated or did it go against the new faith? Through careful examination of Zurich's rich archival sources, this volume answers these questions and brings to life the diverse experiences of men and women in the time of the Long Reformation.

Presenting a study of the Galli priests of the Roman cult of Cybele, the Great Mother goddess, this book examines the archaeological evidence to give a clearer picture of the priesthood. The Galli were priests renowned in Antiquity for their crossdressing, mendicant, ecstatic behaviour and their infamous act of self-castration. However, most of our understanding of the Galli comes from an incomplete, fragmentary and scathing literary record. This book aims to rectify this imbalance by re-assessing them in light of the material evidence, and by comparing them with subsequent cultural groups.

Through the use of three comparative case studies from Polynesia, India and North America, this book analyses the ancient social group with these three modern 'gender variant' counterparts to highlight the 'othered' identity and experience of the Galli. The study reveals shared similarities regarding gendered 'other' attire, religious associations and sexual relationships. This approach offers a remarkable insight into the Galli cult, and poses questions on how similar human social groups operate, irrespective of time and place.