Tax revenues, as a percentage of GDP, significantly vary all around the world. It is well established that people pay taxes when they are satisfied with the quality of public services and institutions, and this volume argues that cultural value is also a critical factor in explaining the variation in tax revenues.

This book focuses on the differences in tax revenues and tax structure across both developing and developed countries. The concept of "culture" is measured using data surveys, and the effects of cultural attitudes on taxation are considered using a cross-country cultural measurement tool: the World Values Survey. Analysing the cultural attitudes revealed in the newest iteration of the survey (2017-2020), using econometric methods, this book goes beyond the traditional determinants of tax revenues to capture the effects of cultural values on taxation. There is a particular emphasis on the cases of developing and emerging economies, which have typically received less attention in the literature.

This book is addressed to researchers in economics, business schools, public policy, and other areas with an interest in taxation and the impacts of cultural dynamics on the economy.

This book presents competitive trade models to recast them from the perspective of an economy which is beset with corruption and related intermediation that requires some sort of cost. It innovatively transforms traditional models (HOSV, SFM, HO nugget) by treating intermediation as a distinct economic sector that consumes factors of production.

Through rigorous general equilibrium analysis, it also discusses real life events such as trade liberalization, capital inflow, labor immobility, extortion, etc. It is unquestionably an exciting approach to paving the way for future research around trade and development in competitive trade models befitting developing economies where ramifications of corruption and related damages are pervasive.

This book will be of interest to researchers, faculty members, and policy makers working with international trade theory and policy, development economics and labour economics.

This book aims to foster a dialogue within and across rural communities, practitioners, academics, and decision-makers for interdisciplinary collaborations and informed actions. It offers knowledge about challenges faced by rural communities around the world to assess their Vulnerabilities, Vitality assets, and Versatility to react in a time of global threats and discusses the opportunities and the limits of new technologies, such as remote sensing, to assess these rural conditions. The case studies and examples included discuss how rural communities cope with emergencies and unexpected changes from outside and how to collaborate for achieving better preparedness.

Features

• Provides a practical guide with resources and applications for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers exploring rural development challenges worldwide
• Introduces the emergent concept of "Vitality, Vulnerability and Versatility" to better grasp the challenges of ural communities
• Offers a valuable set of tools to assess rural vulnerability and vitality and focuses on long-term rural transformations that are meaningful for various communities
• Integrates remote sensing technology and explores its opportunities and limits when used in different environments
• Includes real-life case studies from different countries to illustrate how rural conditions assessment can be performed
• Introduces a visual roadmap to facilitate and compare rural assessment between and within rural communities

This book is an insightful resource for practitioners, researchers, graduate, and senior undergraduate students in the fields of urban/regional planning, land management, geography, environment studies, and remote sensing, as well as agencies and NGO institutions working with rural communities.

Research Methods: The Basics is an accessible, user-friendly introduction to the different aspects of research theory, methods and practice.

This fourth edition provides new sections on artificial intelligence and comprehensive updates to the accompanying online resources to help support use of the book in the classroom. As such, it will continue to be an essential resource for students and practitioners in a wide range of disciplines including the natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. It is structured in two parts; the first covers the nature of knowledge and the reasons for doing research, and the second explains the specific methods used to conduct an effective research project and how to propose, plan, carry out and write up a research project. This book covers

• Reasons for doing a research project
• Structuring and planning a research project
• The ethical issues involved in research
• Different types of data and how they are measured
• Collecting primary and secondary data
• Analysing qualitative and quantitative data
• Mixed methods and interdisciplinary research
• Devising a research proposal and writing up the research
• Motivation and quality of work

Complete with student learning tasks at the end of each section, a glossary of key terms and guides to further reading, Research Methods: The Basics is the essential text for anyone coming to research for the first time. New to this edition are sections on the use of artificial intelligence in research and a new and improved set of digital resources. In addition to checklists for testing knowledge and useful PowerPoint presentations for lecturers, users can also now access case studies, a range of practical examples relevant to various disciplines, class discussion questions, questions for student self-learning, study tips and practice quizzes. To access the online material, please visit: www.routledge.com/cw/walliman.

Interpretive Research Design offers a pioneering approach to understanding interpretive research by positioning it as a design-centric process. This comprehensive guide helps bridge the gap between complex research methodologies and practical application, making interpretive research accessible and actionable for students, self-directed learners, and experienced researchers alike.

This book provides essential tools and insights that empower readers to navigate the intricacies of interpretive research with confidence. Key features include practical frameworks for defining research scope, choosing methodologies, ensuring quality, and systematically analyzing data to reveal meaningful patterns. With these tools, readers are equipped to construct well-aligned, impactful research studies across diverse social contexts. Project Development Guides (PDGs) in each chapter offer practical, hands-on tools to help readers build their studies from initial curiosity to completed design.

Ideal for graduate students, educators, and professionals engaged in qualitative and discipline-based educational research across the social sciences, education, health, and STEM fields, Interpretive Research Design is an invaluable resource for those seeking to deepen their understanding of interpretive research. Its structured yet adaptable approach ensures lasting relevance across various research fields, fostering innovation and clarity in research design.

On the eugenic origins of US reproductive laws-and the surprising policy changes needed to remedy it.

The US government spends hundreds of millions of dollars every year to promote and facilitate contraception. Whereas other wealthy countries support broader fertility interventions under the banner of "family planning," the United States remains committed only to helping Americans-and especially poorer Americans-plan not to have a family.

In an unflinching treatise on one of the century's defining social issues, Leonard M. Lopoo shows how the US's asymmetric reproductive approach is a vestige of the country's earlier sins: America's first reproductive policies were authored by some of the twentieth century's most prominent eugenicists, a group whose primary goal was birth prevention among lower economic classes and racial minorities. These origins have consequently created a contradictory position for the country today, in which contraception for the lowest-income Americans is subsidized, while many upper-class Americans employ technologies to have children with preferable traits.

Lopoo recasts this personal and politicized topic in elegant, stark terms. If the United States is to legislate reproduction, the only defensible approach is equity: helping people who want children to have children. Wanting Children posits a new and elevating criterion for how we think about fertility in the twenty-first century.

This book explores the process of food migration, adaptation, and connections to cultural identities through the lens of food design research. Using design practice and methodology, it creates an awareness for the health and well-being of humanity's ecosystems through identity and adaptation.

The book examines the evolving relationship between people and food, exploring how food transforms when it migrates to new cultures, adapting to local environments, ingredients, and practices. This leads to the creation of hybrid cultural practices and identities. Food adaptation affects the three integrated aspects of personal, social, and environmental connectivity, shaping individual and national identities while influencing sustainable food choices and practices. The book analyses food transformation from these three integrated perspectives, using examples from a variety of global contexts. Key questions include how food adaptation reconciles with new identities and the impact of cultural memories on food practices, and how can food design promote sustainable, transformative food cultures? Contributors from diverse backgrounds will use design to question and foster the awareness of food's role in human health, well-being, environmental sustainability and ecology.

The Transformative Nature of Food will be of value to academics and postgraduate students in food design, cultural studies, and environmental sustainability programmes, as well as to professionals in cultural and non-profit sectors. Government agencies focused on migration, tourism, agriculture, and local development will also find this research valuable for policy and programme development.

This book is a comprehensive compilation of current knowledge on the integrated approaches and strategies of sustainable crop improvement. It encompasses a broad spectrum of subjects including the latest developments and understandings of diverse stress management techniques for sustainable crop enhancement, accelerated breeding, and genome editing. It also delves into the development of next-generation crop varieties through genomic selection to ensure food and nutritional security. It showcases biofortification as a solution to combat hidden hunger by increasing the iron, zinc, and vitamin content in staple crops and millets as resilient and nutritious crops, a key player in future food systems. Innovations in grafting and the enhancement of nutritional quality in vegetable crops are explored, along with novel technologies like plasma treatments and bioengineering to improve food and non-food crops. This book deliberates on the digital tools like high throughput phenotyping, bioinformatics, and machine learning, integrated with classical breeding to enhance crop nutrition, resilience, and sustainability for future food and nutritional security.

Key features- Enhances researchers' cognitive framework concerning state-of-the-art technologies for cereals enhancement, thereby facilitating the advancement of scientific knowledge in this domain.
- Reviews post-harvest and value addition as well as nutrition and human health.
- Facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the intricate information network underlying fundamental traits in cereals, thereby enabling researchers to unravel the underlying mechanisms governing key traits.
- Accentuates on the utilization of diverse omics methodologies and the implementation of potential cutting-edge techniques to enhance the understanding of cereal genetics and breeding, thus contributing to the expansion of knowledge in this field.
- Provides insights into the challenges and possibilities associated with integrating multiomics data, developing models, and deepening our understanding of the biological aspects of pivotal traits in cereals.
- Showcases recent breakthroughs in integrative and systems biology techniques, while illuminating prospects in this field, thus paving the way for further advancements in the study of cereals.

Based on the collaborative, interdisciplinary research project Shift-Plastics this book establish sustainable circular value chains for managing plastics in the fisheries and aquaculture industries, which are significant causes of ocean plastic pollution.

Focused on reducing plastic production and consumption by examining the entire life cycle and taking upstream measures, the Norwegian case presented in this book highlights globally relevant insights into how to manage the complexity of plastic pollution and the systemic changes needed for a sustainable circular economy (SCE).

This book takes a transdisciplinary approach, incorporating academic perspectives and collaborating with industry and public bodies to improve plastic handling in the fisheries and aquaculture industries. It integrates multiple scientific disciplines, including technological science, policy science, economics, environmental science, design thinking, and systems thinking. It also investigates the value chain of plastic use in the fisheries and aquaculture industries to map their management practices and pinpoint issues that can be improved throughout the process. In doing so, it provides practical advice on how to create effective policies in line with a SCE for both businesses and policymakers. Further, it highlights how plastic production can be reduced through extended usability, ways to apply eco-design principles to create products that can easily be disassembled, repaired, and recycled, and options for using bioplastics and recycled materials. Finally, it presents a roadmap that connects changes in industrial practices, infrastructure needs and policy design in the short, medium, and long term to achieve reduced plastic use and plastic pollution in the fisheries and aquaculture industries.

Managing Marine Plastic Pollution in Norway will be an important research reference and tool for academics, students, policymakers, industry and business professionals in pollution and waste management, sustainability, circular economy, and marine, fishery, and environmental management.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 International license.

A rich history of the development of American minimum wage policy with lessons for today.

Despite broad popular support for robust minimum wage policy, the federal minimum wage is now worth less-in real, inflation-adjusted terms-than at any time since 1949. While some state and local governments have stepped in to fill this void, others have declined to set any minimum wage standard at all. Traversing more than 100 years of history, Raising the Floor examines how interest groups have navigated the highly decentralized American political system to shape the development of federal, state, and local minimum wage laws.

In her analysis, Shanna Rose highlights the importance of American federalism. She argues that because federalism creates multiple arenas for policy change, interest groups have sought out the sites most conducive to their goals, shifting their lobbying efforts as new obstacles and opportunities emerge. Federalism has facilitated minimum wage policymaking by fostering policy experimentation, learning, and diffusion across states and by allowing state and local governments to overcome gridlock and status-quo biases at the national level. Yet, federalism has also been an instrument for containment, enabling those opposed to minimum wage increases to litigate and preempt local-level laws.

With rich historical chapters that illuminate different phases in the development of today's patchwork of wage standards, Raising the Floor is a deep examination of the past, present, and future of American minimum wage law.