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人文・社会科学の学術専門洋書 新刊書誌情報

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146701

📂 言語学 ／ 第二言語習得

応用第二言語習得 Tomlinson, Brian John / Masuhara, Hitomi, SLA Applied : Connecting Theory and Practice. 380 pp. 2021:5 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-2387 660-P7573>

ISBN 978-1-108-47182-4 hard ￥21,631.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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ISBN 978-1-108-45853-5 paper ￥10,659.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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This singular new textbook is both an introduction to the major theories of second language acquisition and a practical proposal for their application to language learning courses. It explains and evaluates these theories, and focuses on recent research that has enriched thinking about the best ways to facilitate communicative effectiveness in an L2. It then suggests practical applications regarding language planning, curriculum development, pedagogy, materials development, teacher development, and assessment, establishing a tangible connection between theory and practice. Unlike many SLA books which are narrowly focused on the acquisition of language, it explores the roles of factors such as pragmatics, para-linguistic signals, gesture, semiotics, multi-modality, embodied language, and brain activity in L2 communication. SLA Applied connects research-based theories to the authors' and students' real-life experiences in the classroom, and stimulates reflection and creativity through the inclusion of Readers' Tasks in every chapter. This engaging and relevant text is suitable for students in Applied Linguistics or TESOL courses, trainee teachers, researchers, and practitioners.
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146702

📂 哲学・社会思想・宗教 ／ 宗教

クエーカー教徒、キリスト、啓蒙思想 Pennington, Madeline, Quakers, Christ, and the Enlightenment. (Oxford Theology and Religion Monographs) 272 pp. 2021:3 (Oxford U. Pr., UK) <660-P812 661-196>

ISBN 978-0-19-289527-1 hard ￥34,485.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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The Quakers were by far the most successful of the radical religious groups to emerge from the turbulence of the mid-seventeenth century-and their survival into the present day was largely facilitated by the transformation of the movement during its first fifty years. What began as a loose network of charismatic travelling preachers was, by the start of the eighteenth century, a well-organised and international religious machine. This shift is usually explained in terms of a desire to avoid persecution, but Quakers, Christ, and the Enlightenment argues instead for the importance of theological factors as the major impetus for change. In the first sustained account of the theological changes guiding the development of seventeenth-century Quakerism, Madeleine Pennington explores the Quakers' positive intellectual engagement with those outside the movement to offer a significant reassessment of the causal factors determining the development of early Quakerism. Considering the Quakers' engagement with such luminaries as Baruch Spinoza, Henry More, John Locke, and John Norris, Pennington unveils the Quakers' concerted attempts to bolster their theological reputation through the refinement of their central belief in the 'inward Christ', or 'the Light within'. In doing so, she further challenges stereotypes of early modern radicalism as anti-intellectual and ill-educated. Rather, the theological concerns of the Quakers and their interlocutors point to a crisis of Christology weaving through the intellectual milieu of the seventeenth century, which has long been under-estimated as significant fuel for the emerging Enlightenment.
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146703

📂 言語学 ／ 第二言語習得

第二言語習得・教授における 修正フィードバック・ハンドブック Nassaji, Hossein / Kartchava, Eva (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Corrective Feedback in Second Language Learning and Teaching. (Cambridge Handbooks in Language and Linguistics) 750 pp. 2021:3 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-P7542 661-2603>

ISBN 978-1-108-49910-1 hard ￥45,457.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Corrective feedback is a vital pedagogical tool in language learning. This is the first volume to provide an in-depth analysis and discussion of the role of corrective feedback in second and foreign language learning and teaching. Written by leading scholars, it assembles cutting-edge research and state-of-the-art articles that address recent developments in core areas of corrective feedback including oral, written, computer-mediated, nonverbal, and peer feedback. The chapters are a combination of both theme-based and original empirical studies carried out in diverse second and foreign language contexts. Each chapter provides a concise review of its own topic, discusses theoretical and empirical issues not adequately addressed before, and identifies their implications for classroom instruction and future research. It will be an essential resource for all those interested in the role of corrective feedback in second and foreign language learning and how they can be used to enhance classroom teaching.
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146704

📂 言語学 ／ 音韻論

言語の韻律論ハンドブック Gussenhoven, Carlos / Chen, Aoju (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody. (Oxford Handbooks) 976 pp. 2021:1 (Oxford U. Pr., UK) <660-2354 660-P7488>

ISBN 978-0-19-883223-2 hard ￥54,078.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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This handbook presents detailed accounts of current research in all aspects of language prosody, written by leading experts from different disciplines. The last four decades have seen major theoretical and empirical breakthroughs in the field, many of them informed by interdisciplinary approaches, as reflected in this volume. Following an introductory section covering the fundamentals of language prosody research, Parts II and III trace out the position of prosody in linguistic structure and explore prosody in speech perception and production. Part IV provides overviews of prosodic systems across the world, with case studies from Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia and the Pacific, and the Americas. The chapters in Parts V, VI, and VII investigate prosody in communication, in language processing, and in language acquisition, while Part VIII examines prosody in technology and the arts. The volume's comprehensive coverage and multidisciplinary perspectives will make it an invaluable resource for all researchers, students, and practitioners interested in prosody.
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146705

📂 言語学 ／ 音声学

音声学ハンドブック Knight, Rachael-Anne / Setter, Jane (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Phonetics. (Cambridge Handbooks in Language and Linguistics) 800 pp. 2021:11 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-P7486 661-2588>

ISBN 978-1-108-49573-8 hard ￥44,830.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Phonetics - the study and classification of speech sounds - is a major sub-discipline of linguistics. Bringing together a team of internationally renowned phoneticians, this handbook provides comprehensive coverage of the most recent, cutting-edge work in the field, and focuses on the most widely-debated contemporary issues. Chapters are divided into five thematic areas: segmental production, prosodic production, measuring speech, audition and perception, and applications of phonetics. Each chapter presents an historical overview of the area, along with critical issues, current research and advice on the best practice for teaching phonetics to undergraduates. It brings together global perspectives, and includes examples from a wide range of languages, allowing readers to extend their knowledge beyond English. By providing both state-of-the-art research information, and an appreciation of how it can be shared with students, this handbook is essential both for academic phoneticians, and anyone with an interest in this exciting, rapidly developing field.
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146706

📂 言語学 ／ 語用論

語用論－案内 Birner, Betty J., Pragmatics : A Slim Guide. 192 pp. 2021:1 (Oxford U. Pr., UK) <660-2350 660-P7469>

ISBN 978-0-19-882858-7 hard ￥20,377.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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ISBN 978-0-19-882859-4 paper ￥6,266.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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This book offers a concise but comprehensive entry-level guide to the study of meaning in context. There can be a big difference between what a speaker says and what they mean - i.e. between literal meaning and intended meaning. A speaker who says I need coffee can mean anything from 'Please buy more coffee' to 'I'm really sleepy'. How is a hearer to know? In this book, Betty Birner explores how we get from what is said to what is meant, from the perspective of both the speaker and the hearer, dealing with a range of context-dependent issues in language along the way: literal and non-literal meaning, implicature, speech acts, reference, definiteness, presupposition, and information structure. She reveals how language users can infer each other's meanings using not just what is being said but also the context and an assumption of rationality and cooperation. This slim guide summarizes the most important and foundational theories in the field of linguistic pragmatics, illustrated with plenty of real-life examples, and including a helpful glossary of key terms. Written in a lively and accessible style, the book will appeal to a wide range of readers, from undergraduate and graduate students of pragmatics to general readers interested in how we successfully communicate with one another.
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146707

📂 言語学 ／ 意味論

Silk, Alex, Semantics with Assignment Variables. 280 pp. 2021:5 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-L3677 660-P7467>

ISBN 978-1-108-83601-2 hard ￥34,171.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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This pioneering study combines insights from philosophy and linguistics to develop a novel framework for theorizing about linguistic meaning and the role of context in interpretation. A key innovation is to introduce explicit representations of context - assignment variables - in the syntax and semantics of natural language. The proposed theory systematizes a spectrum of 'shifting' phenomena in which the context relevant for interpreting certain expressions depends on features of the linguistic environment. Central applications include local and non-local contextual dependencies with quantifiers, attitude ascriptions, conditionals, questions, and relativization. The result is an innovative philosophically informed compositional semantics compatible with the truth-conditional paradigm. At the forefront of contemporary interdisciplinary research into meaning and communication, Semantics with Assignment Variables is essential reading for researchers and students in a diverse range of fields.
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146708

📂 哲学・社会思想・宗教 ／ 宗教

Pihlaja, Stephen, Talk about Faith : How Debate and Conversation Shape Belief. 200 pp. 2021:1 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-L435 660-P817>

ISBN 978-1-108-47599-0 hard ￥34,171.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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How do people of faith use language to position themselves, and their beliefs and practices, in the contemporary world? This pioneering and original study looks closely at how Christians and Muslims talk to people inside and outside of their own communities about what they think are the right things to believe and do. From debates, to podcasts and YouTube videos, the book covers a range of engaging texts and contexts, showing how doctrine and beliefs are not nearly as fixed and static as we might think, and that people are prone to change what they say they believe, depending on who they are talking to. From abortion, to hell, to whether it's okay to sell alcohol, Pihlaja investigates how Christians and Muslims struggle with different elements of their own faith, and try to make decisions about what to do when there are so many different voices to believe.
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146709

📂 総　記 ／ 事典・百科事典 ・ 法　学 ／ 犯罪学・刑事政策

犯罪学と刑事司法における 研究方法百科事典　全2巻 Barnes, C. J. / Forde, David R. (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice. 2 vols. (The Wiley Series of Encyclopedias in Criminology & Criminal Justice) 1000 pp. 2021:2 (Wiley, US) <660-1 660-970>

ISBN 978-1-119-11072-9 hard ￥92,880.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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The Encyclopedia of RESEARCH METHODS IN CRIMINOLOGY & CRIMINAL JUSTICE

The most comprehensive reference work on research designs and methods in criminology and criminal justice

This Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice offers a comprehensive survey of research methodologies and statistical techniques that are popular in criminology and criminal justice systems across the globe. With contributions from leading scholars and practitioners in the field, it offers a clear insight into the techniques that are currently in use to answer the pressing questions in criminology and criminal justice.

The Encyclopedia contains essential information from a diverse pool of authors about research designs grounded in both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It includes information on popular datasets and leading resources of government statistics. In addition, the contributors cover a wide range of topics such as: the most current research on the link between guns and crime, rational choice theory, and the use of technology like geospatial mapping as a crime reduction tool. This invaluable reference work:

  • Offers a comprehensive survey of international research designs, methods, and statistical techniques
  • Includes contributions from leading figures in the field
  • Contains data on criminology and criminal justice from Cambridge to Chicago
  • Presents information on capital punishment, domestic violence, crime science, and much more
  • Helps us to better understand, explain, and prevent crime

Written for undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers, The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice is the first reference work of its kind to offer a comprehensive review of this important topic.

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146710

📂 経済学 ／ 経済理論

インフレの神話とデフレの素晴らしき世界 Mobius, Mark, The Inflation Myth and the Wonderful World of Deflation. 256 pp. 2020:11 (Wiley, US) <660-227 660-P1013>

ISBN 978-1-119-74142-8 hard ￥6,635.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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What if everything you've learned about inflation is wrong?

The Inflation Myth and the Wonderful World of Deflation illustrates our rapidly changing world where constant technological innovation leads to cheaper and better products. These changes are no longer reflected in the ways we measure inflation. Renowned investor and author Mark Mobius persuasively argues that what we believe to know about inflation today does not reflect the reality any longer. It is a myth, a legend, a fable, and, yes, a falsehood for a number of reasons.

The Inflation Myth and the Wonderful World of Deflation tackles a number of fascinating topics, including:

  • The political nature of inflation measurement where governments manipulate and exploit inflation numbers to fit their economic programs
  • The extreme difficulty involved in gathering accurate data to measure inflation and the resulting inaccuracy of those measures
  • The error of using currencies to measure inflation when those currencies are continually being debased by the governments who issue them
  • Finally, and most importantly, the advances in technology and automation which are leading to continuously falling costs for goods and services

Perfect for anyone with even a passing interest in macroeconomic phenomena or government policies, which are significantly impacting people's everyday lives around the world, The Inflation Myth and the Wonderful World of Deflation provides a remarkably compelling and provocative view of stunning originality.

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146711

📂 歴史学 ／ 南欧・北欧・他の歴史

Rodríguez-Galindo, Vanesa, Madrid on the Move : Feeling Modern and Visually Aware in the Nineteenth Century. (Interventions: Rethinking the Nineteenth Century) 312 pp. 2021:2 (Manchester U. Pr., UK) <660-L3605 660-P7274>

ISBN 978-1-5261-4436-2 hard ￥25,080.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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146712

📂 哲学・社会思想・宗教 ／ 宗教

アウグスティヌスの『神の国』必携 Meconi, Fr. David Vincent (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Augustine's City of God. (Cambridge Companions to Religion) 2021:5 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-169 660-P783>

ISBN 978-1-108-42251-2 hard ￥28,528.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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ISBN 978-1-108-43544-4 paper ￥10,659.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Augustine of Hippo's The City of God is generally considered to be one of the key works of Late Antiquity. Written in response to allegations that Christianity had brought about the decline of Rome, Augustine here explores themes in history, political science, and Christian theology, and argues for the truth of Christianity over competing religions and philosophies. This Companion volume includes specially-commissioned essays by an international team of scholars that provide new insights into The City of God. Offering commentary on each of this massive work's 22 books chapters, they sequentially and systematically explore The City of God as a whole. Collectively, these essays demonstrate the development and coherence of Augustine's argument. The volume will be an invaluable resource for students and scholars of ancient and contemporary theology, philosophy, cultural studies, and political theory.
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146713

📂 歴史学 ／ 南欧・北欧・他の歴史

Snelders, Stephen, Smuggling Narcotics and the Netherlands, 1920-1995. 288 pp. 2021:2 (Manchester U. Pr., UK) <660-L3606 660-P7279>

ISBN 978-1-5261-5139-1 hard ￥26,647.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Why did the international drug regulatory regime of the twentieth century fail to stop an explosive increase in trade and consumption of illegal drugs? This study investigates the histories of smugglers and criminal entrepreneurs in the Netherlands who succeeded in turning the country into the so-called 'Colombia of Europe' or, 'the international drug supermarket'. Increasing state regulations and interventions led to the proliferation of a 'hydra' of small, anarchic groups and networks ideally suited to circumvent the enforcement of regulation. Networks of smugglers and suppliers of heroin, cocaine, cannabis, XTC, and other drugs were organized without a strict formal hierarchy and based on personal relations and cultural affinities rather than on institutional arrangements. These networks created a thriving underground industry of illegal synthetic drug laboratories and indoor cannabis cultivation in the Netherlands itself. Their operations were made possible and developed because of the deep historical social and cultural 'embeddedness' of criminal anarchy in Dutch society. Using examples from the rich history of drug smuggling, Drug smuggler nation investigates the deeper and hidden grounds of the illegal drug trade, and its effects on our drug policies.
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146714

📂 哲学・社会思想・宗教 ／ 宗教

古代ユダヤ教における力と感情 Mermelstein, Ari, Power and Emotion in Ancient Judaism : Community and Identity in Formation. 350 pp. 2021:5 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-P784 661-168>

ISBN 978-1-108-83155-0 hard ￥25,707.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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In this book, Ari Mermelstein examines the mutually-reinforcing relationship between power and emotion in ancient Judaism. Ancient Jewish writers in both Palestine and the diaspora contended that Jewish identity entails not simply allegiance to God and performance of the commandments but also the acquisition of specific emotional norms. These rules regarding feeling were both shaped by and responses to networks of power - God, the foreign empire, and other groups of Jews - which threatened Jews' sense of agency. According to these writers, emotional communities that felt Jewish would succeed in neutralizing the power wielded over them by others and, depending on the circumstances, restore their power to acculturate, maintain their Jewish identity, and achieve redemption. An important contribution to the history of emotions, this book argues that power relations are the basis for historical changes in emotion discourse.
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146715

📂 歴史学 ／ ロシア・ソ連・東欧の歴史

忘れられた戦争－中東欧　1912～16年 Borodziej, Wlodzimierz / Górny, Maciej, Forgotten Wars : Central and Eastern Europe, 1912-1916. (Studies in the Social and Cultural History of Modern Warfare) 345 pp. 2021:3 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-P7288 661-2518>

ISBN 978-1-108-83715-6 hard ￥27,274.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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版元の原価改定、外国為替の変動等により異なる場合がございますので、予めご了承下さい。 GB£ 75.00 お気に入り ★★★ カートに入れる
Wlodzimierz Borodziej and Maciej Gorny set out to salvage the historical memory of the experience of war in the lands between Riga and Skopje, beginning with the two Balkan conflicts of 1912-1913 and ending with the death of Emperor Franz Joseph in 1916. The First World War in the East and South-East of Europe was fought by people from a multitude of different nationalities, most of them dressed in the uniforms of three imperial armies: Russian, German, and Austro-Hungarian. In this first volume of Forgotten Wars, the authors chart the origins and outbreak of the First World War, the early battles, and the war's impact on ordinary soldiers and civilians through to the end of the Romanian campaign in December 1916, by which point the Central Powers controlled all of the Balkans except for the Peloponnese. Combining military and social history, the authors make extensive use of eyewitness accounts to describe the traumatic experience that established a region stretching between the Baltic, Adriatic, and Black Seas.
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146716

📂 歴史学 ／ ロシア・ソ連・東欧の歴史

近世ロシアにおける王位継承 －権力の移譲　1450～1725年－ Bushkovitch, Paul, Succession to the Throne in Early Modern Russia : The Transfer of Power 1450-1725. 2021:3 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-P7292 661-2525>

ISBN 978-1-108-47934-9 hard ￥42,949.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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版元の原価改定、外国為替の変動等により異なる場合がございますので、予めご了承下さい。 GB£ 90.00 お気に入り ★★★ カートに入れる
This revisionist history of succession to the throne in early modern Russia, from the Moscow princes of the fifteenth century to Peter the Great, argues that legal primogeniture never existed: the monarch designated an heir that was usually the eldest son only by custom, not by law. Overturning generations of scholarship, Paul Bushkovitch persuasively demonstrates the many paths to succession to the throne, where designation of the heir and occasional elections were part of the relations of the monarch with the ruling elite, and to some extent the larger population. Exploring how the forms of designation evolved over the centuries as Russian culture changed, and in the later seventeenth century made use of Western practices, this study shows how, when Peter the Great finally formalized the custom in 1722 by enshrining the power of the tsar to designate in law, this was not a radical innovation but was in fact consistent with the experience of the previous centuries.
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146717

📂 歴史学 ／ ロシア・ソ連・東欧の歴史

第二次世界大戦期のソ連の銃後 Goldman, Wendy Z. / Filtzer, Donald, Fortress Dark and Stern : The Soviet Home Front during World War II. 480 pp. 2021:5 (Oxford U. Pr., US) <660-P7308 661-2530>

ISBN 978-0-19-061841-4 hard ￥9,835.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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The first history of the Soviet home front experience during World War II and of the civilians who bore the burden of total war and played a critical role in the global victory over fascism. After Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, German troops conquered the heartland of Soviet industry and agriculture and turned the occupied territories into mass killing fields. The country's survival hung in the balance. In Fortress Dark and Stern, Wendy Z. Goldman and Donald Filtzer tell the epic tale of the Soviet home front during World War II. Against the backdrop of the Red Army's early retreats and hard-fought advances after Stalingrad, they present the impact of total war behind the front lines in a chronicle of spirited defense efforts, draconian state directives, teeming black markets, official corruption, and selfless heroism. In one of the greatest wartime feats in history, Soviet workers rapidly evacuated factories, food, and people thousands of miles to the east. After long and dangerous journeys in unheated boxcars, they built a new industrial base beyond the reach of German bombers. As the Soviet state reached the height of its power, imposing military discipline and sending millions of people to work thousands of miles from home, ordinary people withstood starvation, epidemics, and horrific living conditions to supply the front and make the Allied victory possible This book examines the dark and painful war years from a new perspective, telling the stories of evacuees, refugees, teenaged and women workers, runaways from work, prisoners, and deportees. Based on a vast trove of new archival materials, Fortress Dark and Stern reveals a history of suffering, sacrifice, and ultimate triumph largely unknown to Western readers.
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146718

📂 哲学・社会思想・宗教 ／ 宗教 ・ 政治学 ／ 平和研究・軍事問題 ・ 歴史学 ／ 通史・歴史一般

戦争と宗教入門 Mitchell, Jolyon / Rey, Joshua, War and Religion : A Very Short Introduction. (Very Short Introductions) 152 pp. 2021:3 (Oxford U. Pr., UK) <660-P4159 660-P6417>

ISBN 978-0-19-880321-8 paper ￥1,969.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Very Short Introductions: Brilliant, Sharp, Inspiring Is religion a force for war, or a force for peace? Some of the most terrible wars in history have been caused and motivated by religion. Much of the violence that fills our screens today springs from the same source. Yet some of the bravest pacifists have also been deeply religious people, and many of the laws and institutions that work to soften or prevent war have deep religious roots. This Very Short Introduction provides an overview of the history of religion and war, and a framework for analysing it. Ranging from the warrior gods of Ancient Greece and Rome, and the ethical drama of the Mahabharata, through the Islamic wars of conquest and the Crusades, to present day conflicts in Sri Lanka and the Balkans, it considers the entanglement of war and religion. Yet from Just War theory and the restraints on war-making imposed by Islamic jurisprudence, through the Pax Christi of the middle ages, to the non-violence of Gandhi and Bacha Khan; there is also a story to be told of peace and religion as well. Jolyon Mitchell and Joshua Rey consider both sides of the age long drama of war and religion, challenging assumptions at the most fundamental level. Throughout, they encourage a more sophisticated and well-grounded view on these issues that have had such weight in the past, and continue to shape our present and future. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
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146719

📂 歴史学 ／ ロシア・ソ連・東欧の歴史

中地美枝著　戦後ソ連における女性の生殖の政治 Nakachi, Mie, Replacing the Dead : The Politics of Reproduction in the Postwar Soviet Union. 328 pp. 2021 (Oxford U. Pr., US) <660-2314 660-P7335>

ISBN 978-0-19-063513-8 hard ￥16,473.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Drawing on never before used archival materials, Replacing the Dead exposes the history of Soviet and Russian abortion policy. It is not unusual for nations recovering from wars to incentivize their populations to raise their birthrates. The post-World War II Soviet pronatalism campaign attempted this on an unprecedented scale, aiming to replace a lost population of 27 million. Why, then, did the USSR re-legalize abortion in 1955? Mie Nakachi uses previously hidden archival data to reveal that decisions made by Stalin and Khruschev under the rubric of 'family law' created a society of broken marriages, "fatherless" children, and abortions, each totaling in the tens of millions. The government reversed laws regarding paternal responsibility, thereby encouraging men to impregnate unmarried women and widows, and blocked available contraception, overriding the advice of the medical establishment. Some 8.7 million out-of-wedlock children were born between 1945 and 1955 alone. In the absence of serious commitment to supporting Soviet women who worked full-time, the policy did extensive damage to gender relations and the welfare of women and children. Women, famous cultural figures, and Soviet professionals initiated a movement to improve women's reproductive health and make all children equal. Because Soviet leaders did not allow any major reform, an abortion culture grew among Soviet women and spread throughout the Soviet sphere, including Eastern Europe and China. Based on groundbreaking research, Replacing the Dead traces how the idea of women's right to an abortion emerged from an authoritarian society decades before it did in the West and why it remains the dominant method of birth control in present-day Russia.
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146720

📂 哲学・社会思想・宗教 ／ 宗教 ・ アジア・中東・アフリカ・ラテンアメリカ・オセアニア ／ 中東・北アフリカ

Moumtaz, Nada, God's Property : Islam, Charity, and the Modern State. (Islamic Humanities) 283 pp. 2021:2 (U. California Pr., US) <660-L2258 660-L422>

ISBN 978-0-520-34587-4 paper ￥7,995.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org.

Up to the twentieth century, Islamic charitable endowments provided the material foundation of the Muslim world. In Lebanon, with the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the imposition of French colonial rule, many of these endowments reverted to private property circulating in the marketplace. In contemporary Beirut, however, charitable endowments have resurfaced as mosques, Islamic centers, and nonprofit organizations. A historical anthropology in dialogue with Islamic law, God's Property demonstrates how these endowments have been drawn into secular logics-no longer the property of God but of the Muslim community-and shaped by the modern state and modern understandings of charity and property. Although these transformations have produced new kinds of loyalties and new ways of being in society, Moumtaz's ethnography reveals the furtive persistence of endowment practices that perpetuate older ways of thinking of one's self and one's responsibilities toward family and state.

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146721

📂 歴史学 ／ ファシズム・抵抗運動史

なぜドイツはアメリカに対し宣戦布告したのか Schmider, Klaus H., Hitler's Fatal Miscalculation : Why Germany Declared War on the United States. (Cambridge Military Histories) 2021:1 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-2254 660-P7177>

ISBN 978-1-108-83491-9 hard ￥11,913.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Hitler's decision to declare war on the United States has baffled generations of historians. In this revisionist new history of those fateful months, Klaus H. Schmider seeks to uncover the chain of events which would incite the German leader to declare war on the United States in December 1941. He provides new insights not just on the problems afflicting German strategy, foreign policy and war production but, crucially, how they were perceived at the time at the top levels of the Third Reich. Schmider sees the declaration of war on the United States not as an admission of defeat or a gesture of solidarity with Japan, but as an opportunistic gamble by the German leader. This move may have appeared an excellent bet at the time, but would ultimately doom the Third Reich.
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146722

📂 歴史学 ／ ロシア・ソ連・東欧の歴史

第二次世界大戦後のウクライナの再形成 Slaveski, Filip, Remaking Ukraine after World War II : The Clash of Local and Central Soviet Power. (New Studies in European History) 200 pp. 2021:1 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-2308 660-P7343>

ISBN 978-1-108-84025-5 hard ￥27,274.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Ukraine was liberated from German wartime occupation by 1944 but remained prisoner to its consequences for much longer. This study examines Soviet Ukraine's transition from war to 'peace' in the long aftermath of World War II. Filip Slaveski explores the challenges faced by local Soviet authorities in reconstructing central Ukraine, including feeding rapidly growing populations in post-war famine. Drawing on recently declassified Soviet sources, Filip Slaveski traces the previously unknown bitter struggle for land, food and power among collective farmers at the bottom of the Soviet social ladder, local and central authorities. He reveals how local authorities challenged central ones for these resources in pursuit of their own vision of rebuilding central Ukraine, undermining the Stalinist policies they were supposed to implement and forsaking the farmers in the process. In so doing, Slaveski demonstrates how the consequences of this battle shaped post-war reconstruction, and continue to resonate in contemporary Ukraine, especially with the ordinary people caught in the middle.
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146723

📂 歴史学 ／ フランス史

J.ホーン著　A.Rousselinとフランス革命 Horn, Jeff, The Making of a Terrorist : Alexandre Rousselin and the French Revolution. 248 pp. 2021:1 (Oxford U. Pr., US) <660-2269 660-P7209>

ISBN 978-0-19-752992-8 hard ￥20,363.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Much has been written about the French Revolution and especially its bloody phase known as the Reign of Terror. The actions of the leaders who unleashed the massacres and public executions, especially Maximilien Robespierre and Georges Danton, are well known. They inspired many soldiers in the Revolutionary cause, who did not survive, let alone thrive, in the post-Revolutionary world. In this work of historical reconstruction, Jeff Horn recounts the life of Alexandre Rousselin and narrates the history of the age of the French Revolution from the perspective of an eyewitness. From a young age, Rousselin worked for and with some of the era's most important men and women, giving him access to the corridors of power. Dedication to the ideals of the Revolution led him to accept the need for a system of Terror to save the Republic in 1793-94. Rousselin personally utilized violent methods to accomplish the state's goals in Provins and Troyes. This terrorism marked his life. It led to his denunciation by its victims. He spent the next five decades trying to escape the consequences of his actions. His emotional responses as well as the practical measures he took to rehabilitate his reputation illuminate the hopes and fears of the revolutionaries. Across the first four decades of the nineteenth century, Rousselin acquired a noble title, the comte de Saint-Albin, and emerged as a wealthy press baron of the liberal newspaper Le Constitutionnel. But he could not escape his past. He retired to write his own version of his legacy and to protect his family from the consequences of his actions as a terrorist during the French Revolution. Rousselin's life traces the complex twists and turns of the Revolution and demonstrates how one man was able to remake himself, from a revolutionary to a liberal, to accommodate regime change.
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146724

📂 歴史学 ／ ロシア・ソ連・東欧の歴史

1837年－ロシアの静かな革命 Werth, Paul, 1837 : Russia's Quiet Revolution. 224 pp. 2021:2 (Oxford U. Pr., UK) <660-2315 660-P7346>

ISBN 978-0-19-882635-4 hard ￥15,358.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Historians often think of Russia before the 1860s in terms of conservative stasis, when the "gendarme of Europe" secured order beyond the country's borders and entrenched the autocratic system at home. This book offers a profoundly different vision of Russia under Nicholas I. Drawing on an extensive array of sources, it reveals that many of modern Russia's most distinctive and outstanding features can be traced back to an inconspicuous but exceptional year. Russia became what it did, in no small measure, because of 1837. The catalogue of the year's noteworthy occurrences extends from the realms of culture, religion, and ideas to those of empire, politics, and industry. Exploring these diverse issues and connecting seemingly divergent historical actors, Paul W. Werth reveals that the 1830s in Russia were a period of striking dynamism and consequence, and that 1837 was pivotal for the country's entry into the modern age. From the romantic death of Russia's greatest poet Alexander Pushkin in January to a colossal fire at the Winter Palace in December, Russia experienced much that was astonishing in 1837: the railway and provincial press appeared, Russian opera made its debut, Orthodoxy pushed westward, the first Romanov visited Siberia-and much else besides. The cumulative effect was profound. The country's integration accelerated, and a Russian nation began to emerge, embodied in new institutions and practices, within the larger empire. The result was a quiet revolution, after which Russia would never be the same.
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146725

📂 言語学 ／ 認知言語学

発話の過程研究 Boucher, Victor J., The Study of Speech Processes : Addressing the Writing Bias in Language Science. 2021:2 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-2344 660-P7355>

ISBN 978-1-107-18503-6 hard ￥34,171.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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There has been a longstanding bias in the study of spoken language towards using writing to analyse speech. This approach is problematic in that it assumes language to be derived from an autonomous mental capacity to assemble words into sentences, while failing to acknowledge culture-specific ideas linked to writing. Words and sentences are writing constructs that hardly capture the sound-making actions involved in spoken language. This book brings to light research that has long revealed structures present in all languages but which do not match the writing-induced concepts of traditional linguistic analysis. It demonstrates that language processes are not physiologically autonomous, and that speech structures are structures of spoken language. It then illustrates how speech acts can be studied using instrumental records, and how multisensory experiences in semantic memory couple to these acts, offering a biologically-grounded understanding of how spoken language conveys meaning and why it develops only in humans.
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146726

📂 言語学 ／ 言語学概論、一般理論 ・ 言語学 ／ その他の言語

メソアメリカの言語における主辞の無い関係節 Caponigro, Ivano / Torrence, Harold et al. (eds.), Headless Relative Clauses in Mesoamerican Languages. 584 pp. 2021:2 (Oxford U. Pr., US) <660-2394 660-L3640>

ISBN 978-0-19-751837-3 hard ￥41,184.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Headless relative clauses have received little attention in the linguistic literature, despite the many morpho-syntactic and semantic puzzles they raise. These clauses have been even more neglected in the study of Mesoamerican languages. Headless Relative Clauses in Mesoamerican Languages constitutes the first in-depth, systematic study of the topic. Spanning fifteen languages from five language families, it is the broadest crosslinguistic study of headless relative clauses yet conducted. For most of these languages there is no previous descriptive or documentary material on wh-constructions in general, let alone headless relative clauses. Many of the languages are threatened or endangered; all are understudied. Each chapter in this volume constitutes an original contribution to typological and theoretical linguistics. The first chapter provides a comprehensive introduction to the varieties of headless relative clauses and their importance to the study of human language, while the other chapters are language-specific and follow a uniform format to facilitate comparisons and generalizations across languages. Through the collective work of a team of twenty-one scholars, Headless Relative Clauses in Mesoamerican Languages presents a clear and systematic introduction to relative and interrogative clauses in Mesoamerican languages.
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146727

📂 言語学 ／ 第二言語習得

言語テストにおける妥当性論証 Chapelle, Carol A. / Voss, Erik (eds.), Validity Argument in Language Testing : Case Studies of Validation Research. (Cambridge Applied Linguistics) 320 pp. 2021:2 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-2366 660-P7358>

ISBN 978-1-108-48402-2 hard ￥34,171.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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ISBN 978-1-108-70570-7 paper ￥11,599.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Language tests play pivotal roles in education, research on learning, and gate-keeping decisions. The central concern for language testing professionals is how to investigate whether or not tests are appropriate for their intended purposes. This book introduces an argument-based validity framework to help with the design of research that investigates the validity of language test interpretation and use. The book presents the principal concepts and technical terms, then shows how they can be implemented successfully in practice through a variety of validation studies. It also demonstrates how argument-based validity intersects with technology in language testing research and highlights the use of validity argument for identifying research questions and interpreting the results of validation research. Use of the framework helps researchers in language testing to communicate clearly and consistently about technical issues with each other and with researchers of other types of tests.
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146728

📂 哲学・社会思想・宗教 ／ 宗教

神の神聖性と行為 Murphy, Mark C., Divine Holiness and Divine Action. (Oxford Studies in Analytic Theology) 288 pp. 2021:2 (Oxford U. Pr., UK) <660-170 660-P796>

ISBN 978-0-19-886478-3 hard ￥34,485.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Holiness is the attribute most emphatically ascribed to God in Scripture, but there has been little attention devoted to characterizing and considering the entailments of divine holiness. In Divine Holiness and Divine Action, Mark C. Murphy defends an account of holiness indebted to Rudolf Otto's description of the experience of the holy as that of a mysterium tremendum et fascinans. God's being holy consists in God's being someone with whom intimate union is both extremely desirable for us and yet something for which we-and indeed any limited beings-are unfit. This notion of divine holiness is useful for addressing disputed theological questions regarding divine action. In contrast to standard accounts of divine action that begin with assumptions regarding God's moral perfection or God's maximal love, the appeal to divine holiness supports a rival framework for explaining and predicting divine action-the holiness framework-according to which God is motivated to act in ways that are a response to God's own value by keeping distance from that which is deficient, defective, or in any way limited in goodness. This study exhibits the fruitfulness of a reorientation from the morality and love frameworks to the holiness framework by showing how such a reorientation suggests distinct approaches to perennial problems of divine action regarding creation, incarnation, atonement, and salvation. From the treatment of these perennial problems, a general theme regarding divine action emerges: that God's interaction with the world exhibits a radical sort of humility.
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146729

📂 言語学 ／ 言語学総記

言語事典 McIntyre, Dan / Jeffries, Lesley / Evans, Matt et al., The Babel Lexicon of Language. 200 pp. 2021:11 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <660-2317 660-P7379>

ISBN 978-1-108-84045-3 hard ￥24,139.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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ISBN 978-1-108-81408-9 paper ￥6,897.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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What's the word that describes the process of making supportive noises when you're listening to someone? What is syntax and how does it differ from grammar? Do you know what a morpheme is? And did you know that it's not only an atom that has a nucleus? The Babel Lexicon of Language is an entertaining and accessible introduction to the key terminology involved in the study of language. It defines over 500 terms and uses contemporary language examples, explaining complex issues in an easy-to-understand way. Written by the expert editorial team behind Babel, the popular language magazine, and assuming no prior knowledge of linguistics, The Babel Lexicon of Language is an invaluable resource for students, teachers and anyone with an interest in language.
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146730

📂 哲学・社会思想・宗教 ／ 宗教

Neil, Bronwen, Dreams and Divination from Byzantium to Baghdad, 400-1000 CE. (Oxford Studies in the Abrahamic Religions) 256 pp. 2021:1 (Oxford U. Pr., UK) <660-L424 660-P797>

ISBN 978-0-19-887114-9 hard ￥31,036.- (税込) ※（※）価格はご注文時の参考価格となります。
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Why did dreams matter to Jews, Byzantine Christians, and Muslims in the first millennium? Dreams and Divination from Byzantium to Baghdad, 400 - 1000 CE shows how the ability to interpret dreams universally attracted power and influence in the first millennium. In a time when prophetic dreams were viewed as God's intervention in human history, male and female prophets wielded was unparalleled power in imperial courts, military camps, and religious gatherings. The three faiths drew on the ancient Near Eastern tradition of dream key manuals, which offer an insight into the hopes and fears of ordinary people. They melded pagan dream divination with their own scriptural traditions to produce a novel and rich culture of dream interpretation. Prophetic dreams enabled communities to understand their past and present circumstances as divinely ordained and helped to bolster the spiritual authority of dreamers and those who had the gift of interpreting their dreams. Bronwen Neil takes a gendered approach to the analysis of the common culture of dream interpretation across late antique Jewish, Byzantine, and Islamic sources to 1000 CE, in order to expose the ways in which dreams offered women a unique opportunity to exercise influence. The epilogue to the volume reveals why dreams still matter today to many men and women of the monotheist traditions.
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