This book aims to provide insights into the field of ICT-related teacher professional development, making valuable theoretical, empirical, and methodological contributions to the research within educational settings in developing countries like Vietnam. Over the years, technology has been an irreversible force driving educational transformation. Teachers' digital competence is increasingly essential for the effective integration of educational technology across curricula and plays an important role in ensuring quality assurance. English language teachers worldwide face similar challenges in upskilling and reskilling due to the fast development of information technology. In response to these global and local demands, governments from different continents (e.g. Asia, Europe or Africa, etc.) have been investing in educational technology as a pathway to sustainable social development.

In-service digital mediated training is essential for teachers' upskilling and reskilling, requiring a context dependent framework for ICT-related professional development. Although numerous studies address the theme of educational technology, this book stands out as the first to establish a framework grounded in general theory of pedagogy, andragogy and a comprehensive need analysis. The empirical triangulation research with data collected from the surveys, interviews and meta-document analysis was employed in this study. This book provides practical guidelines and recommendations for policy makers, educators, curriculum designers and academic scholars. The findings offer valuable insights for language teacher educators and trainers, guiding an effective technology integration in English language education and shaping forward-thinking approach in a digitalized world.

This is an Open access book which provides insights into innovative approaches in designing, implementing, and evaluating professional development programs for English-Medium Instruction (EMI) faculty. It offers empirically-grounded solutions to the pressing challenge of supporting faculty who teach disciplinary content through English in non-Anglophone contexts, addressing the current lack of an established paradigm for effective EMI faculty development practices. As EMI expands globally across higher education institutions, faculty face complex linguistic, pedagogical, and disciplinary demands that call for targeted professional support. However, limited research exists exploring specific design and implementation features of faculty development programs and their impact on teaching practices and student outcomes. The volume bridges these crucial gaps by showcasing original empirical studies that demonstrate clear connections across program design choices, implementation strategies, and resulting effects on faculty instructional practices and decision-making. Featuring in-depth case studies from diverse institutional and sociocultural settings in Asia, Europe, and Latin America, the collection offers unique perspectives on how faculty developers have addressed the shared challenge of supporting EMI faculty professional development. The book features diverse methodological approaches - including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies - that foreground multiple aspects of EMI faculty development: collaborative practices within professional development initiatives, innovative approaches to pedagogy integrating language and content support, institutional frameworks for sustainable implementation, and longitudinal analysis of program impact on teaching and learning. The contributing authors expand the conceptual and disciplinary foundations of EMI faculty development research by drawing on their diverse scholarly perspectives from educational psychology, applied linguistics, second language studies, STEM education, and educational policy and leadership, as well as their lived experiences in developing, implementing, and assessing professional development initiatives. The volume aims to provide evidence-based guidance for creating sustainable and effective support for EMI faculty development and contribute to paradigm-building in EMI. It is poised to be essential reading for multiple audiences in global higher education, including EMI researchers, faculty developers, language educators, higher education administrators, and graduate student researchers.

This book is a guide to help psychotherapists, counsellors, and other mental health practitioners navigate the ethical dilemmas and challenges inherent to Islamic psychotherapy. In recent decades, the therapeutic application of Islamic psychotherapy has gained remarkable momentum. This approach integrates religion and spirituality into mental health practices, offering profound insights and benefits for clients. However, the incorporation of spirituality and religion into psychotherapy also raises a range of ethical dilemmas and challenges that remain insufficiently addressed in the literature. This book seeks to address this critical gap by providing a comprehensive resource that offers both theoretical foundations and practical strategies for identifying, understanding, and resolving ethical dilemmas when working with Muslim clients.

Grounded in the ethical principles of Islam, it draws upon Qur'anic teachings, hadith, and Islamic jurisprudence while incorporating insights from contemporary ethical practices in psychology and psychotherapy. Additionally, the book emphasizes the importance of cultural competence, presenting case studies, practical examples, and best practices tailored to the unique needs of Muslim clients. Grounded in Islamic principles, this work aspires to bridge the gap between mainstream ethical frameworks and culturally sensitive, Islamically-informed practices in psychotherapy.

Through its comprehensive exploration of these challenges, Ethical Dilemmas in Islamic Psychotherapy: Balancing Faith, Culture, and Professional Ethics not only fills a critical gap in the literature but also contributes to the broader discourse on the integration of religion and spirituality in mental health care. By doing so, it empowers practitioners to deliver ethical, effective, and competent care to Muslim clients, fostering greater trust and healing within the therapeutic relationship.

This open access edited volume brings together original perspectives on the important topic of educational integration of refugees and newly arrived immigrants and discusses implications for policymakers and practitioners. It highlights that, despite significant migration movements in recent years, the body of research addressing school integration processes and the role of regulations and laws remains limited. These factors are considered important for early adaptation, long-term acculturation, and the overall integration of newly arrived immigrants.

The volume brings together qualitative and quantitative studies on educational participation in primary and secondary education as well as in vocational education and training. It also examines the challenges involved in acquiring second-language proficiency and achieving success across a range of school subjects. It explores the institutional conditions for the educational integration of refugees and newly arrived immigrants (particularly access to education, academic achievement, and attainment) across different host countries, including Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, and Sweden. It offers valuable insights and discusses potential implications for researchers studying educational opportunities of immigrant youth, as well as for policymakers and policy advisors.

A detailed commentary with a new translation that integrates intertextual, theological, literary, and historical perspectives

This historical and literary commentary on the Qur'an's first two surahs provides a structural analysis of the two texts, advances a novel theory of Surah 2's intricate redactional history, contextualizes the Qur'an among writings from the Biblical tradition, and considers a variety of other textual, linguistic, and theological issues. It offers the first comprehensive historical and literary commentary in English on Surah 2, the longest and most complex Qur'anic text. Both surahs have been newly translated by the author.

Surahs 1 (Surat al-Fati?ah, "The Opening") and 2 (Surat al-Baqarah, "The Cow") discuss such important theological notions as divine testing and divine foreknowledge; offer narratives about Adam, Abraham, Saul, and other figures; include polemics against Jews and Christians; and issue legislative commandments, with an emphasis on those relating to marriage and divorce. Building on his previous work, Key Terms of the Qur'an, Nicolai Sinai begins each surah commentary with an introductory overview, and then proceeds to a verse-by-verse exegesis. He pays particular attention to inner-Qur'anic parallels and doublets and to the resulting questions of textual chronology. Sinai's commentaries make selective use of interpretive resources found in premodern Islamic Qur'an scholarship. Short summaries follow the detailed exegetical treatment of each surah.

The Qur'an, like the Bible, is a sophisticated work of literature that employs artful compositional techniques. This volume offers an original exploration of what the Qur'an might have meant to its first readers and how the Qur'an draws on, engages with, and diverges from ideas, narratives, and literary forms that may have informed it. The book will be an indispensable resource for scholars of Islam and Qur'anic studies.

The crisis of liberal democracy is clearly visible today, manifesting itself, inter alia, in the declining interest of citizens in participating in elections; the disappearance, or at least weakening, of the traditional axis of social conflict between labour and capital; the growing importance of populism; attacks on democratic institutions; and the efforts of leaders in many countries to centralize power. Across the globe, anti-establishment, anti-system, anti-elite and populist sentiments are on the rise, accompanied by the increasing prominence of anti-democratic parties. This volume aims to identify universal mechanisms of de-democratization using the example of Poland, by searching for reliable indicators of these processes. The authors examine and analyse the weakening of democratic institutions, the limitation of civil liberties, and the growth of authoritarian tendencies and political polarization, seeking out indicators of de-democratization phenomena in the legal-institutional, political-social and economic spheres, while also looking into actions that strengthen and protect de-democratization, which take place in the symbolic, social, political and economic domains.

The authors thus seek to expand the existing analyses of de-democratization processes in a volume which will be of great use to those researching and studying democracy, the rule of law, contemporary politics and de-democratization in Poland and beyond.

Adopting a multidisciplinary approach, the Handbook assesses the overlapping constructs and ongoing debate surrounding the definition of 'sense of place'. It explores connections to natural environments, virtual places, change over time and also broader questions such as how place can be understood across cultures and how attitudes toward places evolve. Chapters engage with non-Western, First Nations worldviews which treat 'Country' as a living, relational entity, contrasting sharply with typical Western, object-oriented models. They provide weight to the view that 'place' must be studied from many angles, and that respecting diverse, especially Indigenous, perspectives is essential for a fuller, more inclusive understanding of how people relate to the world around them. This Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of this fast-developing field, while also developing theory and encouraging future research in subjects such as regeneration, social relations and digital advancements.

The Handbook on Sense of Place is a valuable resource for students and scholars of human geography, environmental psychology, cultural studies and sociology. Its insights into how people relate to the world around them will also benefit practitioners in urban and regional planning and environmental policymakers.

The Muslim Brotherhood and Ennahda: Organisational Dynamics in Egypt and Tunisia since 2011 examines the organisational dynamics and capacity for change of the Arab world's two most influential Islamist movements.

Rather than foregrounding external political pressures, the book explores the internal organisational worlds of Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood and Tunisia's Ennahda, treating them as long-standing institutions shaped by their own cultures, structures, and internal debates. Drawing on an analytical framework that places organisational culture and intra-party politics at the centre of the analysis, it investigates how each movement confronted the pressures of governing, adapting, and redefining its political role and identity after 2011. The study argues that the capacity for change within these organisations was shaped by internal dynamics: the Brotherhood's strong commitment to preserving its long-standing mission and organisational vision often constrained reform, while Ennahda struggled with a weak conceptualisation of how and why change should occur. By comparing their contrasting trajectories of party formation and institutional reconfiguration, the book highlights how each movement came to understand organisational change differently - whether as variation or replication, and as an opportunity or a threat to their foundational identity.

This book will be of interest to students and scholars of Middle East politics, political Islam, and comparative politics, as well as to readers seeking an alternative analytical lens to Social Movement Theory and a deeper understanding of the evolution of Islamist movements in the post-Arab Spring era.

This book examines caste-based discrimination in India through the practice of manual scavenging and exclusion within higher education. It analyses how Untouchability persists across these distinct yet interconnected sites, adopting a legal lens grounded in international human rights law. Drawing on empirical data, the book critically engages with legislation, governmental schemes, institutional mechanisms, and case law, with particular attention to affirmative action as enshrined in the Indian Constitution. By bridging lived realities with legal framework, it highlights both the limitations and transformative potential of law in addressing caste-based inequalities. This work will be of significant interest to scholars and researchers of law, human rights, sociology, and South Asian studies, as well as policymakers.

Chapters trace the epigenesis of sovereignty from Ancient Greece, Rome, and Byzantium to the modern state, revealing how religious, metaphysical, and philosophical ideas shaped its development. A unique comparative section explores Jewish, Islamic, Hindu, Confucian, Indigenous, and settler-colonial traditions, showing how different worlds imagine authority, legitimacy, and collective self-rule. The volume also investigates the functional, normative, and symbolic dimensions of sovereignty in contemporary constitutionalism, including debates on democratic authority, European integration, secession, illiberalism, and populism. Further contributions analyze sovereignty's entanglement with exceptionalism, labor, biopolitics, and transconstitutionalism. The concluding chapters examine why sovereignty persists as a powerful political imaginary, assessing its critiques and rearticulations-from political theology and relational ethics to feminist, anarchist, and decolonial perspectives.

The Research Handbook on the Law and Politics of Sovereignty is an essential resource for scholars and students of law, political theory, intellectual history, and international relations, as well as practitioners concerned with constitutionalism and global governance.

Chapters present key methodological approaches to investigate the structure of race and racism across both historical and contemporary America. Contributors trace the evolution of racial identity from the earliest moments of constitutional formation to current topical issues, such as indigenous rights, racioreligious professional identities, wage justice, the impact of race on drug control laws and profiling in immigration policing. The Research Handbook sheds light on the bureaucratization and management of race and racism in US law and legal practice, developing new frameworks for research and identifying new areas of study.

The Research Handbook on Law and Race in the US is a valuable resource for legal scholars and students seeking to understand the construction of racial identity. It is particularly relevant to those in the fields of criminal, immigration, labour and US law, as well as critical race studies.

Broadening the geographical and thematic coverage of the first edition, this Research Handbook introduces new chapters on social rights protection in Asia and for marginalised groups such as Indigenous peoples, women and migrants. Recontextualising the scope of the book in light of global developments including Russia's war on Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic, contributing authors examine the history, nature and current status of social rights at the universal and regional level. They also address the impact of emerging global challenges on social rights, covering algorithmic governance, AI and climate change and explore how social rights frameworks respond to instability, inequality and ecological limits.

This expansive Research Handbook is a valuable resource for students and academics specialising in social rights in international human rights law and other fields of public international law. It is also beneficial for lawyers, NGOs and state officials concerned with the enforcement and implementation of social rights.

Combining legal theory with case studies, contributing authors challenge the traditional state-centred approach of international human rights law by highlighting gaps in protection. They address accountability broadly and analyse legal responsibility and monitoring alongside less formal mechanisms. Concluding that human rights accountability cannot depend solely on formal statehood, the book proposes that wherever authorities hold power over people's lives, they must be assessed against human rights standards.

Insightful and thought-provoking, this book is a vital resource for scholars, policy makers and students of human rights law, public international law, international politics and public policy. It will benefit anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the implementation of human rights in non-universally recognised states and state-like entities.

This book explores the introduction and localization of the political concepts of left and right in Chinese media discourse from the late Qing to the late 1920s, analyzing their shift from spatial metaphors to political symbols that redefined Chinese society, politics, and culture.

Globally established as political terms in 1789, left and right began to appear in Chinese media by the late nineteenth century. This study traces their evolution, analyzing their construction and transformation within Chinese discourse. It explores their metaphorical extensions into morality and value judgments, uncovering the power structures in media narratives. The book also demonstrates how left-right discourse intersected with radical, conservative, and liberal ideologies, forming intricate conceptual networks that influenced ideological contestation and the development of political communities.

Designed for researchers and graduate students in political communication, media studies, conceptual history, Chinese studies, and comparative politics, this provides valuable insights into the evolution of political discourse, ideological categorization, and the adaptation of global political concepts in non-Western contexts.

One of the first book-length works that critically examines the discourses and implementation of the European Union Green Deal (EGD) in Southeast Asia, this volume charts the complex mix of controversies, ambiguities, and opportunities that EGD policies present for Southeast Asian countries.

Tasked with making the European Union (EU) climate-neutral by 2050 through green transformation, the EGD has generated controversy through a lack of clarity over implementation details and caused considerable uncertainty for countries concerned about its economic and social impact. Controversies stem from its unilateral nature, rooted in power imbalances between the EU and Southeast Asia, which give rise to perceptions of inequity and create political and economic strains. Drawing on different theoretical approaches and detailed empirical analyses of key aspects of the EGD, the chapters present critical contributions from a diverse group of established and emerging Southeast Asian and European scholars investigating the tension and complexity of EGD policy implementation and discourse.

Demonstrating how foreign policy implementation can lead not only to contestation but also to convergence and collaboration, this book will be of interest to researchers, postgraduates, and scholars in the fields of environmental policy, EU policy, and Southeast Asian politics and policy.

Presenting a comparative analysis of three key jurisdictions, the European Union, the United States and the United Kingdom, Finelli examines how each responds to circumvention. The author addresses the legality and effectiveness of different strategies, including the imposition of derivative designations, secondary sanctions, enhanced reporting duties and strengthened enforcement mechanisms. Ultimately, the book provides innovative and concrete recommendations for achieving a lawful response to sanctions evasion, ensuring that the pursuit of effectiveness does not erode the targeted nature of sanctions.

This multi-jurisdictional and systemic analysis is a crucial resource for scholars and students of international law, EU law, criminal law, comparative law, and the emerging field of "sanctions law". Legal practitioners will also benefit from the comprehensive analysis, while policymakers will find clear and practical guidance for designing lawful and proportionate anti-circumvention strategies.

Leading experts argue that, while the SDGs aim to improve living standards worldwide, violent conflict and instability continue to undermine gains in poverty reduction, gender equality, health, and climate action. Presenting interdisciplinary evidence, the chapters scrutinize peace as an enabling condition shaped by governance and trust, while confronting the methodological and practical challenges of working in conflict-affected settings. Systematically exploring each SDG, they examine why peace is frequently sidelined in development planning and how improved data, institutions, and cooperation could help close this gap. The Companion argues that lasting development depends on treating peace as foundational, rather than a secondary goal.

Scholars and students of development studies, peace and conflict studies, political science, and international relations will greatly benefit from this Companion's extensive analysis of peace as a pre-requisite for global progress. Policymakers and professionals in international development and humanitarian affairs will also find its innovative recommendations immensely useful.

Advanced Introduction to Social Constructivism examines an influential strain of social thought holding that human powers and socio-political arrangements are 'co-constitutive': people make society what it is, society makes people what they are, and social construction makes the world as we know it. 'Making' the world shapes what we accept and craft as meaning, understanding, knowledge, truth, reality, institutions, and power. Chapters illustrate these dynamics, encouraging readers to question assumptions and imagine new possibilities.

Key Features:

• Discusses how social realities, truths, and facts are created and contested
• Explores the roles of meaning, power, and language in constructing understanding
• Sketches the rise of constructivist scholarship in a dozen fields of study
• Engages with the ethical implications of social construction and interdisciplinary perspectives
• Evaluates why certain descriptions of reality feel natural and inevitable, yet are at root socially constructed
• Draws on examples from everyday life, art, science, media, and contemporary politics

This Advanced Introduction invaluably helps students and scholars of philosophy, sociology, political science, international relations, and education keenly engage and deeply navigate contemporary discussions and perspectives on social constructivism and socio-political possibilities.

Grounded in frontline experience and global research, this work unpacks the complexities of defining behavioural health, the challenge of crisis cycling, and the evolving roles of law enforcement and community partners. Written from the unique perspective of a seasoned police officer embedded in the world of behavioural health crisis response, this work offers an insider's examination of the evolving landscape of public safety and mental health intervention.

Drawing on lived experiences, operational insights, and contemporary best practices, the author advocates that police are one component within a broader collaborative, systems-based approach to crisis. Beginning with a foundational understanding of what forms a behavioural health crisis, the book guides readers through a range of response models - from nonpolice crisis lines and paramedic teams to police co-responder models and police call diversion programs. It critically examines the limitations of police training, the harsh realities of non-clinical outcomes such as tactical disengagement and use-of-force, and broader systemic pressures that shape crisis intervention. Each section ends with a reflective commentary, blending academic insight into frontline pragmatism. The final chapters look ahead, proposing integrated frameworks and collaborative strategies to proactively manage crisis cycling and building more responsive, humane systems.

With a focus on real-world application, informed by both practice and research, this book is an essential resource for policing professionals, behavioural health professionals, policymakers, and students seeking a grounded yet progressive approach to behavioural health crisis intervention.

The second edition of The Routledge Handbook of Political Corruption showcases the most innovative research being conducted globally in the field of political corruption and provides a new point of reference for all interested in the topic.

In presenting current research trends, the handbook addresses the pressing need for more detailed understanding of the intricacies of political corruption, including the need to adapt to emerging challenges and devise more effective strategies to curb its impact on societies. The handbook provides a balance between reviewing the 'state of the art' within different disciplines and subdisciplines and offering in-depth insights into the most recent developments in the field. Alongside some updated chapters, it also covers new topics, including democratic backsliding and populism, media capture and digital journalism, illicit financial flows and money laundering, corruption in contexts of conflict and migration, and the growing use of artificial intelligence and emerging technologies in anti-corruption efforts. Its structure, themes, and direction underscore the interdisciplinary nature of corruption research, bridging disciplines such as economics, psychology, political science, and law.

The Routledge Handbook of Political Corruption is an essential reference for scholars and students within comparative politics, global governance, economics, development studies, criminology and criminal justice, sociology, anthropology, psychology, law, and international relations. More broadly, it will appeal to policymakers, activists, journalists, and practitioners in civil society organisations, focusing on transparency and accountability.

Chapters investigate why and when a national level crisis ascends to European level and analyse the extent to which recent decades are becoming increasingly turbulent. To explore the processes involved in crafting European institutional and policy solutions, Cotta assesses three major events: the financial crash of 2008, the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Evaluating the limits and capabilities of the EU, these case studies bring into question the value of its intervention in crisis events. The book advances understanding of not only how the EU provides aid in turbulent times, but also how such crises shape the way in which the EU functions.

EU Politics in a Turbulent Era is a crucial resource for students and scholars of international relations, comparative politics and European politics and public policy. It is also beneficial to political officials and policymakers interested in the operation of the EU during tumultuous eras.

Delving into the case of Georgia, this volume illustrates how the soft power struggle between Russia and the West has not only redefined international power dynamics but also deeply impacted Georgian nation-building.

The book systematically analyses the evolution of soft power strategies of the USA, the EU, and Russia in relation to Georgia from the 1990s to the present. It also adds the relevant historical context, the analysis of diverse cultural production, and pertinent media research, including research in libraries and archives.

Soft Power Competition Between Russia and the West will be beneficial for postgraduate students of international relations as well as foreign policy practitioners.

Key Features:

• Analyses the current legal standing of a varied range of intimate adult unions
• Outlines an implementable legal framework which would enable a more equitable relational property law
• Illustrates the regulation of private solidarity between partners in conjunction with public privileges, such as hospital visitation rights and tax benefits
• Draws on relevant regulations and sources from a wide range of jurisdictions, including proposals from various law commissions, to form a rich comparative foundation

This comprehensive book is an important reference for academics and scholars of international family law, comparative law and European law. The practical recommendations and frameworks are also beneficial for legal professionals and practitioners of private international law and family property law.

Key Features:

• Unique insight from the Commission, the judiciary, practitioners and academics
• Clear structure and systematic coverage facilitate navigation
• Offers practice-oriented commentaries on landmark CJEU cases situating them in the current enforcement and policy debates
• Presents comprehensive coverage of public and private enforcement
• Offers practical insights into the implications of preliminary rulings for antitrust litigation, enforcement strategy and policy development across the EU

Chapters investigate deep-rooted patriarchal norms, power relations, party control, social media dynamics and intersectional inequalities across local, national, party and online spaces. Country-specific case studies reflect how historical legacies, post-socialist transformations and gender quotas have shaped women's political participation. Overall, the book demonstrates that true equality requires profound cultural change, stronger democratic institutions and a long-term commitment to gender-sensitive politics.

Women's Representation in Southeast European Politics is a crucial resource for scholars and students of gender studies, feminist political theory, political science, European studies, and sociology. It will also benefit policymakers, international organizations and NGOs interested in deepening their understanding of gender equality, due to its insights into designing gender-sensitive reforms, developing advocacy strategies and improving institutional frameworks.