This book traces the existence and potential of two concepts rarely considered together: Blackness and World Languages. Each chapter begins with a vignette illustrating how the phenomenon of Black World Languaging has manifested in the author's life. Layering on fresh data to existing research, Austin unpacks the ways that World Languages constructs barriers both to humanizing and Black language practices, or Black World Languaging, despite the latter's alignment with what is called for by national 'foreign' language standards. Each chapter then concludes with reflection questions for various stakeholders across language education. The book will be relevant to language teachers and learners, as well as students and researchers in fields including teacher education, language education, world languages, language policy, and sociolinguistics.

Exploring gender and sexuality in the Gilded Age through one sensationalized life

Addie Liona Walker. Leon A. Belmont. Nova McClure Carr. Romantic Sensation tells the full story of this one ordinary person's singular life. Assigned a female sex at birth, Addie was born in Massachusetts in 1853 and lived as a woman for twenty-five years. After transitioning in 1878, Addie became Leon and lived as a man for twenty-four years before making a second gender transition and living as a woman, Nova, for the rest of her life. Placing these milestones within the historical context of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Lizzie Ehrenhalt traces Belmont's life, from child laborer to husband, from outlaw to heartthrob, and from stepfather to single mother.

Belmont was a Gilded Age celebrity: he made national news for breaking an ordinance against dressing as the "opposite" sex in Minneapolis, and he inspired a media frenzy when one of his girlfriends told police that he was a woman. While newspapers labeled Belmont a "curious and romantic sensation," Ehrenhalt shows that he was not much of a sensation after all. Illuminating what his story can tell us about Americans' developing understandings of sexuality and gender in the 1850s through the 1920s, she reveals how Belmont's run-ins with police, doctors, courts, and reporters resonate in the evolution of the LGBTQIA+ identities we recognize today.

An empathetic case study of a figure often denied respect in the telling of his story, Romantic Sensation presents Belmont's gender transitions not as puzzles in need of solving but as acts grounded in the cultural milieu of the Gilded Age. Traversing the dramatic economic upheavals of the second industrial revolution, the Era of Good Stealings, and the Great Railroad Strike of 1922, and spanning the Cult of Domesticity, the invention of sexology, and the rise of New Womanhood, Ehrenhalt uses Belmont's example to demonstrate how trans, queer, and intersex histories are inseparable from American history.

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This deeply researched volume uncovers the untold story of the North American men and women who joined Israel's 1948 fight for independence. Known as Mahal (Volunteers from Abroad), these individuals risked their lives, citizenships, and futures to serve in Aliyah Bet and what became the Israel Defense Forces-the army, navy, and air force. Drawing from a 1992 questionnaire, as well as supplementary documents and research reports, this study uses a sociological lens to explicate the volunteers' motives, backgrounds, and lasting impressions which for many was a transformative experience. From covert operations in the Mediterranean to makeshift airfields around Tel Aviv, these volunteers defied U.S. embargoes, navigated the tensions of dual loyalties, and helped shape a nation in its most vulnerable hour. It is a perfect read for historians, scholars, and students of Jewish studies and diaspora identities.

How Alaska redefined US colonialism through Indigenous resistance and legal innovation

Long treated as the symbolic "last frontier," Alaska was, in fact, the United States's first experiment in overseas empire. Settler Imperialism reveals these concepts as fictitious stories promoted by government officials and offers a sweeping history of Alaska Native legal and political struggle in the face of a colonial structure that defied the norms of US expansion. Examining Alaska as both a settler and imperial space, Jess Arnett challenges familiar narratives of American growth, sovereignty, and law.

Following the 1867 Treaty of Cession when the United States purchased Alaska from Russia, the federal government refused to sign treaties with Alaska Natives, excluded them from the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and denied the region designation as Indian Country. These departures from standard Indian policy created legal ambiguity that enabled new opportunities for land dispossession and resource extraction by state and corporate interests. Focusing on history from the late nineteenth century through the 1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, Arnett uncovers how the Tlingit, Haida, Tsimshian, and other Indigenous nations navigated - and contested - Alaska's peculiar legal terrain. Members of these communities forcefully petitioned for US citizenship, mobilized Indigenous legal orders, and engaged selective federal Indian law to assert land rights and political authority.

By placing Alaska at the center of US colonial history, Settler Imperialism turns a critical lens to the evolution of America. To understand US expansion, race, and legal formation, one must understand Alaska first as a proving ground for empire, not the last frontier.

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This book delves into the dynamic relationship between open education and artificial intelligence (AI), providing a comprehensive and interdisciplinary exploration of how AI transforms educational models and practices. The book brings together scholars, practitioners, and policymakers in the fields of open education, AI, and pedagogy to present research, case studies, and theoretical discussions on applying AI-driven technologies within Open Educational Practices (OEPs). It enables readers to obtain a well-rounded understanding of how AI shapes open education and its potential for transforming learning experiences. Educators and instructional designers will gain insights into integrating AI with open pedagogical practices, while researchers will find new theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence to build upon. Policymakers and administrators will benefit from strategic recommendations on leveraging AI to promote inclusive and sustainable open education initiatives. By offering a holistic view of AI’s role in OEPs, this book serves as a foundational reference for readers seeking to harness the power of AI to create more accessible, equitable, and engaging learning environments in the digital age.

The first book ever on how the press covered the Gettysburg campaign, From Blood to Ink chronicles the rise of the press through the Civil War and how its coverage of Gettysburg not only misled the people of two warring factions but also misshaped the battle's meaning for generations to come. As Matthew J. Larson reveals, newsmen on both sides transformed the battle into what they needed it to be rather than what it truly was. While the Northern press elevated Gettysburg into America's Waterloo, the Southern press polished it into another hard-won success for Confederate General Robert E. Lee. In both cases, facts bent to bias, narrative eclipsed reality, and Gettysburg itself became the final casualty.

This book introduces the cognitive intraface to designate the interpretive zone where human and Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems interact, reorganizing educational activity through recursive exchanges. Meaning emerges across heterogeneous substrates and cannot be attributed to human or machine alone. Drawing on N. Katherine Hayles, semiotic theory, and media theory, the book reframes cognition as materially grounded interpretation. Organized into forty concise entries, this book adopts a recursive critical format that revisits established educational and technological assumptions, isolating specific problems in AI-mediated learning while clarifying the infrastructural conditions that shape interpretation. This book serves as a valuable resource for scholars, educators, and researchers seeking a rigorous epistemological grounding for designing, analyzing, and critiquing AI-intensive educational environments.

The Vigilance Network illuminates the actions of a group of unsung American heroes-the Black and white abolitionists who, driven fiercely by their beliefs and dogged by personal demons, fought threats, prison, and social ostracism to guide freedom seekers in the decades before the Civil War. While much of Carrie Hagen's narrative focuses on the offices of the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society in Philadelphia, located just a block away from Independence Hall, she also follows escapees on the Underground Railroad from Maryland to Ontario. Indeed, characters drive the largely unknown narratives that sit at the center of The Vigilance Network: Robert Purvis, William Still, Lucretia Mott, Hetty Reckless, William Parker, Jane Johnson, and even a brief appearance from Harriet Tubman. By following both abolitionists and escapees-who were sometimes one and the same-through the streets of Philadelphia and its suburbs, Hagen reconstructs the Vigilance Network's largely unknown role in the Underground Railroad. A fast-paced and deeply researched work of narrative nonfiction, The Vigilance Network also connects the causes of today's systemic social injustice to this deep history and reveals what can happen when people refuse to let fear or self-consciousness keep them from assisting the vulnerable.

This book is designed to help educators equip students to navigate the cultural, linguistic and academic challenges of studying abroad. By addressing the common barriers to meeting learning outcomes when studying a foreign language abroad, the author demonstrates how successful interventions using the GearUp! Virtual Exchange have enabled students to collaborate online before embarking on mobility programmes. With a firm basis in the research literature, the book aims to stimulate innovation in study abroad programmes' curriculum and structure to optimise learning, and to broaden accessibility to international education in general. The rigorous analysis in each chapter is supported by a comprehensive set of guidelines on implementing study abroad preparation, as well as a supplementary task dossier, student handbook, reflective e-portfolio, and video. It will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in foreign language education and virtual exchange (or computer-assisted language learning) as well as study abroad and the internationalisation of higher education.

American pop culture loves newsies. The children who bawled out headlines and sold newspapers on city streets in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries have been depicted countless times in movies, Broadway shows, books, music, and more, but somehow it's only ever the stories of newsboys that are told. Scholarly literature too has focused mostly on boy newsies. Yet for nearly as long as there were newspapers in the United States, there were also newsgirls. Girl newsies were photographed, interviewed, studied, argued over, and eventually absorbed into the collective "newsboys" and forgotten.

Extra! Extra! A History of America's Girl Newsies offers a corrective, demonstrating the importance of newsgirls as early news workers and as symbols of child labor and gender reform efforts. Sometimes younger than ten years old and from impoverished families, girl newsies were already vulnerable to exploitation from the newspaper publishing industry, which relied heavily on child labor during the "golden age" of journalism. However, the newsgirls of this period contributed much to news labor, and they were important to the discussions concerning childhood, child labor reform, and women's changing societal roles. Properly integrating newsgirls into the history of newsies dismantles archetypes and enables a deeper understanding of child news labor.

Talking About Cults explores a series of questions: Why have scholars of minority religion rejected the term "cult" and the wider field of cultic studies? How have they responded to allegations of abuse in minority religion? Why do so many survivors of abuse find cult discourse helpful? What new directions-more attuned to survivors' experience-are emerging and should be encouraged in the study of abuse in new religious movements (NRMs)?

The academic subfield of NRMs developed in reaction to cultic studies and the two fi elds became polarized in the "Cult Wars," a charged intellectual and legal battle that has raged on since the 1970s. In this context, a disciplinary consensus formed in the study of NRMs that minimized allegations of abuse within NRMs and discredited the reliability of ex-members who made them. While feminist scholars of religion attempted to draw attention to gendered forms of abuse in these groups, they were largely ignored in consensus NRM scholarship. Inspired by a feminist survivor-centered approach, Ann Gleig argues that rather than automatically rejecting cult discourse, scholars need to ask what its function and value is for survivors of abuse. Through interviews with survivors of abuse in Buddhist contexts, she discovered that they drew on cult discourse selectively and critically to identify, understand, and heal from the dynamics that had caused them harm in their former communities as well as to prevent future abuse.

This book discovers a groundbreaking exploration of sustainable development in the Caribbean. This book reveals how Caribbean nations are navigating the United Nations' 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), offering sharp, critical insights into progress on ending poverty (SDG 1), zero hunger (SDG 2), quality education (SDG 4), decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), industry and innovation (SDG 9), reduced inequalities (SDG 10), climate action (SDG 13), and strong institutions (SDG 16).

Rooted in a powerful decolonizing framework, this book moves beyond conventional analysis to examine how enduring colonial legacies shaped by racism, patriarchy, and economic dependency continue to influence development outcomes. It brings urgent attention to the role of social protection systems, persistent gender inequalities, and the realities of gender-based violence and social exclusion. With a clear focus on the region's unique vulnerabilities, this book not only interrogates challenges but also delivers solutions. It advances innovative, context-specific financing strategies designed to support sustainable and inclusive development across Caribbean states.

Re-centering Caribbean voices and lived experiences, this book challenges dominant global narratives and calls for development approaches that truly reflect post-colonial realities. Essential reading for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners, this book offers a bold, transformative vision of what sustainable development can and must look like for the Caribbean.

Addressing an important gap in the literature, this book is an extremely concrete and practical A-Z guide about how to design, undertake and communicate the results of a mixed methods approach to critical discourse analysis (MMCDA) in the social sciences. Offering detailed discussions of the processes used, lessons learned, and research outcomes of 3 award-winning MMCDA research projects in political studies and international relations (as well as reflections about the potential considerations around the use of AI in MMCDA research), the goal of this book is to give readers everything they require to undertake successful MMCDA projects on their own topics of research.

When discussing news selection and the media's function of issue framing, the technical term agenda-setting is often invoked. In contrast, its counterpart, agenda-cutting, is far less frequently addressed in academic or public discourse. Yet agenda-cutting represents a widespread practice in media, politics, and society, whereby topics are deliberately or inadvertently excluded from public discourse or withheld from it. The Initiative Nachrichtenaufklaerung (INA) (i.e. Initiative News Enlightenment), a partner organization of the US-american Project Censored, has long been engaged in the systematic examination of neglected topics and news items. This edited volume is the first to offer an in-depth scholarly exploration of the phenomenon from multiple perspectives.

The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence. A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.

The violence of the cinematic cut in twentieth-century Latin American film

Splice, montage, close-up: modern cinema routinely presents bodies in pieces. Not unlike the guillotine, argues Thomas Matusiak, these techniques have served both overt and symbolic political ends as they accomplish and project the efficient production of severed bodies. In The Visual Guillotine, Matusiak traces the use of cinematic tools of dismemberment in twentieth-century Latin American film to theorize the symbolic and material violence of the cut.

A robust genealogy of Latin American cinematic politics, The Visual Guillotine encompasses national filmmaking traditions; radical and reactionary political registers; and the proliferated aesthetics of narrative, documentary, experimental, and expanded cinema through an innovative critical viewing practice. From the national cinemas of the 1930s to the decapitation videos produced in the Mexican narco-conflict and beyond, Matusiak shows how the cinematic cut has been employed to inspire terror as well as invoke and critique a range of political programs.

A refreshing dialogue between film theory and Latin American cultural studies, The Visual Guillotine offers a new way for film to conceptualize politics. In our present political moment, with rapidly generated and circulated visual media central to a resurgent leftist-populist battle against oligarchy and authoritarianism, this book calls for readers to reassess their viewing position when confronted with violent imagery.

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This book consolidates the theoretical concepts and evidence-based practices that could be deployed to motivate learners with disabilities. To explore the challenges faced by learners with disabilities and to identify strategies to support and engage them, it presents a systematic review of studies on their motivation to learn in spite of their individual differences and needs. It contributes to the field of special education by providing a consolidated overview and analysis of extant literature on the motivation of learners with disabilities. This helps to identify the gaps and to spearhead research in the relevant direction in the hope of identifying new approaches that could be translated into practice by academics, educators, and parents. This book deals with the most common forms of disabilities, namely dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactive disorder, sensory impairments, and intellectual disabilities, and also discusses early intervention and inclusion.

Readers benefit from the acquisition of greater understanding of the motivational challenges faced by learners with disabilities, in addition to actionable approaches to enhance their motivation to learn. Furthermore, readers will have, in a single volume, a collation of research conducted over the last two decades with regards to motivating students with disabilities. They acquire a better understanding of the complexity of the situations given that there may be comorbidities of two or more disability types and the degree of severity of the conditions occurs in a spectrum. This book reflects research findings from all parts of the world and proposes solutions that are generalizable across contexts. In addition, it also highlights gaps that need to be addressed and areas in urgent need of improvement, with the hope of spearheading further research in the area of motivation for learners with disabilities.

This book demonstrates how virtual reality (VR) can be used to bring our modern, embodied selves to other places and times, real and imagined, in the Global Middle Ages, approximately 500-1500 CE. The culmination of a National Endowment for the Humanities-funded program, this volume argues that collaboration, in both theory and praxis, is key to how we research and study the global digital past.

Crucial to this study of the medieval globe is the "digital turn" in scholarship and application of digital humanities. These approaches implement immersive experiences, which are digitally constructed virtual reality worlds where a user can explore, evaluate, and contemplate the nature of life in places and times across the medieval world. Moreover, this book's contributors discuss the ways in which we can both create narratives and make arguments in a non-textual medium, which are nonetheless grounded in evidence from texts, from material culture, and from geography and environmental data.

This book critically analyses the state of Lebanon's education system in the aftermath of the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings, which, while not leading to the same level of upheaval as in other countries, nonetheless had profound implications for the region. It investigates three major events over the following decade - the influx of Syrian refugees, the Covid-19 Pandemic, and the Port of Bierut explosion - that have exacerbated existing political and sectarian divisions in Lebanon, resulting in a destabilized environment and a leadership vacuum that have significantly impacted Lebanon's educational landscape. At the same time, civil society movements were calling for urgent political and social reforms.

The book uses a humanistic sociological approach which focuses on understanding events from the perspective of those who lived through them, in this case, the families, the children and the young people affected by the decline in educational provision in Lebanon. The book's conclusions are aimed not only at understanding the crisis, but also at proposing actionable recommendations, emphasizing the role of non-profit organizations in supporting the educational infrastructure.

This book addresses universal themes such as the integration of refugees into national education systems, the impacts of political instability on access for all children to education, and the role of grassroots movements in advocating for systemic change. Framing Lebanon's situation within a broader international context offers valuable lessons for policymakers and educators facing similar challenges worldwide. Most importantly, it aims to highlight the urgent need for investment in education as a means of rebuilding Lebanon and fostering a more cohesive society.

This book focuses on Structured Arts-based Interreligious Dialogue (SAIRD), a project of the KAICIID Fellows Alumni Network. SAIRD uses pictorial art to enhance interreligious dialogue, proposing an arts-based, person-centered approach for our visually charged, globalized, and religiously diverse world. The book details how pictorial subject matter, contents, and form facilitate dialogue, contributing to personal and social transformation. It offers a unique method to undertake interreligious dialogue in a more enjoyable, creative, and effective way than standard formal interreligious dialogue practices.

SAIRD has two main goals: 1) To learn how pictorial artworks can serve interreligious dialogue; 2) to instruct on how to undertake an arts-based and person-centered interreligious dialogue. Amongst these goals are engagement, sharing, and connection on the practical side, and understanding and acceptance of diverse religious viewpoints around the same subject matter, contents, and forms present in an artwork. When these goals are achieved, transformative learning takes place leading to personal transformation and ultimately, peace in society.

This book is valuable for readers, teachers, students, and scholars interested in understanding the religious "other" through viewing art and dialoguing around the artwork's pictorial form, contents, and subject matter. It serves as an educational and practical resource for those keen on undertaking an enjoyable arts-based interreligious dialogue, and thereby contributing to world peace.