Between 1392 and 1592-a period bounded by Japanese pirate raids along the Korean coast and Japan's invasion of Choson Korea-more than 4,600 Japanese trade missions were recorded by the Choson government. In response to these missions, the famous official Sin Sukchu compiled regulations, detailed information about Japanese contacts, and other material, which was printed in 1472 as the Haedong chegukki. Additional information was added in 1512, creating a still more detailed report for overseeing Japanese and Ryukyuan diplomacy and trade with the Choson government. The 1512 text, which is translated here into English for the first time, shows in rich detail how Korea managed these foreign relations for some two centuries. The regulations illustrate the depth of the management of contact, trade, movement, and other aspects of presence in Choson. Korea-Japan trade practices are depicted in numerous profiles of Japanese contacts from Tsushima to Kyoto, including the use of impostor identities designed in Japan for trade and diplomacy in the second half of the fifteenth century and sixteenth century.

Copious notes and explications supplement the present translation of the Haedong chegukki and supply the reader with the background information necessary to identify the names and places mentioned and understand their relation to Korean and Japanese political history and the structure of relations that linked the two countries. Historians of Korea, Japan, and East Asian foreign relations will find the translation a most valuable resource.

In Twelve Japanese War Criminals and One Who Got Away, Robert Cribb and Sandra Wilson tell the stories of twelve people who were convicted of war crimes in Allied courts in the Asia-Pacific region after the Second World War. Included is the story of one man who escaped prosecution. The crimes were committed in the Philippines, Burma, Thailand, Java, Malaya, Singapore, the Maluku islands, New Guinea, and Japan. The characters examined range from senior figures-General Honma Masaharu, who was convicted for the Bataan "death march," and Japan's wartime prime minister Tojo Hideki-to lower-ranking and lesser-known people: a POW camp commander, a camp doctor, a Korean guard, a nurse charged with assisting in vivisection, a doctor convicted of cannibalism, a pimp, a Taiwanese interpreter, a businessman convicted of assault, an officer convicted of massacre, and another convicted of a single execution. Tsuji Masanobu, the man who escaped, was responsible for at least two massacres. He was eventually elected to parliament, indicating the willingness of some elements in postwar Japanese society to overlook wartime atrocities.

The book examines the backgrounds and careers of each character and explains how they came to commit the acts for which they were convicted. It also considers their subsequent careers, if they survived (several were executed for their crimes). Based on years of meticulous research, the book brings to life the texture of individual action and experience in the tumultuous years of conflict and occupation during the Pacific War. The authors recognize Japanese cruelty but also suggest that most of the convicted war criminals were not inherently evil. Some were out of their depth or were forced into circumstances where they made bad decisions; some obeyed illegal orders or were caught in impossible situations in a war that Japan fought with insufficient resources. Ironically, the one who got away was probably the worst of them all.

Can food determine your fate? Could indulging in delicacies bring calamity to your community? Nourishing Life reevaluates the history of Japanese food culture by examining how ideas of healthy eating became both a popular phenomenon and a matter of grave concern among trained medical experts and amateur culinary enthusiasts alike. Beginning in the eighteenth century, Japan witnessed an unprecedented explosion of popular interest in dietary advice, compiled in commercially printed manuals, pamphlets, and guides to household know-how, dedicated to practices for promoting well-being known collectively as "nourishing life."

Nourishing Life is the first book-length study to explore why ordinary people ate what they did, how these ideas on proper eating came to be, and what social, economic, and moral concerns propelled their rise. Joshua Schlachet argues that diet was never value-free, nor was it reducible to an objective relationship between nutrients and their physiological outcomes in the body. Instead, guidance on dietetics conveyed priorities about how well-nourished bodies were meant to act in the world, whether as agricultural workers, samurai bureaucrats, or merchant consumers. Failure to keep a proper diet carried life or death consequences, according to these guides, that could bring not just disease to oneself but financial and moral ruin to one's household, domain, or even society at large. The book thus reveals an early modern dietetic revolution in the making, which disrupted older forms of expertise and provided a venue to critique official policies on eating and living right, prior to the introduction of modern scientific nutrition.

In Nourishing Life, Schlachet investigates how early modern Japanese society became invested in eating-and thinking about eating-with unprecedented enthusiasm and anxiety, asking what it felt like not just to survive from food but to live with it. In doing so, it uncovers a terrain of knowledge and practice both unexpected and profoundly relatable to our contemporary struggle to navigate the cacophony of dietary recommendations around us. Tracing these themes across two centuries of historical change, Nourishing Life tells the story of how diet in early modern Japan became as much about maintaining a healthy society as a healthy body.

An unconventional alliance has come to define the geopolitical dynamics of the Middle East. Since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, Iran has been building a sprawling web of regional allies - from Hezbollah in Lebanon to Shiite militias in Iraq, the Houthis in Yemen, and Hamas in Gaza - all aimed at challenging what they see as a US-led regional order and Israel's military supremacy. But, after decades of expansion, has this alliance - the Axis of Resistance - reached its breaking point?

In this path-breaking book, leading foreign policy analyst Hamidreza Azizi traces the rise, transformation, and fragmentation of the Axis, from its roots in local resistance movements to its peak under Qasem Soleimani and its involvement in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The network now faces an existential threat. As regional dynamics continue to unfold, Azizi situates the Axis in its broader ideological and strategic context and examines competing visions for regional order in the Middle East. The Axis of Resistance offers a vital guide to one of the most consequential and misunderstood political-military alliances in contemporary international affairs.

This Handbook explores the relationship between Japan and the European Union (EU).

The book begins by outlining the political, cultural, and historical context for the relationship, from the first encounter by Portuguese traders in the mid-16th century to the post-Cold War era, highlighting how intellectual and cultural curiosity led to a genuine, mutual appreciation among Japanese and European societies. The contributions also explore the expansive areas of macroeconomics and trade relations between Japan and the EU, including larger developments such as the Japan-EU Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA), underscoring the significance of the Japanese-European trade relationship. In order to approach the broad topic of international relations between Japan and the EU, explorations of defence and foreign policy, as well as non-defence and security-related joint cooperation, such as climate change adaptation and mitigation, are featured.

Examining the multi-faceted ways in which Europe and Japan have aligned on strategic interests resulting in dramatic changes to economic, environmental, energy, and foreign policy, this Handbook will be a valuable resource for students seeking an entry point into Japan-EU relations, as well as graduate students and scholars seeking a more intricate analysis of economics, trade, foreign policy, defence, environmental policy and areas of joint cooperation.

Chinese Collaborative Planning in the Digital Era: Institutions, Power Relations, and Public Spheres is the first accessible text on theoretical underpinnings and extensive case material on China's collaborative planning. It questions the validity of agonistic and communicative approaches and lays out a new theoretical framework for collaborative planning in China.

The book also elaborates the changing governance contexts for collaborative planning in China, including the participative and deliberative turn, and the impact of social media and digital transition on power relations and public spheres. Collaborative planning has become a practical solution to solve increasingly complex problems and the challenges of sustainability under rapid economic development. The authors present several in-depth case studies of collaborative practices in the fields of urban regeneration, environmental protection, and green initiatives in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xiamen, and other cities. The materials of the case studies are collected from in-depth fieldwork in China, practical experience, and online social networking sites. The book not only gives an overview of collaborative practices and policies in China but also reflects the universal collaborative planning theory and presents new research methodologies.

The interdisciplinary nature of the book makes it interesting for students, educators, scholars, and practitioners in spatial planning, environmental planning, public policy, and new media fields.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 International license.

Emphasizing the emergence of new institutional realities from the encounter between colonizers and colonized people, this book highlights the capacity of indigenous communities, as well as settlers themselves, to shape and transform laws and legal figures originating in the metropolis.

The chapters attest to the complexity of land property rights in real contexts and introduce into historical analysis the concept of institutional bricolage proposed by the Critical Institutionalism school of thought. Beyond the written rules (rules-in-form), social practices are what explain the establishment and evolution of sets of rules-in-use, within social and environmental frameworks conditioned by both endogenous and exogenous factors. The case studies, which span from 1510 to 1920, examine struggles and experiences of access to land (and water) on three continents, focusing on territories in present-day Brazil, Mexico, Mozambique, Kenya, the Philippines, and India. Beneath the apparent diversity of situations and outcomes lies a common denominator that underscores the agency of local societies and the dynamic nature of property relations.

The book is aimed at researchers and students of Global History, Institutional History, Economic History, Social History, Social Anthropology, and Hispanic Studies, and will also appeal to consultants in development agencies and NGOs.

This book traces the evolution of Chinese orchestra from its inception in 1919 to the present day, focusing on its foundation and development in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.

Ming-yen Lee examines the trajectories of the three earliest professional orchestras established after 1949-the Shanghai Chinese Orchestra, the Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra, and the Taipei Chinese Orchestra-and explores how they became institutionalized entities that standardized and professionalized the performance of Chinese music. Over time, these orchestras became cultural sites where shifting identities and traditions were negotiated in response to their respective socio-political environments. Drawing on extensive archival research and fieldwork, Lee investigates three key themes: The diffusion of the Chinese orchestra across Greater China; the impact of geopolitical transformations; and the post-martial law exchanges that reshaped cultural identities in the region.

Offering a pathbreaking account of music, politics, and cultural exchange in twentieth- and twenty-first-century Greater China, this book is a fascinating read for scholars, researchers, and students of East Asian history, Chinese music, cultural studies and ethnomusicology.

Lu examines the conditions under which China could be integrated into the US-led liberal international order through US engagement policies. This analysis operates within the broader framework of a hegemon's deliberate strategy to incorporate a rising great power into its established order and to shape the rising power's foreign policy-a frequently overlooked dimension of China's relationship with the still largely US-led international system.

Through the development of a comprehensive framework for understanding state socialization, the book demonstrates that China's integration into the liberal international order through US engagement faces fundamental structural obstacles. Rather than depending on the hegemon's ideational influence, this socialization process is primarily determined by the degree to which external ideas align with Beijing's domestic priorities and status objectives.

This book is an essential reading for scholars and academics studying China's international relations, US-China relations, Asia-Pacific politics, and global governance.

Drawing on two decades of data from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), this collection examines fundamental social transformations in contemporary China across gender, marriage, living arrangements, and subjective well-being from 2003 to 2021.

The contributions utilise longitudinal CGSS data to analyse key dimensions of social change including women's labour force participation patterns, evolving school-to-work transitions, changing residential independence amongst young adults, intermarriage trends across hukou boundaries, and the complex relationships between personal achievement, marriage, and happiness. Through rigorous quantitative analysis, the chapters reveal how gender ideologies, social attitudes, and subjective social status have shifted during China's rapid economic transformation. The studies employ sophisticated methodological approaches including age-period-cohort analysis and comparative frameworks to chart both continuity and change in Chinese social life, offering insights into social reproduction, status alignment, and the dynamics of happiness in a changing economic landscape.

This volume will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in Chinese studies, sociology, social policy, and comparative social research, as well as scholars working in gender studies, family sociology, and survey methodology. The collection serves as an essential resource for courses on contemporary Chinese society, social change, and quantitative social research methods. This book was originally published as a special issue of Chinese Sociological Review.

This book examines the multifaceted evolution of Indian nationalist thought through three critical ideological frameworks that shaped the subcontinent's journey toward independence and beyond. Drawing on extensive sources and theoretical frameworks, the volume presents a nuanced understanding of how constitutional liberalism, spiritualism, and identity politics converged to create India's distinctive nationalist discourse. The book demonstrates how Indian nationalism emerged as a unique confluence of Western Enlightenment principles and indigenous intellectual traditions, challenging conventional narratives that view it merely as derivative discourse. Through detailed examination of key figures including Gandhi, Tagore, Ambedkar, Tilak, and Aurobindo, the analysis reveals how constitutional liberalism was indigenized through spiritual frameworks drawn from Vedas, Upanishads, and Bhagavad Gita. The work explores the critical role of identity formation in nationalist mobilization, examining how religious, caste, and gender identities both strengthened and fragmented the independence movement, ultimately leading to partition in 1947.
This authoritative study will appeal to students and scholars of political theory, South Asian studies, and comparative politics. Graduate students and researchers examining postcolonial political thought, religious nationalism, and identity politics will find this an essential resource for understanding the complex ideological foundations of modern India.

This book explores the major challenges of mediation during armed conflicts and post-conflict peacebuilding in an age of division, when the permanent members of the UN Security Council are fundamentally divided. The author argues that it is critical to mediate armed conflicts and implement peacebuilding by maintaining the fundamental rules of the international system, such as respecting "national sovereignty, borders of states, and self-determination of peoples," even in the age of division. At the same time, he calls for "adaptive peacebuilding," reflecting local contexts, histories, and political dynamics, avoiding text-tailored approaches.

Dialogues and interviews with the leadership of conflicted states provide unique perspectives on both inter-state and intra-state wars, presenting major findings regarding the wars in Ukraine, South Sudan, and Afghanistan.

This volume targets scholars and students of international relations and international organizations, especially those interested in mediation and peacebuilding; it is also valuable for practitioners working for UN, NGOs, think-tanks, diplomats, policymakers, and member states.

Lucjan Turkowski's first-hand account of peasant life in 1940s British Mandate Palestine explores farming, food, language and craft production. He examines cultivated crops, the role of animals and the division of labour, highlighting its material culture in a vivid portrait of rural life.

While preserving Turkowski's original ethnographic and agricultural research, this book offers a rare historical, botanical and anthropological resource. Rich with first-hand observations, Turkowski's work provides scholars and general readers with valuable insights into Palestinian peasant life near Jerusalem in the 1940s. His meticulous fieldwork records farming, food, language, agricultural tools and household utensils, exploring the long-term effects of Ottoman land reforms and the introduction of new crops. Original drawings and period photographs collected in Jerusalem illustrate this volume. This book opens with two introductory chapters by editor Carol Palmer, who situates Turkowski within his historical and intellectual context and highlights his ambition to document peasant material culture and its integration into Palestinian life. The main text comprises eight translated chapters of Turkowski's writing, followed by bibliographical annexes. This volume deepens understanding of rural life amid shifting political and economic forces, contributing to studies of resilience, agriculture and cultural continuity.

This book is a fundamental resource for scholars in Levantine and Palestine studies, linguistics, anthropology, ethnography, archaeology and agricultural history. It also contributes to an understanding of the region's historiography and the changing academic approaches to Palestine. For those connected to the communities described, it offers a tangible link to the past and shows how carefully gathered knowledge can preserve cultural memory and bring lived experience into view.

Written by one of the leading scholars of Japanese religion, Lords of Life is the fifth and last book of a multivolume project that stands as a milestone in our understanding of the mythico-ritual system of esoteric Buddhism-specifically the nature and roles of deities within the religious landscape of medieval Japan and beyond. Bernard Faure introduces readers to medieval Japanese religiosity, highlighting the central role of gods in religious discourse and ritual. In doing so, he departs from traditional textual, historical, and sociological approaches that constitute the "method" of current religious studies. Instead, Faure draws on theoretical insights from structuralism, post-structuralism, and Actor-Network Theory to retrieve the "implicit pantheon" (as opposed to the "explicit orthodox pantheon") of esoteric Japanese Buddhism (Mikkyo).

In the earlier volumes-The Fluid Pantheon and Predators and Protectors- Faure argued against a polarity or dichotomy between buddhas and kami by emphasizing the existence of deities that did not belong to either category, and he rejected the retrospective notion of "hybridity." In Rage and Ravage, he made a similar case about the reified distinction between gods and demons to show that, due to the fluid nature of the Japanese pantheon, these terms do not represent stable identities: gods can become demons, and demons are sometimes deified. From Stars to Stones, the fourth volume, showed how mythological notions influenced (and in return were transformed by) medieval Japanese religion and the performing arts (geino). In this final book, Lords of Life, Faure explores the concept of surveillance in Daoism and Buddhism, the significance of the gods of destiny, and how they transform the official, or frontal, Buddhist doctrine of karma. This perspective offers a distinctive view of Buddhism, approaching it as if through a "back door."

Throughout this monumental series, Faure expertly weaves together religion's various strands to underscore his argument that Japanese religion cannot be fully understood by relying solely on abstract categories like "Buddhism" and "Shinto," despite convention and convenience.

This comprehensive collection examines the complex relationship between media and conflict across diverse Asian contexts, offering critical insights into how news coverage shapes public understanding of violence, protest, and social tensions.

From domestic violence reporting in China to the framing of political upheaval in Iran, the six research studies reveal how media narratives both reflect and influence conflict dynamics across the region. The volume demonstrates how different media systems- from hyperlocal digital platforms in India to international news outlets covering Kazakhstan- employ distinct framing strategies that impact audience perceptions and policy responses. It analyses the role of technology in conflict reporting, examines accessibility challenges for persons with disabilities in media consumption, and explores how digital stressors affect contemporary news engagement. Each study employs rigorous methodological approaches including comparative content analysis and validation of measurement instruments.

This work is essential reading for postgraduate courses in media studies, international relations, and Asian studies programmes, providing both theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence for understanding media's role in contemporary conflicts. This book was originally published as a special issue of Media Asia.

This volume focuses on the role of ideas in Russia's war against Ukraine and contains interdisciplinary analyses of the values that have shaped and sustained Ukrainian resistance.

The book offers an interdisciplinary analysis of Russia's war against Ukraine from the perspective of values and ethics and shows how axiological aspects related to national identity, society's ability to organise itself, disinformation, gender roles, and geopolitical changes manifest themselves in the context of Ukrainian resistance and to what extent and in what direction this resistance is shaped. Integrating perspectives from political science, sociology, philosophy, and security studies, the chapters focus on various aspects of the conflict, including the role of grassroots social movements in shaping Ukrainian identity, the impact of war on the organisation of civil society, the axiological dimensions of European Union (EU)-Ukraine relations, and the evolution of societal attitudes towards the conflict. Through an in-depth analysis of war in the context of values, the book provides valuable insights into the ideological and cultural dimensions of contemporary conflicts and their implications for international relations.

This book will be of much interest to students of the Ukraine war, ethics, sociology, and international relations.

This book demonstrates how Afrocentric approaches, enshrined in African Indigenous knowledge systems, particularly the various expressions of Ubuntu (humanism) - can contribute to engendering peace, security, development, and effective natural resource governance in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

Drawing on over 450 interviews conducted in the DRC, this book argues that neoliberal approaches to peace, security, development, and the governance of minerals and metals have failed. Instead, it contends that transformation should be home-grown, rooted in people's cultures and worldviews. By treating those directly impacted by violence and human rights violations as protagonists, this book lays out a path towards de-escalating violence and advancing national reconstruction processes grounded in Congolese cultures and Indigenous knowledge systems.

Afrocentric by design, this book holds the narratives and perceptions of people from the DRC's battle fronts at its heart. It will be an important read for researchers of African peace, conflict, and security, as well as for policymakers and all those interested in peace and security in Congo and the entire Great Lakes Region of Africa.

Evelyn M. Birabwa Namakula is Associate Professor at the Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Carleton University. A key aspect of Dr Namakula's research focuses on resource-based wars, peace, security, and natural resource extraction.

This book examines the formation of Taiwan's modern identity during the course of the twentieth century and its intersection with the "new" Taiwanese identity.

Mapping the identity formation to the successive regimes of the twentieth century that are colonial, neocolonial, and nationalistic, this book traverses the spaces of history, culture, politics, and literature to arrive at the ontological performance of becoming Taiwanese. It argues that Taiwan's modern identity bears the footprint of its successive hegemonies, shaped by the transition from one form of othering to another and from one form of becoming to another. By interpreting the salient events of the historical past that shaped the identity and explaining the transition to the present, the chapters of this book conclude that the ontologies of becoming Japanese, Chinese, and Taiwanese structure the architecture of Taiwan's identity.

Comprising invaluable reading material for students and scholars of Taiwan studies and East Asian history, this book will also be of special interest to scholars of cultural studies, colonialism and postcolonialism, identity theory, and international relations.

This book creates a vital space for psychoanalytic thought on the Israel-Palestine conflict, one of the most polarizing and emotionally charged geopolitical struggles of our time. In the wake of the horrific events of October 7, 2023, and the subsequent war in Gaza, marked by death, famine, and destruction, the global community has been deeply divided. These divisions have also reverberated within the psychoanalytic profession, straining relationships between patients and clinicians, colleagues, and professional organizations. Unlike other conflicts, this struggle often leads to such extreme polarization that thought and speech are shut down by accusations of hatred or prejudice, making meaningful dialogue nearly impossible.

Refusing the collusion of silence in the face of alleged war crimes and genocide, this book offers a thoughtful exploration of the psychological mechanisms underlying the conflict and our responses to it. It traces the historical contexts of the conflict, from its origins in 1948 and earlier, while examining contemporary manifestations of trauma, identity, and collective psychology. The chapters are carefully sequenced to move through themes of context, applied psychoanalytic theory, considerations of therapeutic and community interventions, personal narratives, and creative approaches to healing and reconciliation.

This book is intended for a wide audience, including psychoanalysts, psychotherapists, scholars of peace and conflict studies, Middle Eastern politics and history, trauma studies, social psychology, and international relations.

The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy.

Electoral management bodies (EMBs), the institutions designated to manage political change inclusively and peacefully, must be trusted for election results to be accepted. Trustworthy Elections: The Role of Electoral Management Bodies explores how stakeholder feelings of injustice complicate transactions and information flow with electoral authorities and deplete the legitimacy capital that EMBs require to expedite democracy.

While the technical delivery imperatives of election administration are well understood, there is a wider range of stakeholder needs and expectations that matter for trust-building. In addition to delivery-oriented transactional trust, EMB trust-building must also include values-oriented relational trust and the predictability that allows for security-based trust. By highlighting stakeholder viewpoints, the book provides a social perspective to what has been seen as a technical and administrative problem and outlines a broader range of pathways for EMB trust-building policy and practice. Conceptually innovative, and drawing from a rich set of empirical data, it showcases the stresses and dynamics particular to elections and provides policy-oriented insights.

With this book, Therese Pearce Laanela aims to inspire and inform policy makers, practitioners, and scholars on strategies for electoral authorities to earn the trust needed for accepted elections and peaceful political transitions.

In the early 1950s, Iranian oil became a firebomb of the Cold War in the Middle East, creating one of the era's two major hot spots alongside Korea.This book examines the dramatic events surrounding Mohammad Mossadegh whose government unanimously passed legislation nationalizing the Iranian oil industry, triggering the first oil crisis of the Cold War.

Drawing on newly declassified archival documents from the former Soviet Union, CIA, British special services, and Turkish diplomatic archives, the volume highlights the fierce struggle between the USSR and Anglo-American allies for the influence of Iran. The book chronicles Mossadegh's rise to power, his stance against Western interests, and the complex Cold War machinations that ultimately led to his government's overthrow in August 1953.

The Iranian Oil Crisis and Mossadegh in the Cold War, 1949-1953 will be beneficial to students and scholars in the fields of History, International Relations, Cold War History, Political Science and Humanities interested in and/or working on Iran History.