Uniformed Murderers investigates the causes, logistics, motivations, and legal awareness of the Romanian servicemen - both military and gendarmerie - who massacred or otherwise caused the death of more than three thousand Jews, Roma, and others in 1941 and 1942. Vladimir Solonari addresses and revises the framework that Romanian decision makers largely followed in the footsteps of their German counterparts.

Solonari describes how Romanian leaders never completely acceded to the project of total annihilation of European Jewry and that although Romanian fascist dictator Ion Antonescu was viscerally antisemitic, he was determined to avoid making his country and his regime be seen as criminal in the eyes of the Western powers. Consequently, he preferred to avoid commanding his servicemen to kill, and when ordering them to do so, he tried to leave no paper trail. While some officers were reluctant to implicate themselves in criminal behavior, others demonstrated eagerness to kill perceived enemies of the Romanian nation.

Uniformed Murderers integrates these factors and assumptions to reveal how they led to the bewildering inconsistency of the Romanian record of mass murder, which reached its apex earlier than that of the Germans.

This book is a sociological study of recent international conflicts, from Bosnia and Iraq to Ukraine and Gaza. Its approach is theoretical, applying the framework of sociocide to assess the social consequences of the conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza, through comparisons with previous conflicts that meet these criteria.

Sociocide means the murdering of the social encompassing matters pertaining to human solidarity: family, social institutions, ethnic, and national identity. This study develops and applies the concept to describe the social and human consequences of the war in Gaza, making comparisons to Chechnya, Iraq, Bosnia, and Ukraine. The conflict in Gaza creates an anomic state of nature where force and fraud are the cardinal virtues. This war demolishes houses as well as the prestige of the home. It kills civilians, that is, children, mothers, and entire families. It destroys communities, their invaluable history and collective memory. It eradicates social systems. The war murders a society. The goal of the comparative study is to frame objectively the moral anomie surrounding the violence of war in Gaza and its impact on world order. It also uses the term sociocide to consider the political war in the United States and the social entrapment of the spirit of capitalism as formulated by Max Weber.

This study asks, is there something within society that is resistant to its own demise? Whenever human beings gather, is there an imperishable part of their solidarity? This study takes up these questions concertedly, drawing upon the truisms of important figures in the field of social thought.

This book will therefore be of interest to students and scholars of sociology, conflict studies, genocide studies, and any general reader interested in understanding the extent and impact of contemporary conflicts.

An incisive conceptual history of global democracy in the transnational political thought of W.E.B. Du Bois.

The Search for World Democracy traces the language of "world democracy" in W. E. B. Du Bois's oeuvre, stretching from his early sociological writings to his later work on world peace and anticolonialism with and against the United Nations. Drawing on original archival research, several lesser-known writings, and most centrally Du Bois's unpublished 1937 manuscript A World Search for Democracy, Adam Dahl places his unique approach to democratic theory within the transatlantic debates about the transformation of European imperial order in the twentieth century. Dahl shows how Du Bois's vision of the spatial scale of democracy situated struggles for popular control, decolonization, industrial democracy, and racial enfranchisement in their shifting, multidimensional geographic contexts. Less a specific model of global governance than a radical politics of space and scale, Du Bois's idea of world democracy challenges the boundaries between domestic and international politics by linking local sites of democratic struggle within and against the global color line. The Search for World Democracy shows how, for Du Bois, the radical transformation of the United States into a multiracial democracy would require an equally dramatic transformation of the imperial lineages of world politics.

This edited volume offers international perspectives on managing the escalating tensions surrounding Taiwan.

The book examines responses of key stakeholders to the issue, including Japan, Australia, South Korea, India, Canada, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the United Kingdom, and the European Union. The chapters analyze how these states navigate and manage the intricacies of the US-China rivalry over Taiwan, focusing on strategies such as balancing and hedging. While existing works explore the policies of China, Taiwan, and the United States regarding Taiwan's status, there is little scholarship addressing the stances other international stakeholders. This volume fills that gap by analyzing the strategies and policies these stakeholders adopt to deter China, their efforts to safeguard economic and political interests, and the challenges they face in balancing relations with the US, China, and Taiwan. Collectively, the chapters deepen our understanding of the strategic dynamics surrounding Taiwan and shed light on the roles played by key actors striving to uphold peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific.

This book will be of interest to students of Asian security, Chinese politics, and International Relations.

This book explores the relationship between copyright law's exceptions and limitations and the conflicting interests of rightsholders and users.

Beginning with an overview of the history of permissions culture within photography law, the book discusses the flexibility of fair dealing exceptions and the resulting consequences of the exclusion of photographs within academic activities, projects, and ultimately the avoidance of particular research fields. Discussing the asymmetrical dependencies of stakeholders and photography researchers, the book highlights the issues with permission and fair dealing laws in the UK and offers industry-based solutions to minimise its adverse impact on academic research on photography.

The book will be of interest to researchers in the field of intellectual property law, copyright law, and photography.

The massacre of Israelis by Hamas terrorists on October 7, 2023, was the most dreadful slaughter inflicted upon the Jews since the Nazi Holocaust. In the immediate aftermath, Israel found itself fighting an existential war on seven fronts. The Western world might have been expected to rally behind Israel - the only liberal representative democracy in the Middle East. However, progressive public opinion in the West, in academia and among student bodies, the left of centre press, radio, and TV, all turned upon Israel in a tidal wave of anti-Zionism. Israel was itself accused of genocide and crimes against humanity. This was a modern form of medieval antisemitic blood libels. What was distinctive about this novel transmutation of antisemitism was that it was left-wing, post-modernist, neo-Marxist. It was the denial of the very legitimacy of the State of Israel. Hacker offers illuminating explanations of this puzzling phenomenon. The International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court both condemned Israel for violations of international law - decisions that were demonstrably biassed and illicit. Hacker's meticulously researched discussion unravels the history of the Israel/Palestinian conflict, describes the successive Israeli offers of a Palestinian state on the West Bank that were rejected by corrupt Palestinian leaders who betrayed their own people, tells the sorry history of the Gaza Strip and the death-cult ideology of its elected Hamas rulers, analyses the commonly misunderstood requirements of international law, scrutinizes the pivotal role of the Iranian theocratic state in the war, and probes beneath the glib demand for recognition of a Palestinian state. This book will appeal to those interested in the Hamas massacre, the Gaza war, the Israel/Hezbollah war, and Iran/Israel war, antisemitism and its history, anti-Zionism and left-wing intellectuals in the West.

The Routledge Handbook of Peripheries in European Studies critically and systematically explores peripheries - in their various notions, definitions, and possibilities - within the European sphere.

Variously considered, peripheries reveal common asymmetries and constraints, shed light on combinations and intersections of well-established distinctions and structures, and yet also offer places of resilience, creativity, and innovation to challenge the status quo. As such, peripheries offer revealing perspectives to understand the changing spatial, political, and cultural landscapes of Europe as well as a crucial object of study in their own right, giving weight to persons, processes, and places who seem not to matter, yet demand a reconsideration of the history and politics of Europe. Using case studies and organized around the exploration of four types of peripheries - geographic, structural, socio-political, and epistemic - this multi- and interdisciplinary handbook shows Europe constructed, deconstructed, and reconstructed through the very processes of peripheralization and centralization that it explores.

The Routledge Handbook of Peripheries in European Studies is a key reference for scholars and students of European studies and culture, European politics as well as the broader social sciences, humanities, and law.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 International license.

Addressing the complex interplay between climate change, democratic governance, and scientific knowledge in the Anthropocene era, this book focuses on how political systems respond to the global ecological crisis and to what extent they are structurally capable of doing so.

The World We Have Created: Climate, Democracy and Knowledge details how the de-democratization of ecological decision-making favors models of authoritarian governance, as democratic values such as transparency, participation, and accountability are continually undermined. Offering a robust account of the responses to the climate crisis and the necessary social and political changes posed by the scientific consensus, this book analyses the growing discrepancy between scientific knowledge about the causes and consequences of climate change and the lack of political and social willingness to implement necessary measures. Comprehensive social change is needed that focuses on social justice, intergenerational responsibility, and political participation, and it is only by strengthening democratic structures and integrating knowledge into responsible governance can we open paths to a resilient, just, and liveable future.

This sharp, interdisciplinary intervention bridges sociological, political, and philosophical thinking to underline the necessity of hope and utopian social imagination together with concrete changes to the constitution that guarantees a safe environment for future generations.

This handbook provides an innovative, comprehensive, and authoritative examination of how subnational governments, regions, and municipalities participate in and shape the field of International Relations (IR).

Covering the conceptual, theoretical, methodological, institutional, and practical dimensions of paradiplomacy, it is divided into five parts. Part I focuses on paradiplomacy as a distinct field of research, its conceptual evolution, and its theoretical foundations through classical and alternative theories of IR. Part II presents methodological approaches, including comparative, quantitative, qualitative, and legal studies, as well as multi-level and polycentric governance analyses. Part III examines institutional aspects, discussing the roles of regions, cities, networks, cross-border cooperation, protodiplomacy, identity, and substates' involvement in international organizations. Part IV explores the intersection of paradiplomacy with public policy, covering topics such as environment, climate change, migration, urban management, culture, trade, finance, economic development, security, and decentralized international cooperation. Part V provides a detailed worldwide regional analysis, with case studies from Europe, the Americas, Asia and the Pacific, and Africa.

Offering a truly global perspective provided by experienced researchers from all over the world, this handbook will appeal to a broad audience, including scholars and students of International Relations, Urban and Regional Studies, Political Science, Public Policy, Comparative Politics, Diplomacy, Foreign Policy, Governance, and Federalism.

While interconnections between humanitarian actors and military operations are a pervasive feature of contemporary conflicts around the globe today, Military Humanitarianism challenges the idea that these interactions are a recent phenomenon. Instead, this volume offers an alternative interpretation to the traditional framing of military actors as a homogenous group and humanitarian actors as impartial intermediaries between armed groups and aid recipients.

In tracing a longer lineage beyond the post-Cold War period and twenty-first century, Military Humanitarianism uncovers a deeper history of entanglement between "humanitarian" and "military" actors - supposedly distinct categories that have long been mutually constitutive. By examining the malleability of these concepts and bringing different contexts into conversation, both editors and contributors reveal the tensions, ambiguities, and paradoxes of defining "humanitarian" action in practice, particularly in contrast to military operations. As a result, Military Humanitarianism provides timely insight into the understanding and politics of humanitarian operations, on and beyond the battlefield. It asks not just what it means to "help" but who gets to - and why.

Contributors: Cedric Cotter, Maria Cullen, Lewis Defrates, Bronwen Everill, Matilda Greig, Baher Ibrahim, Julia F. Irwin, Norman Joshua, Jonathan McCollum, Justine Meberg, Michelle Moyd, Daniel Palmieri, Elisabeth Piller, Lou Pingeot, Pietro Stefanini, and Jiayi Tao.

This book explores the emerging concept of 'slow sport' - recreational movement practices that emphasize mindful engagement over competition. Targeted at philosophers of sport, wellness researchers, physical education specialists, and practitioners of mindful movement disciplines, this collection examines how intentional, non-competitive bodily practices cultivate deeper experiential connections with our environments. From yoga, meditation, and martial arts to Saharan recreational activities, contributors analyze how slowing down physical practice creates space for enhanced well-being, environmental attunement, and phenomenological richness.

Ideal for academic readers interested in alternative approaches to physical culture, this book challenges conventional sport paradigms by highlighting how deliberate slowness transforms recreational movement into a philosophical practice - one that prioritizes qualitative experience over quantifiable results, fostering a more contemplative relationship between the human being and the environment.

The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Sport, Ethics and Philosophy.

This book is about the nature of informal governmental power in Hungary and Poland. It highlights the key differences and similarities between the Orban regime and the Kaczynski regime to show how they make societies dependent on the ruling elite. The monograph explains how the coercive practices of these governments could avoid scrutiny of the European Union (EU) and unpacks the underlying reasons for the ineffectiveness of the EU in the context of the changing geopolitical environment and the war in Ukraine.

This volume presents an in-depth investigation into the dynamics of irregular migration through Albania, which recently have radically transformed the traditional perception of the country from a land of emigration to a crucial transit hub.

Through an interdisciplinary reading, the author examines transformations in migration routes in the Western Balkans, highlighting how the externalisation of EU migration policies has affected the region, leading Albania to become a "stable containment" point for migrants. The author draws from empirical data, personal stories and policy analyses to explore the complex interactions between migrants, local communities and national and supranational policies. From the exodus of the 1990s to cooperation with Frontex and the latest bilateral accords with Italy, Albania's trajectory reveals how migration governance has been reshaped at Europe's borders. Addressing the evolution of the Balkan routes leading to the EU and their interrelation, and the impact of migration on the Albanian social and political fabric, the book concludes by underlining the strategic importance of Albania in European migration routes and the need to reformulate regional and European cooperation in the management of migration flows.

An important new interdisciplinary approach offering fresh perspectives on the role of transit countries in contemporary migration flows, it ultimately points to the importance of multidimensional understandings that integrate sociological, political and humanitarian aspects. It fills a crucial gap in the academic and policy debate and will appeal to scholars, researchers, and policymakers with interests in contemporary migration dynamics and their social and political implications.