In Therapeutic Natures, Johanna Conterio analyzes the development of the institution of the Soviet sanatorium as a project of building socialism, a "Magnitstroi of health." The sanatorium not only served as a curative space in nature to counterbalance the intense and often hazardous environmental conditions of Soviet labor, but also monumentalized the achievements and the anxieties of Soviet socialism.

Conterio reveals how health resort towns, and the individual sanatoria within them, served a central role in a distinct socialist model of public health and welfare that emerged in the late nineteenth century, developed in the Soviet Union in response to domestic, transnational, and international events-the Second International, the October Revolution, Stalinism, World War II, and the Cold War. This model foregrounded the study of climate, geography and landscape in medical research and understandings of the human body as ecologically embedded in the physical environment, producing environmental knowledge that informed medical practice and the design of the built and natural environments of what became therapeutic landscapes. Ultimately, a distinct form of environmental governance developed in Soviet health resorts, linked to the authority of medical officials within the planned economy, and offering historians a counterpart to the model of ecocide. Therapeutic Natures outlines an experimental attempt to create healthy environments for optimal human development, rooted in socialist conceptual approaches to human life in the environment

Marketing Palliative Care explores what happens when marketing is confronted with dying. Drawing on a decade of ethnographic research in palliative contexts across Switzerland, Italy, and the United States, the book unfolds a radical question: can marketing grasp dying? Can it offer not only tools but also a language for societies to relate to finitude? Through the case study of a COVID-designated hospital in Locarno, the conceptualization of the temporal consumer, and the unveiling of palliative clearings, this monograph develops a new epistemology of marketing at the threshold of life.

Palliative clearings are proposed as fragile temporal spaces where care, consumption, and dying converge, opening a poetic vocabulary for fragility and compassion. Methodologically, the book advances an ethnography of dying, grounded in reflexivity and poetic inquiry. Theoretically, it reimagines the consumer as a temporal being shaped by mortality. Practically, it introduces the figures of the experiential assistant, the brand healer, and the healing brand as ways of translating compassion into organizational life and society.

Bridging marketing, medical humanities, and palliative care, Marketing Palliative Care will speak to scholars, healthcare professionals, and all those seeking a vocabulary for dying in market society.

This book provides researchers, faculty, and students with a comprehensive resource for applying qualitative methods in Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) research among underrepresented communities.

Addressing a significant gap in existing literature, this book extends beyond traditional qualitative texts by offering targeted instruction on utilizing these methods to explore social, cultural, environmental, and political factors that shape health inequities. It is an extension of texts that define qualitative research, distinguish qualitative from quantitative research, and provide instruction or guidance on ways to implement, analyze, and evaluate this methodology in populations experiencing illness events. Key features include practical guidance on conducting qualitative research throughout the entire study process-from planning and data collection to analysis and dissemination. The author draws on over 20 years of experience, integrating real-world examples that illustrate the effective use of qualitative methods in diverse contexts.

Ideal for researchers and faculty in nursing, public health, medicine, theology, and divinity, it serves as a resource for emerging and experienced scholars who may be initiating new projects on SDOH, integrating SDOH into existing research, and/or adapting measures or interventions for cultural relevance among underrepresented communities. It is also a vital resource for those teaching and mentoring students in rigorous and innovative SDOH research.

This practical book equips nurses and health practitioners with essential knowledge and skills for understanding and supporting people experiencing suicidal thoughts and engaging in self-harm.

Exploring why people might experience suicidal ideation or feelings, or use self-harm, this skills-based book emphasises core skills a health practitioner needs to respond effectively and compassionately, dispelling myths and misconceptions that fuel stigma. It is informed throughout from service user perspectives and includes examples of good practice, suggestions for small changes that make meaningful differences, and reflective activities.

Promoting practice that enables people experiencing suicidal thoughts and engaging in self-harm to feel safer and more hopeful and to function at their best, this guide is an essential read for all health professionals.

The valuation of fixed assets is a core discipline at the intersection of finance, accounting and asset management. As industries face increasingly complex regulatory frameworks and global market dynamics, developing a solid understanding of valuation principles is essential for both academic study and professional practice. This comprehensive book offers a structured, academically rigorous introduction to the appraisal of property, plant and equipment, bridging theoretical depth with real-world application.

Drawing on a proven five-phase project methodology refined through decades of international consulting experience, the authors provide a systematic framework for approaching valuation challenges. The text combines international standards, theoretical foundations and applied case studies, making it a robust resource for students, researchers and early-career professionals seeking to build advanced expertise in asset valuation.

This guide is ideally suited for graduate and postgraduate students in corporate finance, accounting, real assets, insurance, taxation and business management. It is also a valuable reference for academics and practitioners who wish to deepen their understanding of valuation methodology and its role in decision-making.

The readers of this book will:

• Gain a thorough understanding of international valuation standards and their practical implications
• Learn a structured five-phase approach to conducting asset valuations from project preparation to reporting
• Analyze valuation methodologies for property, plant and equipment within various regulatory and market contexts
• Develop the ability to critically assess valuation reports and apply theoretical principles to complex real-world scenarios
• Understand how valuation integrates with financial reporting, taxation, insurance and investment decision-making
• Benefit from case studies and practical examples drawn from global consulting and academic experience

U.S. Treasury futures and options are the world's largest fixed income markets. They enable investors and traders to trade, risk manage and invest in U.S. government notes or bonds for future delivery. The U.S. government bond market is the most liquid, secure and diverse among international government bond markets. The U.S. government uses the U.S. bond market to finance its maturing debt and expenditures, and with the expansion of U.S. borrowing, these markets have never been so large nor so closely watched around the world.

Treasury Bond Futures and Options is the first standard reference handbook of its kind. It systematically reviews all of the varied elements of these crucial markets, providing practitioners and non-practitioners with a thorough description of the operations and potential of Treasury futures and options. The book presents readers with a full sense of how these gigantic markets function, including elements such as trading execution, risk management, delivery mechanism, market participants and regulatory treatment. It describes the key elements of market design, as well as walking through the trading and hedging opportunities that these markets provide. It is divided into three main sections. The first explains the background and current state of the cash and derivative Treasury markets. The second section focuses on risk management and trading using Treasury futures and options, while the third section looks at related products, key types of trader and governance.

Treasury Bond Futures and Options is essential for every fixed income trader, regulator, financial investor, researcher and economist who looks at the U.S. Treasury market.

In the Twin Transition era, digital technologies and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) paradigms are changing the dynamics of the financial industry in terms of the operators involved and the service models addressed to customers.

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the interplay between advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and machine learning, and the rising importance of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors in the financial sector. Thus, it investigates how these twin transitions - digitalization processes and ESG practices - affect credit allocation mechanisms, redefine the roles of traditional financial institutions and alternative finance platforms, and influence the transparency and efficiency of financial markets.

The book adopts an interdisciplinary approach and employs a mixed-methods methodology, combining theoretical models, systematic literature reviews, and empirical analyses to explore jointly, the effect of digitalization and sustainability on financial systems. It addresses several topics, such as the rise of FinTech and crowdfunding platforms, and the integration of ESG criteria into credit risk assessment. Further, it examines the practical challenges faced by financial operators, including information asymmetry, credit risk disclosure, and the impact of ESG integration on financial performance. The book's relevance, originality and contribution to the reference field of literature is further enhanced by the empirical cross-country comparisons and the use of alternative quantitative methods such as multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA).

The book provides valuable insights for academics, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers, offering a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities posed by these twin transformative forces - digitalization and sustainability - in the financial sector.

This book examines China's fiscal decentralization and its economic impact through local government incentives. It focuses on three key areas: expenditure decentralization, revenue decentralization and intergovernmental transfers. The analysis weighs the benefits and costs of these fiscal practices in terms of China's economic development.
The author observes that China's high degree of fiscal expenditure and revenue decentralization has empowered local governments to pursue economic development vigorously. However, it has also created insufficient incentives to provide public welfare services and to adjust income distribution. This has exacerbated local protectionism and fragmented the domestic market. While intergovernmental transfers to less developed regions have gradually improved fiscal equalization and mitigated regional disparities since the 1994 tax-sharing reform, they have weakened the economic development incentives of recipient local governments. This book concludes with reform proposals for optimizing central-local fiscal relations.
This book will be of interest to scholars of the Chinese economy, public finance and development economics.

In Unions, Race, and Popular Democracy, Kim Scipes dives deep into the historical intricacies of labor organizing, focusing on the struggles against white supremacy and racism in the workplace, union, and respective communities in and around Chicago, including Northwest Indiana. Comparing unions in the steel and meatpacking industries during the critical decades of the mid-twentieth century, Scipes argues there were two opposing conceptualizations of trade unionism within the Congress of Industrial Organizations and each led to different organizational behaviors: the steelworkers overwhelmingly ignored these issues, while the packinghouse workers directly confronted them. Scipes explores the ramifications of the approaches of steel and meatpacking unionism and illuminates the processes that resulted in the dismantling of progressive unionism in the United States.

By detailing how previous labor activists dealt with these issues, Unions, Race, and Popular Democracy offers valuable insights for labor activism during our contemporary moment and aids efforts to reignite movement determination in times perilous for US labor, works to advance the wellbeing of workers overall, and supports the positive social change efforts of our world.

A comprehensive collection of best practices in public health education.

In an era shaped by the seismic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and politically derived challenges, the second volume of Teaching Public Health offers a timely and essential contribution to the evolving field of public health education. Building on the success of its predecessor, editors Lisa M. Sullivan and Sandro Galea convene a distinguished group of educators to examine what it means to teach public health today.

Spanning the foundational and the forward-thinking, this collection addresses core themes such as racial justice, science communication, law, data literacy, advocacy, and systems thinking. It offers practice-informed insights into teaching the craft and values of public health in ways that are relevant, accessible, and effective. Anyone who teaches public health in times of heightened challenge will find practical strategies for guiding students through complex material, fostering community partnerships, and supporting diverse learning needs in hybrid, in-person, and online settings. The volume also explores the changing culture of classrooms-rethinking assessment, reimagining attendance, and redefining academic integrity-as well as the institutional structures that shape how teaching is supported, rewarded, and sustained.

Recognizing the demands placed on both instructors and learners, contributors share approaches to supporting wellness, preventing burnout, and preparing educators across the academic lifecycle. At once a snapshot of where the field stands and a vision for where it can go, Teaching Public Health, vol. 2, is an important resource for educators, administrators, and institutions committed to ensuring that public health teaching remains dynamic, inclusive, and responsive to the world it serves.

The financial sector is at a pivotal juncture, grappling with unprecedented AI integration alongside mounting regulatory scrutiny.

Despite the abundance of technical resources, there remains a significant gap in accessible governance models tailored to the financial context. This book fills that void, providing practical guidelines and frameworks that align technological innovation with legal, ethical, and societal considerations. AI and ML Governance in Financial Services presents a comprehensive governance blueprint tailored specifically for financial institutions navigating the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). As AI-driven tools become integral to decision-making, risk management, and customer engagement, the need for effective, ethical, and compliant governance frameworks has never been greater.

This book aims to empower financial leaders, compliance officers, data scientists, academia, and regulators to implement responsible AI practices that foster innovation while safeguarding against risks and promoting equity.

Teaching Statistics and Quantitative Methods in the 21st Century is a guide for rethinking and revitalizing statistics and quantitative methods pedagogy for both novice and experienced instructors at undergraduate and graduate levels. It offers modern, transformative approaches to prepare students as future researchers.

Now in its second edition, this ground-breaking volume tackles the question of how introductory statistics and quantitative methods should be taught, drawing on contributions from highly accomplished teachers. Many current textbooks and syllabi remain little changed from those used half a century ago, despite major developments in the field and its role in research. The book rests on a core principle: Introductory teaching should open the pathway to advanced training and equip students to become accomplished researchers.

New chapters address:

• The role of Artificial Intelligence in teaching statistics
• Classroom software applications and applets
• Automated homework generation and grading
• Teaching the replication crisis
• New treatments of p-values, null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) and abduction
• A pedagogical approach based on statistical modeling rather than hypothesis testing

Updated and expanded chapters from the first edition are included alongside these new contributions, presenting both classroom innovations and philosophical challenges to the status quo. The result is a call for a broad reimagining of how statistics and quantitative methods are introduced, designed to engage students, support new instructors, and renew the practice of seasoned teachers.

This innovative volume focuses on social fiction as both a methodological tool and a research product. Drawing on original stories and social theories, this diverse group of authors offers their perspectives to provide a practical guide for developing skills in utilizing social fiction throughout the research process, from study design to the delivery of research outcomes.

While many authors share original works of social fiction in their chapters, others focus on the value of stories, particularly when stories are sacred and cannot be shared in full. Across these approaches, the book broadens the definition of social fiction and demonstrates its power to reimagine research and knowledge-making. This approach fosters a holistic understanding of the relationship between social fiction and research, encouraging researchers to draw on insights from various disciplines.

This interdisciplinary book is for novice and seasoned researchers alike who can recognize the potential of social fiction, as well as scholars and students in the social sciences, the humanities, Indigenous studies, and education who use qualitative research in their work. By engaging with this text, readers can develop critical skills in crafting narratives, integrating social theories, and applying fiction as a methodological tool.

Storytelling Research Methods establishes the methods, subject matter, tonal qualities, and philosophical underpinnings of Storytelling Research, while distinguishing it from its close relatives in Narrative Research, Narrative Inquiry, Performance Research, Autoethnography, and Qualitative Methods. The book includes philosophical discussion of Storytelling Research alongside practical advice on how to conduct storytelling research and international case studies from storytellers, scholars, and thinkers from Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America examining how storytelling methods have been used in practice.

The distinctive emphasis in Storytelling Research is on the telling of stories-that is, on the vibrant moments in which stories are summoned into the psycho-cultural space between individuals and groups. The creation, documentation, and analysis of such moments are tasks of activism as well as pure research-their intention is to bring the world to a renewed condition, while advancing our understanding of such artful interactions. The book traces the interdisciplinary genealogies of storytelling research in Folklore, Performance Studies, Theatre, Communication Studies, Literature, Socio-linguistics, Sociology, History, and other contemporary lenses, while making the case for storytelling as its own uniquely rooted formation. It establishes holistic connections between storytelling as performing art and storytelling as a tool for generating data and social change.

The book will be useful as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in Storytelling, as well as those who wish to expand their understanding of qualitative methods across the Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences.

This book defends a purist neo-Aristotelian approach to hylomorphism, addressing long-standing debates about the reality of material objects and engaging with contemporary philosophical discussions.

It begins with a critical examination of the contemporary "impurist" approach to hylomorphism and then develops a purist conception of form, which is grounded in Aristotle's original framework and contextualized within current theoretical debates. By engaging with both ancient philosophy and contemporary metaphysics, the book demonstrates how the purist approach provides an insightful way to tackle tough philosophical issues.

This book will appeal to scholars and advanced students of ancient Greek philosophy and metaphysics.

This is the first volume in over a century devoted to the second-century bce Peripatetic philosopher Critolaus of Phaselis, covering his views on cosmology, god, ethics, rhetoric, and politics.

Critolaus of Phaselis was the most prominent Aristotelian philosopher of the second century bce; he was at the center of debates in ethics and rhetoric, and there is evidence that he also developed views on the nature of the soul, god, and the cosmos, as well as on politics and history. Nothing that he wrote survives in full, but aspects of his doctrine are known from references in later literature. This volume explores every aspect of his work, reconstructing Critolaus' philosophical convictions and analyzing his position in the context of Hellenistic philosophy, especially in relation to Stoic philosophy.

Critolaus of Phaselis offers fascinating insights into an understudied figure. The book is suitable for students and scholars of Aristotelian and Peripatetic philosophy, as well as Hellenistic philosophy more broadly.

This book aims to foster a dialogue within and across rural communities, practitioners, academics, and decision-makers for interdisciplinary collaborations and informed actions. It offers knowledge about challenges faced by rural communities around the world to assess their Vulnerabilities, Vitality assets, and Versatility to react in a time of global threats and discusses the opportunities and the limits of new technologies, such as remote sensing, to assess these rural conditions. The case studies and examples included discuss how rural communities cope with emergencies and unexpected changes from outside and how to collaborate for achieving better preparedness.

Features

• Provides a practical guide with resources and applications for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers exploring rural development challenges worldwide
• Introduces the emergent concept of "Vitality, Vulnerability and Versatility" to better grasp the challenges of ural communities
• Offers a valuable set of tools to assess rural vulnerability and vitality and focuses on long-term rural transformations that are meaningful for various communities
• Integrates remote sensing technology and explores its opportunities and limits when used in different environments
• Includes real-life case studies from different countries to illustrate how rural conditions assessment can be performed
• Introduces a visual roadmap to facilitate and compare rural assessment between and within rural communities

This book is an insightful resource for practitioners, researchers, graduate, and senior undergraduate students in the fields of urban/regional planning, land management, geography, environment studies, and remote sensing, as well as agencies and NGO institutions working with rural communities.

Algeria, the largest country in North Africa, is geopolitically significant due to its strategic location and natural resources. Despite its potential, the country remains entrenched in a rent-based economy, heavily dependent on hydrocarbon exports, a situation that has persisted since its independence in 1962.

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of Algeria's complex politico-economic system, focusing on its rentier and extractivist nature. The study examines the historical evolution of Algeria's economy, beginning with the ambitious yet ultimately unsuccessful industrialisation efforts of the 1960s and 1970s. This failure led to the country's specialization in the extraction and export of hydrocarbons. Subsequent reforms aimed at transitioning to a market economy have failed to break the country's dependency on oil revenues, instead deepening its rentier and extractivist characteristics. The book critically explores the limitations of applying conventional economic and political science frameworks to analyse the Algerian economy. It argues that these disciplines, developed within the context of Western capitalism, are insufficient to fully capture the unique dynamics of an economy like Algeria's, where the market plays a marginal role, and state-controlled rents dominate wealth distribution. To address these challenges, the book adopts the concept of extractivism, originally developed in Latin American contexts, to better understand the interplay between political struggles, social movements, and economic practices in Algeria. It posits that Algeria is both a rentier and an extractivist state, with these two aspects reinforcing each other and hindering the development of a productive economy.

The book will be of interest to readers of political economy, Middle East and North African studies and international politics.

Tax revenues, as a percentage of GDP, significantly vary all around the world. It is well established that people pay taxes when they are satisfied with the quality of public services and institutions, and this volume argues that cultural value is also a critical factor in explaining the variation in tax revenues.

This book focuses on the differences in tax revenues and tax structure across both developing and developed countries. The concept of "culture" is measured using data surveys, and the effects of cultural attitudes on taxation are considered using a cross-country cultural measurement tool: the World Values Survey. Analysing the cultural attitudes revealed in the newest iteration of the survey (2017-2020), using econometric methods, this book goes beyond the traditional determinants of tax revenues to capture the effects of cultural values on taxation. There is a particular emphasis on the cases of developing and emerging economies, which have typically received less attention in the literature.

This book is addressed to researchers in economics, business schools, public policy, and other areas with an interest in taxation and the impacts of cultural dynamics on the economy.

A rich history of the development of American minimum wage policy with lessons for today.

Despite broad popular support for robust minimum wage policy, the federal minimum wage is now worth less-in real, inflation-adjusted terms-than at any time since 1949. While some state and local governments have stepped in to fill this void, others have declined to set any minimum wage standard at all. Traversing more than 100 years of history, Raising the Floor examines how interest groups have navigated the highly decentralized American political system to shape the development of federal, state, and local minimum wage laws.

In her analysis, Shanna Rose highlights the importance of American federalism. She argues that because federalism creates multiple arenas for policy change, interest groups have sought out the sites most conducive to their goals, shifting their lobbying efforts as new obstacles and opportunities emerge. Federalism has facilitated minimum wage policymaking by fostering policy experimentation, learning, and diffusion across states and by allowing state and local governments to overcome gridlock and status-quo biases at the national level. Yet, federalism has also been an instrument for containment, enabling those opposed to minimum wage increases to litigate and preempt local-level laws.

With rich historical chapters that illuminate different phases in the development of today's patchwork of wage standards, Raising the Floor is a deep examination of the past, present, and future of American minimum wage law.

Based on the collaborative, interdisciplinary research project Shift-Plastics this book establish sustainable circular value chains for managing plastics in the fisheries and aquaculture industries, which are significant causes of ocean plastic pollution.

Focused on reducing plastic production and consumption by examining the entire life cycle and taking upstream measures, the Norwegian case presented in this book highlights globally relevant insights into how to manage the complexity of plastic pollution and the systemic changes needed for a sustainable circular economy (SCE).

This book takes a transdisciplinary approach, incorporating academic perspectives and collaborating with industry and public bodies to improve plastic handling in the fisheries and aquaculture industries. It integrates multiple scientific disciplines, including technological science, policy science, economics, environmental science, design thinking, and systems thinking. It also investigates the value chain of plastic use in the fisheries and aquaculture industries to map their management practices and pinpoint issues that can be improved throughout the process. In doing so, it provides practical advice on how to create effective policies in line with a SCE for both businesses and policymakers. Further, it highlights how plastic production can be reduced through extended usability, ways to apply eco-design principles to create products that can easily be disassembled, repaired, and recycled, and options for using bioplastics and recycled materials. Finally, it presents a roadmap that connects changes in industrial practices, infrastructure needs and policy design in the short, medium, and long term to achieve reduced plastic use and plastic pollution in the fisheries and aquaculture industries.

Managing Marine Plastic Pollution in Norway will be an important research reference and tool for academics, students, policymakers, industry and business professionals in pollution and waste management, sustainability, circular economy, and marine, fishery, and environmental management.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 International license.

An essential textbook on how the environment influences our health and well-being.The Environment and Your Health

Everything around us-air, water, food, buildings, neighborhoods-shapes our health in profound ways. Edited by Megan Weil Latshaw and Joseph P. Bressler, this essential textbook offers a comprehensive foundation in environmental health to help students understand how physical, chemical, biological, and social environments influence well-being.

This textbook provides clear, accessible coverage of the key topics required by instructors, including legacy content from traditional environmental health syllabi and new competency-based standards. Students will explore environmental exposure assessment, toxicology, epidemiology, air and water pollution, food safety, occupational health, and risk assessment.

They'll also examine broader systemic issues, such as climate change, food systems, environmental justice, and the intersection of human, animal, and ecosystem health. Emerging concerns like "forever chemicals," global waste, and the health impacts of the built environment are addressed alongside traditional core topics. Through a systems-thinking lens, the book encourages readers to analyze complex, real-world challenges and consider policy and intervention strategies that can improve health outcomes at individual, community, and global scales. Engaging case studies and clear learning objectives reinforce each chapter's key concepts.

The Environment and Your Health equips students with the knowledge and perspective to understand how their environment shapes their health-and how they can help shape healthier environments.

This book offers a critical and transdisciplinary rethinking of project management in the creative industries. Bridging theory and practice, it explores how traditional approaches can be adapted, enriched, or challenged to better respond to the complex, uncertain, and value-driven nature of contemporary creative work.

Each chapter explores project management theory through clearly articulated frameworks from major schools of thought, referencing key scholarly contributions. These theoretical discussions are complemented by real-world examples from an experienced creative industries project manager, creating a dialogue between academic rigor and practical relevance. The text critically examines traditional project management assumptions, offering conceptual resources to reimagine project management as a collaborative, reflexive space for meaning-making. Drawing on provocative frameworks like the Scandinavian School and Making Projects Critical, alongside insights from design and the social sciences, it proposes integrative models that balance organizational efficiency with the unique values, rhythms, and processes inherent to creative practice. The dual approach of theoretical depth paired with practitioner wisdom equips readers with both intellectual understanding and practical tools to navigate the complexities of managing innovative projects. The result is a fresh perspective that honors the distinctive characteristics of creative work while maintaining necessary structure and direction.

Managing Projects in the Creative Industries is intended for researchers, students, project management professionals, and practitioners in the cultural and creative industries who seek to enrich their practices, challenge dominant norms, and develop more human-centered, critical, and context-sensitive approaches.

This four-volume primary source collection examines the links between the financial world and British culture in the nineteenth-century. The twenty-first-century financial world had its origins in nineteenth-century Britain with industrialism, imperial expansion, and a robust securities market. New developments in limited liability and financial journalism democratized investment, rendering Victorian Britain a nation of shareholders. The City of London and the London Stock Exchange sat at the very centre of international finance, much as the New York Stock Exchange does today.
The history of nineteenth-century finance is also the history of culture and cultural change. Finance cut across all aspects of life in the nineteenth-century. It was central to many social and political issues, including the "woman question" (should women invest their own money?) and Liberal reform (did a laissez-faire economy adequately protect ordinary investors?) The ups and downs of the stock market were also central to the plots of Victorian novels and plays.
This multi-volume collection of primary source materials, accompanied by extensive editorial commentary, document the origins, growth, and impact of Britain's financial system.

Drawing on the authors' varied experiences researching and teaching in the field, Analysis of Multivariate Social Science Data: Statistical Machine Learning Methods, Third Edition enables a basic understanding of how to use key multivariate methods in the social sciences. With minimal mathematical and statistical knowledge required, this third edition expands its topics to include graphical modelling, models for longitudinal data, structural equation models for categorical variables, and latent class analysis for ordinal, nominal, and continuous variables. It also connects the topics to terminology and principles of machine learning, intended to help readers grasp the links between methods of multivariate analysis and advancements in the field of data science.

After describing methods for the summarisation of data in the first part of the book, the authors consider regression analysis. This chapter provides a link between the two halves of the book, signalling the move from descriptive to inferential methods. The remainder of the text deals with model-based methods that primarily make inferences about processes that generate data.

Relying heavily on numerical examples from a range of disciplines, the authors provide insight into the purpose and working of the methods as well as the interpretation of results from analyses. Many of the same examples are used throughout to illustrate connections between the methods. In most chapters, the authors present suggestions for further work that go beyond conventional practice, encouraging readers to explore new ground in social science research.

Features

• Contains new chapters on undirected graphical modelling and models for longitudinal data, as well as new material such as K-means, cross-validation, structural equation models for categorical variables, latent class analysis for categorical, nominal and continuous variables, and treatment of missing data.
• Connects topics with terminology and principles of machine learning.
• Presents numerous examples of real-world applications, including voting preferences, social attitudes, educational assessment, recidivism, and health.
• Covers methods that summarise, describe, and explore multivariate datasets, including longitudinal data.
• Establishes a unified approach to latent variable modelling by providing detailed coverage of methods such as item response theory, factor analysis for continuous and categorical data, and models for categorical latent variables.
• Covers models for hierarchical and longitudinal data and their connections to latent variable models.
• Offers a full version of the data sets in the text or the book's website, with software code for implementing the analyses on the website.

The book offers a balanced and accessible resource for students and researchers with limited mathematical and statistical training. It serves as a practical resource for courses in multivariate analysis and as a guide for applying these techniques in applied research.