This open access book examines the dynamics of learning domestic and care work within affluent expatriate households, characterized by significant economic privilege and, at times, diplomatic immunity.

Paula Maehlck employs contemporary narratives from privileged female expatriate employers and Tanzanian domestic workers, colonial documents, analysis of the built space of expatriate households, as well as literary works and analytic autoethnography to investigate the continuities and changes in contemporary employment relations as compared to those during the British colonial era from the 1920s to the 1960s. While the relationship between women employers and domestic workers serves as the entrance of the investigation, the study delves deeper into postcolonial dynamics of learning and their interconnections with gender, race, and class. It emphasizes learning to cope as a dynamic process involving negotiation and movement, offering a nuanced perspective that transcends the victim/survivor dichotomy.

Moreover, the book highlights the subtlety of unlearning oppressive practices and relations, distinguishing them from formal affirmative actions. It underscores unlearning as a means for individuals and collectives to challenge established knowledge, perceptions, and practices, aiming to demonstrate the possibility of change. Through its multifaceted approach, which includes the historicization of alternative narratives, sociological analysis, theoretical discussions on social reproduction, and critical examinations of research methods for Western scholars researching non-Western contexts, this book provides valuable insights into the complexities of domestic work taking place in expatriate households in postcolonial Tanzania. It offers a thought-provoking examination of learning, learning to cope, and unlearning within the context of privilege and power.

The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by Stockholm University.

This book examines the implications of information security which plays such an important role in modern digital infrastructure. Information security technologies restrict the (mis)use of this infrastructure, while also constantly being probed by researchers, intelligence agencies and criminals. One can see this cycle of making and breaking everywhere in the digital sphere. An important example of this cat-and-mouse game is the development of quantum computers, which may in the near future break some widely used encryption technologies.

This cycle also has implications for human rights: weakening encryption may affect privacy, for example. But the relationship between human rights and information security has not been investigated in-depth before. In this study, state obligations relating to information security are analysed under the European Convention for Human Rights and the EU Charter for Fundamental Rights, focusing on issues as human rights-compatible encryption policy, on how governments should deal with vulnerabilities in software, and whether governments can curtail the development and export of quantum computers.

This book analyses the human rights-compatibility of quantum computing governance and offers unique insights into the connection between human rights and information security that will be relevant for legal practitioners, policy-makers and academics involved in this field of research.

Ot van Daalen is Assistant Professor at the Institute for Information Law (IViR), Faculty of Law of the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

This book traces the history and coherence of the use of the word 'representations' from its origins, particularly in the description of artefacts, to its use in the description of so-called mental and neural representations in the mind and in the brain. It is shown that there are no good reasons for this transition. Experimental psychology is confused in taking what one perceives to be a mental representation. Neuroscientists need to avoid moving readily between the notions of neural and mental representations; indeed even the logic of taking a pattern of neural activity as standing for some sensibly experienced characteristic requires elucidation. It is concluded that the word 'representation' when used in experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience is confounding.

The tourism and hospitality industry is rapidly undergoing a disruptive transformation owing to advances in information and communications technology. This book aims to highlight how the unfolding digital transformation trends help the industry attain sustainable development by taking full account of its current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts and addressing the needs of tourists, the industry, the environment, and destinations. With the advent of digital technologies following the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), there has been a rapid change in how customers and businesses interact regarding the timeliness and relevance of communication. Although the positive effects of digital transformation have received sustained scholarly interest, its adverse effects, as well as how the digitisation of tourism operations can enable the achievement of sustainable development, have attracted limited academic focus.

The book comprises contributions that generate theoretical insights, empirical findings, and evidence-based recommendations by focusing on emerging and forecasted technologies used in the tourism and hospitality industry, such as blockchains, robots, Artificial Intelligence, Virtual Reality, big data, and analytics. The book could be helpful for future research to focus on the impact of different forms of digital technology by examining their sociocultural and environmental effects. Building on prior research, the chapters in this volume extrapolate current studies on digital development to provide more links to tourism and hospitality.

The travel and hospitality industry in the 21st century cannot be conceived, planned, advertised, run, or researched without the use of digital technology and innovation. Sustainable development in this sector cannot be achieved without considering the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The use of technology not only enhances the industry's profitability but also helps it to respond effectively to pressing global sustainability issues such as pandemics, climate change, energy crises, workforce shortages, and hyperinflation. Furthermore, technology allows the sector to fully evaluate its current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of tourists, businesses, the environment, and destinations. However, implementing technology is not a simple process and involves various opportunities, costs, and challenges that differ depending on the geopolitical and socio-economic context.

With the drive towards disability inclusion, digitalisation, technological innovations, and inventions can play a significant role in universal design and reasonable accommodation for older people and populations with disabilities in the Global North and South-such forms one of the key pillars of accessible tourism and hospitality. In the context of the above and in response to the thoughtful need for new and sustained study of the developments, interrelationships, potentialities of the topic, and synergies, this edited book explores the trends, opportunities, challenges, and complexities of digitalisation and technology integration in the tourism and hospitality industry, as well as strategic shifts that will contribute to emerging research streams. The book comprises contributions that generate theoretical insights, empirical findings, and evidence-based recommendations by focusing on emerging and forecasted technologies used in the tourism and hospitality industry, such as blockchains, robots, Artificial Intelligence, Virtual Reality, big data, and analytics. The aim is to provide a better understanding of how disruptive technologies and digitalisation are currently being utilised and how they currently and potentially influence various stakeholder groups, as well as their future possibilities and impossibilities. The third volume, in a three-volume set, primarily covers how these new technologies impact consumers and employees of tourism-related services.

Tourist travel has become part of the lifestyle of Western industrial society. For today's travelers, recreation and curiosity, experiencing the world and gaining status have been the main motivations, whereas generating income or profit has been the focus of the more or less professional service providers who still style themselves ?hosts?. But the benefits of tourism also have their drawbacks - not least for the local residents who do not participate in tourism but are affected by traffic, high prices in restaurants and housing. Another loser is unprotected nature, the environment, as tourism infrastructure eats up the landscape. As with any industry, there are downsides to a business where the sun always seems to shine. This book examines the many contradictions, in hopes of promoting more conscious, responsible forms of tourism.

The tourism and hospitality industry in the 21st century cannot be adequately planned, executed, marketed, managed, or studied without taking into account digital technology and its impact. The Fourth Industrial Revolution provides the framework for sustainable development in this sector. Technology not only increases profitability but also enables the industry to effectively respond to pressing global sustainability challenges such as pandemics, climate change, energy crises, staffing shortages, and hyperinflation. Moreover, technology allows the industry to consider its current and future economic, social, and environmental consequences, addressing the needs of tourists, the industry, the environment, and destinations. However, implementing technology efficiently and ethically is a complex process, and the opportunities, costs, and challenges vary depending on the geopolitical and socio-economic context.

The application of digitalisation and technological innovations have played a significant role in promoting universal design and reasonable accommodation for older adults and individuals with disabilities in both developed and developing countries. These advancements are crucial for the growth of accessible tourism and hospitality. This edited book aims to explore the trends, challenges, and complexities of integrating digitalisation and technology into the tourism and hospitality industry. It also examines the strategic shifts that will shape future research in this area. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research, including theoretical insights, empirical evidence, and evidence-based recommendations. It covers a range of technologies, such as blockchain, robots, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, big data, and analytics. The goal is to understand how these disruptive technologies are being used and their potential impact on various stakeholders, as well as their future possibilities and limitations.

This book will help you better understand the purchase decisions of your customers: How do customers decide? Are we confused by too much choice? Are we deceived by a decoy on the shelf? How well can we compare prices? How do hunger and caffeine influence our purchasing behavior?

As a marketing and sales professional, you regularly deal with purchase decisions made by your customers regarding your product offerings. Marketing decisions are sometimes made under great uncertainty and with little reliable knowledge - but with a lot of "gut feeling".

In 33 short chapters, Sebastian Oetzel and Andreas Luppold, experts in shopper marketing and shopper research, present relevant factors and phenomena that influence purchasing decisions. The authors illuminate various aspects of purchase decision-making and discuss and sometimes refute common hypotheses from the perspectives of classical economics, behavioral economics, and psychology.

A book for anyone professionally or academically involved in purchase decisions - and for anyone who wants to better understand and question their own purchase decision-making processes.

With a foreword by Dr. Alexander Lauer (Aldi Nord) and Prof. Dr. Bernd Skiera (Goethe University Frankfurt).

Excerpt from exciting questions for which you will find insights and actionable answers:

• Why we should use positive frames. And why the higher number brings more.
• Why "EUR 0.-" is better than "Free". And why the chance to get it for free works better than a guaranteed discount.
• Why individuality can lead to more dissatisfaction. And why men shouldn't shop together.
• Why price guarantees can lead to higher prices for buyers. And why they simultaneously improve the retailer's price image.
• Why we are unconsciously influenced by stimuli before making a purchase decision. And why some stimuli tempt us to do exactly the opposite.

... and 28 more phenomena.

Celebrity endorsement has shown to be an effective way enhancing brand-related attitudes, reinforcing behavioural intentions, and shaping brand perceptions. Indeed, companies devote a lot of resources on celebrity endorsement to exploit emotional bonds between consumers and brands in order to accomplish their desired brand image and increase brand awareness, differentiation, and brand loyalty. In short, brands that are endorsed by a favourite celebrity and influencer become more credible and trustworthy.

This edited book examines this new era of marketing by focusing on the impact of employing celebrities, SMIs and virtual influencers to endorse the brand as a key advertising tactic. In particular, it focuses on the rise of social media usage and the corresponding changes in advertising strategies in the digital era. As well as exploring this rise of celebrity influencers and their value, the book also takes a critical lens, examining their roles in fuelling the growth of materialism, causing mental health issues among adolescents, and aiding the development of fast fashion. With this balanced and comprehensive approach, this book is an essential resource for anyone interested in the future of advertising.

This one-stop resource explores the leading child welfare issues facing the USA today, as well as the laws, programs, and policy prescriptions that have been implemented or suggested to address pressing child welfare problems. In doing so, the book surveys the perspectives of lawmakers, child advocacy organizations, and scholars, as well as parents and children.

Moving through centuries of US history, Child Welfare in America ranges from the child labor practices of the nineteenth century to contemporary anxieties about affordable child care, underperforming schools, screen time and social media pressures, and abusive family environments.

Readers will better understand the range of factors affecting child welfare, including the cost of good child care, alcohol and drug abuse in family settings, homelessness, educational opportunities, teen pregnancy, and more. The book also surveys the perspectives of lawmakers, child advocacy organizations, and scholars, as well as parents and children.

Profiles of important advocacy organizations, agencies and individuals outline the approaches to child welfare issues and policies throughout the centuries.

This book critically analyzes how European countries manage family-related challenges as they grapple with social and political transformations. It contributes to our understanding of contemporary family issues and serves as a bridge between academic analysis and practical policymaking.

In an era marked by dynamic and precarious societal shifts, evolving family structures, and intricate policy landscapes, the imperative to comprehensively examine family life, social risks, and policies becomes increasingly apparent. This contributed volume delves into how changes in family and gender roles, work, and household composition have affected the intricacies of parental leave policies, societal attitudes, and the inherent precarity within family life. The chapters, composed by esteemed authors, provide both a national and a cross-national perspective, offering invaluable insights into the diverse ways families and states navigate the complexities of contemporary society, highlighting the unaddressed vulnerabilities created by existing public policies. The contents explore the nexus of changes in family, policy, and welfare state responsibilities with a focus on:

• Parental Leave Policies and Effects
• Lone Parenthood
• The Effects of Family Policy on Entering and Exiting the Labor Force
• Changing Attitudes Around Gender Roles and Policy

Navigating Family Policies in Precarious Times guides readers through the complex interplay of familial experiences, social risks, and the multifaceted landscape of family policies across Europe. The book is an indispensable resource for examining policies and challenges encountered by contemporary families for policymakers, scholars, and practitioners. Its focus on Eastern European countries makes it a particularly relevant and engaging resource for students and educators interested in social policy and the complexities of family life in this region. With an interdisciplinary approach to a growing social issue, the book is a valuable resource for researchers in sociology, social work, economics, psychology and political science. It also can be used as a text in undergraduate and graduate courses on family such as Family Studies, Human Behavior & Social Environment, and Social and/or Family Policy courses.

This book investigates the mixed economy of welfare that assisted socially marginalised people in interwar Europe, namely the state, local authorities, and a combination of voluntary and informal actors. While literature has traditionally emphasised the key role of the state, the cooperation between public authorities and private actors has always been a staple of social policy in Europe throughout history. The interwar years prominently featured these entanglements between the increased public sphere of action and the voluntary sector. Focusing on three thematic areas: warfare and its effects; boundaries of aid and institutional segregation; and gender and religion, the authors present case studies from various European countries between 1919 and 1939. All contributions explore the variegated world that composed the so-called mixed economy of welfare. By shifting the emphasis to the collaborations and frictions between social marginals, non-state actors, and public authorities on a local, national, and transnational level, the book challenges too simplistic distinctions between public and private initiatives and reveals the cultural, political, and practical common traits that featured in European care for marginals across a variety of geographical variations and socio-political contexts.

Chapter(s) "Rescuing Endangered Girls: The Yugoslav Experience in a Comparative View." is/are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via Springerlink.

Arguing that Philip Rieff was a Freudian who departed in vital and fascinating ways from Freud, and a committed modern who nevertheless viewed modernity as a disaster, this book makes clear his thought transcends contemporary left-right culture war dichotomies.

Alasdair MacIntyre described Rieff's early work as 'a permanently valuable contribution to the human sciences.' The essays in this volume engage with Rieff's teaching, both early and late, across a number of different axes and from a number of disciplinary perspectives, placing him into dialogue with thinkers such as Plato, Nietzsche, Freud, Weber, Heidegger, Strauss, Pieper, Wilde and more. The Philosophy of Philip Rieff conveys the utility of Rieff's theory for thinking through various contemporary issues, from religion, culture and race, to the role of elites in a democratic society. Philip Rieff's thought offers a key to unlocking the cultural trajectories of late modernity, and this interdisciplinary volume engages that work in its depth and complexity while suggesting Rieff's place in the wider philosophic tradition.

The breadth and depth of the scholarship of Marise Cremona is honoured in this collection of essays written by her colleagues and friends.

Taking Cremona's field-defining research as a point of reference, this collection of research articles examines the power of law in EU external relations. Echoing the expansive scope of Cremona's intellectual enquiries across the growing and diversifying field of external relations law, this volume offers new insights into the principles and procedures that underlie this area of law; the role and responsibilities of the EU as an international actor; and the strategies and instruments through which the Union pursues its external agenda.

Spanning the analysis of foundational concepts and more contemporary interventions in respect of the environment, human rights, foreign direct investment and even Brexit, what emerges from this collection is a richly conceptualised and clear examination of the multiple ways in which the power of law captures or eludes the EU's construction of a domain of external relations; a domain in which the EU interacts not only with its Member States but also other subjects of the international legal order.

Investigating the trajectories of economic nationalisms in Cold War Europe, this open access book explores the scope and limits of small (nation-)state actors pursuing and defending national economic interests in a globalizing world. In so doing, it contributes a new perspective in the economic history, political economy and nationalism literatures on post-war Europe. With this remit underscoring the inherent vulnerabilities of smaller national economies and their strategies of economic survival beyond the constraints of Cold War alignments, Varieties of Economic Nationalism in Cold War Europe reconstructs national economic discourses and policy objectives of smaller states and sub-states on both sides of the Iron Curtain from the mid-1960s through the late 1980s.

Examining the impact of economic turning points such as the simultaneous crises of Western Keynesianism and Eastern Marxism-Leninism, the oil and financial shocks of the mid-1970s or the interplay of economic liberalization and decolonization on small state economic policy-making and diplomacy, eight empirical case studies are here brought together to illustrate the variety of Cold War-era economic nationalisms and their oscillation between protectionism and free market approaches. Far from being powerless and subjected to the geo-economic binaries of the early Cold War, small states in East and West were, as the contributions demonstrate, very capable of turning smallness into a strategic asset and expanding their room for manoeuvre in a quickly shifting global economy.

The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Austrian Science Fund.

This book reconstructs the economic thought of Italian women who produced written sources, and of those whose "only" legacy was their actions. The conceptual tools of economic history and the history of economic thought alike are used to reveal the economic ideas of women overlooked by historiography in four fields, namely as entrepreneurs, workers, educators, and politicians. As for the entrepreneurs, the book examines the businesswoman Isabella De Mari Doria (eighteenth century) and other figures active in both the industrialized and the informal sectors in the nineteenth century. The important issues of female employment and wage discrimination based on gender are analyzed, taking into account the debates of the period. In turn, the role of women in economic education in the first half of the twentieth century is reconstructed through the figure of Aurelia Josz, an educational entrepreneur who trained female agricultural entrepreneurs, managers, and teachers, and by exploring the presence of women at universities, both as students of economics and as educators and researchers. Lastly, the book takes a closer look at women involved in politics who dealt with economic issues: the socialist Anna Kuliscioff, the fascist Margherita Grassini Sarfatti, and the 21 women who took part in the Italian Constituent Assembly in June 1946. Given its scope, the book appeals to scholars and students of the history of economic thought, economic history, and women's studies.

By exploring the trajectories of Islamist parties in six diverse countries (Turkey, Morocco, Tunisia, Pakistan, Indonesia, and Malaysia), this book provides a comparative analysis of the strategies employed by Islamist groups to confront established political structures through electoral processes and their subsequent governance practices if and when they assume power. The latter aspect is less explored than the predominant focus on Islamist opposition movements.

The book analyses how these Islamist political parties navigate and negotiate with oppositional forces and establishments, concisely discussing the complex dynamics at play within each country.

The book also bridges the gap between North Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Asia Minor, providing a comparative analysis across regions.

Primarily serving as an introductory text to the subject of Islamist parties, the book functions as a comprehensive reader and handbook. Each chapter covers a range of key issues and themes relevant to the governance and political activities of the Islamist party of the country studied in the chapter, offering a general overview of Islamist party experiences across various themes and different historical periods.

This book is a study of comparative social and political theory, examining how Hayek's classical liberalism has been influencing the development of Chinese liberalism since 1949.

While both Chinese liberalism and the thought of Hayek can each be studied in its own right, this is the first systematic study on how Hayek's ideas have helped post-war Chinese liberals enrich their social and political theory in the pursuit of freedom and in formulating theoretical responses to the challenges of modernity in China. This book examines and identifies those central theoretical tenets of Hayek that are most inspiring to the post-war Chinese liberals in their efforts in developing a more robust and profound understanding of freedom in the Chinese context. It argues that the new post-war understanding of Chinese liberalism has superseded the social democratic understanding that was widely adopted by pre-war Chinese liberals. These theoretical/Hayekian tenets include: the critique of totalitarianism and scientism, the idea of the free market, the insights inherited from the Scottish Enlightenment to counter the excess of Cartesian Rationalism, the thesis of the concurrent evolution of culture and mind, and the central importance of the rule of law in defending individual freedom.

This book aims to help political theorists and historians of comparative political thought both in the East and in the West better understand the intellectual issues involved and explore further research endeavours in the same area.