This book explores portraits of significant women living in central and southeastern Europe whose lives and activities remain unknown, uncovering their lifestyles as well as the social entanglements relating to their education. The book also examines transnationality and modernity, arguing that during the eighteenth to nineteenth centuries transculturality as a cultural marker was in contrast with national fallacies. In addition to this, it provides insight into the controversies concerning women's social standing, and it investigates the prevailing social norms, restrictions, and biases that affected their lives. The book draws on a wide range of original printed sources such as school archives, government documents, newspapers, and journals as well as secondary sources of literature.

First English-language book on the history of commercial sex in Belgium

In 2022, the Belgian parliament made a landmark decision by approving the decriminalisation of sex work. This move positioned the small nation as the first country in Europe - and the second globally - to abandon the hypocrisy of tolerance. But this was not the first time paid sex in Belgium gained international notoriety. The medieval bathhouses and 'frows of Flanders' were well-known throughout Europe. In the nineteenth century, Belgium faced international outrage as the alleged epicentre of white slavery. Yet while Belgians were accused of forcing white women into prostitution, they were left alone when it came to the inclusion of any suspect woman in the prostitution registers of colonial Congo. Throughout the First and Second World Wars, both allied and German soldiers sought relief in Belgian brothels. The Business of Pleasure presents the compelling life stories of sex workers and their interactions with authorities, clients and pimps. Transcending stereotypes, this history of commercial sex offers a nuanced understanding of the difficulties and opportunities associated with paid sex for women, men and trans persons past and present.

Contributors: Elwin Hofman (Utrecht University), Magaly Rodriguez Garcia (KU Leuven), Pieter Vanhees (former researcher KU Leuven), Jelle Haemers (KU Leuven), Amandine Lauro (Universite libre de Bruxelles), Maarten Loopmans (KU Leuven), Ilias Loopmans (MA history student at University of Antwerp), Sonia Verstappen (former sex worker).

Drawing on significant recent scholarship on African American urban life over three centuries, Black Urban History at the Crossroads bridges disparate chronological, regional, topical, and thematic perspectives on the Black urban experience beginning with the Atlantic slave trade. Across ten cutting-edge chapters, leading scholars explore the many ways that urban Black people across the United States built their own communities; crafted their own strategies for self-determination; and shaped the larger economy, culture, and politics of the urban environment and of their cities, regions, and nation. This volume not only highlights long-running changes over time and space, from preindustrial to emerging postindustrial cities, but also underscores the processes by which one era influences the emergence of the next moment in Black urban history.

In these times of rising tensions between Christians and Muslims across the world, the need for harmony and peace has never been more urgent. As one of the world's leading advocates of interfaith dialogue, Craig Considine introduces readers to the provocative idea of the Synthesis of Civilizations, a theory that pushes beyond dialogue to show where and how Western and Islamic civilizations have been - and continue to be - in a deeper union with one another.

With an open mind and a deep appreciation of the Abrahamic tradition, Considine takes readers on a fascinating journey across history and the current state of Christian-Muslim relations in seven "battleground" regions of the world. Alongside the undeniable tensions between Christians and Muslims, the book presents and applies an interfaith community-building tool - DEUCE - focused on dialogue, education, understanding, commitment, and engagement. With unprecedented civilizational scope and sweeping sociological insight, Considine does full justice to the religious and social bonds between Christianity and Islam.

While daily headlines highlight the shared fear, persecution, and violence experienced by Christians and Muslims worldwide, Beyond Dialogue is intended to inspire interfaith bridge builders who are passionate about defending and promoting civility, humanity, and pluralism on the world stage.

This book presents the concept of Spiritual Jewish criminology. It stems from the Jewish spiritual paradigm, and explains criminology from this point of view in theoretical and applied perspectives. This volume uses qualitative methodology and a phenomenological, hermeneutic approach that enables a combination of interviews and analysis of scriptural texts.

Spiritual criminology topics covered from the Spiritual Jewish perspective include:

• References to life purpose.
• Human nature and tendencies.
• Freedom of choice.
• Corresponding perception of punishment and rehabilitation.

This volume suggests theoretical and practical implications to the field of criminology, and although based on Jewish premises, presents in a way that can benefit different belief systems. It is ideal for professionals interested in the intersection of spirituality and criminology.

This book discusses the meaning of smell from a socio-cultural perspective and brings important considerations of smell and olfaction beyond anatomy and physiology in an erudite, reader-friendly style. It addresses ideas about smell and odor in culturally diverse contexts; pays attention to the subtle ways in which smell is expressed; treats smell as part of memory, prejudice, rumor, and sexuality; offers insights into the role of smell in religion, literature, film art, intangible cultural heritage, and museum practices, with particular attention to the challenges posed by historical smells; describes the legal regulation of smell and the background to scent marketing that seeks to influence consumer buying habits, adding a unique and practical dimension to the content. In addition to philosophical and medical historical aspects, the book offers insights into the evolution, diagnosis and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the human sense of smell and illustrates how our environment and societal influences shape our sensory perceptions and thus our attitudes and interpretation of the olfactory world around us. From an anthropological perspective, the book looks at olfactory heritage, cultural traditions, and the symbolism of the nose in different societies. Overall, it offers a comprehensive and thought-provoking cultural examination of the sense of smell - a sense that is often underestimated - while broadening our understanding of the world of smell and its role in our lives.

"Ramsak's research provides valuable insights into the relationship between smell and culture, including its influence on identity, memory, social interactions, cultural practices, and beliefs. The book is a valuable resource for sensory anthropology, olfactory and intangible heritage."

Prof. Dr. Katja Hrobat Virloget, University of Primorska, The Faculty of Humanities, Department of Anthropology and Cultural Studies, Koper, Slovenia

"The remarkable depth and breadth of the subtle connection between smell and culture is testament to Ramsak's deep engagement with the subject and her exceptional understanding of the global patterns of cultural connotations associated with smell."

Prof. Dr. Sophie Elpers, The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meertens Institut, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

This book offers fresh perspectives on the legacy of colonialism in the North-east frontiers of India, especially the Naga Hills. The book interrogates the presence of British administrators and anthropologists in the Naga Hills as part of a popular discourse on (post) colonialism. It weaves a coherent chronological sequence of events and the prevailing attitudes of administrators-cum-anthropologists to understand the whole process of colonial intervention in the Naga Hills. It examines the conventional notions of 'tribes' and 'identity' within the context of the Naga Hills. It explores the transformation of Naga Hills through the lens of colonialism, providing a critical perspective on identity and the intricate web of historical narratives. It is a must-read for scholars, anthropologists, historians, and all those intrigued by the multifaceted legacy of colonialism in the Naga Hills.

This book explores the diverse range of other-than-human persons that inhabited and affected the landscape of the ancient Americas. These case studies acknowledge what is often dismissed by Western scholars: that Indigenous communities have long recognized degrees of personhood in mountains, volcanoes, caves, springs, rivers, rocks, plants, archaeological sites, trees, and animals and that this worldview should be taken seriously in archaeological investigations, community relations, and interpretations.

In Archaeology in a Living Landscape, contributors examine the role of nonhuman agents in the ancient world, from land management and tenure to economics, politics, migration, pilgrimage, trade routes, conquest, ethics, and philosophy. Chapters describe Tlingit cosmology, lightning beings and magnetism in the Minnesota River Region, linguistic approaches to animacy in the United States Southeast, nonhuman persons in the ancient Maya economy, and Lacandon Maya ritual landscapes. They investigate the role of quarries in the building of Inka huacas (sacred spaces or objects), clay procurement and Andean apus (powerful mountains), Amazonian animism in polychrome ceramics, and the built and unbuilt landscape of the Mapuche. An epilogue by Dakota elder James Wa?bdi Ha?yetu Rock highlights how Western academic discourse often diverges from the viewpoints of Indigenous subjects.

The contributors to this volume use language accessible to readers of diverse backgrounds. They focus on the centrality of nonhuman persons in the lives of Indigenous communities, working to move away from Western biases to embrace and integrate Indigenous belief frameworks in their studies. Archaeology in a Living Landscape highlights the value of Indigenous knowledge systems not just as archaeological evidence but as a body of theory.

Contributors: Steve J. Langdon Lisa J. Lucero Alexei Vranich James Rock Eleanor Harrison-Buck Lucia R. Henderson Nicola Sharratt Patrick Ryan Williams Bill Sillar Brent K.S. Woodfill Jacob J. Sauer Margaret Spivey-Faulkner Sigrid Arnott Dianne Desrosiers Joshua Feinberg David Maki Carolyn Dean Alice Balsanelli Joel W. Palka A.C. Roosevelt Dennis Ogburn

This volume provides a broad outlook on migrant youth and schooling in Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Iceland and the United Kingdom. It explores empirically how these young people-who range from the first to the third generation-position themselves in relation to school, friendships, language-use, aspirations, and the expectations placed upon them. The book also examines the role of a variety of professionals, street-level bureaucrats, and other key actors in framing, representing, problematizing and ultimately contributing to shaping the experiences of these young people. Contemporary contextual challenges for educational advancement are particularly highlighted, as are key issues of cultural representation and recognition. Several contributions also focus on sub-groups within the immigrant-origin population that have so far only received a limited attention in the literature, such as youth in rural areas, LGBT youth, first-in-family college students, and youth who transition out of anti-school subcultures.
The contributors stem from a variety of disciplines, ranging from Education and Youth Studies to Social Work and Sociology, and tackle many innovative themes, such as peer violence, special needs education, and artistic interventions, among many others. Through this original perspective and comparative outlook, the book makes an important contribution to the literature on youth, migration, identity, and education. It will interest undergraduate students in several areas of the social sciences, teachers and other professionals who work with children and young people.

This book analyses the negotiation of place, belonging and uncertainty enacted by a group of 60 men and women seeking asylum who gathered weekly in a community space in Bristol, UK, to share songs, memories, laughter, and precariousness with other established and new city-dwellers. Building on a rich corpus of ethnographic data, this book explores music-making to address "what goes unnoticed" in existing ways of thinking about forced migration.

By looking at the junctures where leisure, forced migration and urban analyses intersect with grassroot solidarity with and by people seeking asylum, it offers an interdisciplinary reading of music, forced migration and emplacement for scholars across leisure, anthropology, sociology, and geography. This book contributes and provokes novel discussions regarding refugees' everyday experiences and negotiations of precariousness, suspension, and marginality in Britain.

This book specifically focuses on young adults who have the highest usage of digital technologies in their daily lives. We have assembled contributions of knowledge from scholars and students in Higher Education as they have the most direct experience of going through COVID and were most impacted by it. Through the collection of these views and studies, we will critically discuss how digital technological advances the unique experiences of young adults going through the pandemic. The content will cover a wide range of learning, policy-making, and mental health outcomes to raise pragmatic value to those appraising, and restructuring programs for individuals engaging in digital technologies. This book will draw conclusions on important clinical impact and scientific value on what might be the new direction for upcoming digital intervention and the trend of newly designed educational program for Higher Education. Readers will gain knowledge on the significant impact upon research and improvements for this young generation.

This book offers a historical, cultural, political and socio-economic analysis of the British media. It examines how facts and events are reported and interpreted, but also how ideas and opinions circulate and are recycled, with attention being paid to British traits and tropes in these domains. This in-depth study of "issues" and "singularity" aims at understanding how the British media have helped shape the country's culture and representations, thereby providing its people with a sense of togetherness.

Volume 2 focuses on radio and (mostly) television broadcasting, from the interwar period to the early 21st century. In order to apprehend what is deeply engrained in British culture and thus contributes to shaping national identity, it analyses the ideas disseminated and reflected not only in programmes but also within media institutions in the face of changing political contexts, as well as providing a historiographical overview.

This book offers a historical, cultural, political and socio-economic analysis of the British media. It examines how facts and events are reported and interpreted, but also how ideas and opinions circulate and are recycled, with attention being paid to British traits and tropes in these domains. This in-depth study of "issues" and "singularity" aims at understanding how the British media have helped shape the country's culture and representations, thereby providing its people with a sense of togetherness.

Volume 1 focuses on the press, the internet and cinema as mass media, from the prolific and innovative Victorian era - the matrix of the modern world - to the turn of the 21st century with the challenge of digitalisation. Newspapers, magazines, films and music are studied as vehicles for fostering shared collective identities ("imagined communities") and for projecting a certain image of Britain at home and abroad ("soft power").

This book aims to extend existing historical, literary and media knowledge of neglected written voices as a form of print participation in the Second World War. Uniquely, it is framed by an awareness of contemporary requirements for both secrecy and deception, which, it is argued, were nevertheless characterised by a rare participatory inclusivity in terms of writers and audiences - that has hitherto only been perceived as a characteristic of 'citizen's journalism' in the internet age. Comparative cases of resistance using newspapers during the Second World War comprise original and clandestine sources from France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Norway, and Britain - analysed for the effect that intelligence and planned deception had on local publications as well as on readers of resistance broadsheets.

The volume introduces a diverse range of themes and practices relating to sustainable heritage management. Each paper delves into the challenges, successes, and failures of preserving precious cultural heritage. It discusses various strategies, such as the early inclusion of archaeology in UNESCO frameworks to leveraging archaeological findings and indigenous knowledge for sustainable development goals. The chapters explore the evolution of autoarchaeology as a tool for empowering Indigenous communities to assert their human rights and integrating oral histories and local ecological knowledge to interpret ancient remains. Additionally, it highlights the value of archaeologists working more closely with Indigenous peoples, local communities, and other disciplines in identifying, preserving, conserving and managing heritage sites. It appeals to archaeologists, anthropologists, cultural geographers, cultural heritage professionals and others seeking new ways to protect cultural heritage.