How the "recycling" of the Ottoman Empire's uses of genealogy and religion created new political orders in the Middle East

In this groundbreaking book, Adam Mestyan argues that post-Ottoman Arab political orders were not, as many historians believe, products of European colonialism but of the process of "recycling empire." Mestyan shows that in the post-World War I Middle East, Allied Powers officials and ex-Ottoman patricians collaborated to remake imperial institutions, recycling earlier Ottoman uses of genealogy and religion in the creation of new polities, with the exception of colonized Palestine. These polities, he contends, should be understood not in terms of colonies and nation-states but as subordinated sovereign local states-localized regimes of religious, ethnic, and dynastic sources of imperial authority. Meanwhile, governance without sovereignty became the new form of Western domination.

Drawing on previously unused Ottoman, French, Syrian, and Saudi archival sources, Mestyan explores ideas and practices of creating composite polities in the interwar Middle East and, in doing so, sheds light on local agency in the making of the forgotten Kingdom of the Hijaz, Jordan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Syria, the first Muslim republic. Mestyan considers the adjustment of imperial Islam to a world without a Muslim empire, discussing the post-Ottoman Egyptian monarchy and the intertwined making of Saudi Arabia and the State of Syria in the 1920s and 1930s.

Mestyan's innovative analysis shows how an empire-based theory of the modern political order can help refine our understanding of political dynamics throughout the twentieth century and down to the turbulent present day.

A monumental intellectual history of the pivotal figure of Hindu nationalism

Vinayak Damodar Savarkar (1883-1966) was an intellectual, ideologue, and anticolonial nationalist leader in India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule, one whose anti-Muslim writings exploited India's tensions in pursuit of Hindu majority rule. Savarkar and the Making of Hindutva is the first comprehensive intellectual history of one of the most contentious political thinkers of the twentieth century.

Janaki Bakhle examines the full range of Savarkar's voluminous writings in his native language of Marathi, from political and historical works to poetry, essays, and speeches. She reveals the complexities in the various positions he took as a champion of the beleaguered Hindu community, an anticaste progressive, an erudite if polemical historian, a pioneering advocate for women's dignity, and a patriotic poet. This critical examination of Savarkar's thought shows that Hindutva is as much about the aesthetic experiences that have been attached to the idea of India itself as it is a militant political program that has targeted the Muslim community in pursuit of power in postcolonial India.

By bringing to light the many legends surrounding Savarkar, Bakhle shows how this figure from a provincial locality in colonial India rose to world-historical importance. Savarkar and the Making of Hindutva also uncovers the vast hagiographic literature that has kept alive the myth of Savarkar as a uniquely brave, brilliant, and learned revolutionary leader of the Hindu nation.

This book presents a new paradigm for attending to gender-based violence (GBV) social media discourse among marginalised Black women in South Africa.

Focusing on the intersections of television and social media, the study charts the morphing and merging of the "inside" of the soap opera and the "outside" of the real world, amid a rise in feminist social media activism. The analysis begins with coverage of gender-based violence in a long-running South African soap opera and social media discussion of these issues, in parallel with real-world events and the collective social media response. The author offers pertinent insights into audiences in sub-Saharan Africa, presenting a new feminist trajectory for women and activism in the region.

Offering new insights into an important issue, this book will be of interest to scholars and students of gender, cultural studies, film studies, television studies, sociology, development studies, feminism, media, and journalism.

Gender Inequality and Women's Citizenship combines cases across Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago to highlight the range of systemic inequalities that impact women in the Anglo-Caribbean.

Using empirical and secondary data and drawing on feminist theoretical insights, Yonique Campbell and Tracy-Ann Johnson-Myers examine a range of pertinent and intersecting social, political and economic challenges facing women in the Anglo-Caribbean. The issues explored include gender-based violence, barriers to women in politics, the effects of COVID-19 on women, and debates around the illegality of abortion rights and failure to protect the health of women by allowing them to exercise autonomy over their bodies. They raise questions about systemic inequalities resulting from patriarchal gender relations, heteronormativity, women's social and economic status, and state inaction.

This book is unique in its interdisciplinary analysis of gender inequality in the Anglo-Caribbean, mapping the intersection of women's multiple identities and positionalities to determine the obstacles they encounter. It will be of interest to scholars and researchers of International Relations, Caribbean Studies, Gender and Sexuality Studies, Development Studies, Sociology and Anthropology.

This book turns critical feminist scrutiny on national climate policies in India and examines what transition might really mean for marginalized groups in the country.

A vision of "just transitions" is increasingly being used by activists and groups to ensure that pathways towards sustainable futures are equitable and inclusive. Exploring this concept, this volume provides a feminist study of what it would take to ensure just transitions in India where gender, in relation to its interesting dimensions of power, is at the centre of analysis. With case studies on climate mitigation and adaptation from different parts of India, the book brings together academics, practitioners and policymakers who provide commentary on sectors including agriculture, forestry and renewables. Overall, the book has relevance far beyond India's borders, as India's attempt to deal with its diverse population makes it a key litmus test for countries seeking to transition against a backdrop of inequality both in the Global North and South.

This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of climate policy, gender studies, sustainable development and development studies more broadly.

The book offers an analytical and empirical account of the specificities of political entertainment in post-authoritarian democracies.

Centered around Mexico as a case study, the book explores the production of political entertainment in post-authoritarian legacy media and how political and economic conditions constrain the range and edge of discourse; how political entertainment in social media is shaped by the structure of platforms, as creators are encouraged to conform to specific norms such as constant publication; and the impacts of these media on attitude formation among the population. The book proposes a theoretical framework for identifying the specific conditions of post-authoritarian democracies that constrain the production of political entertainment, as well as its outcomes in terms of content and effects. This framework can be applied to the analysis of similar case studies, particularly in the Global South at large.

With an analysis drawing on hard data, historical accounts, and anecdotal evidence, this volume will resonate within academic communities interested in political communication, media studies, transitional democracies, and popular culture.

This book considers the work of the preeminent scholar on decoloniality, Sabelo Ndlovu-Gatsheni, as a means of examining the development of decoloniality discourse and considering the future direction of the African knowledge economy.

Sabelo Ndlovu-Gatsheni has been instrumental in the construction of theories and ideas necessary for advancing a decolonial system of education and epistemology. This book considers how Professor Ndlovu-Gatsheni's work has helped to shape our thinking both on Mugabe and the history of Zimbabwe, and beyond to the broader questions of race, liberation, higher education, and the future of decolonial studies. Renowned author Professor Toyin Falola then invites us to consider the dangers of continued repression of African epistemologies, and the enormous benefits of an alternative knowledge economy in which a diverse multiplicity of ideas drives our understanding of the world on to new heights.

Unpacking the various conceptual leanings of decoloniality through the works of one of its leading lights, this book will be an essential read for researchers across the fields of African Studies, Race Studies, Philosophy, and Education.

How Mexican and Latinx hackers apply concepts from coding to their lived experiences

In Code Work, Hector Beltran examines Mexican and Latinx coders' personal strategies of self-making as they navigate a transnational economy of tech work. Beltran shows how these hackers apply concepts from the code worlds to their lived experiences, deploying batches, loose coupling, iterative processing (looping), hacking, prototyping, and full-stack development in their daily social interactions-at home, in the workplace, on the dating scene, and in their understanding of the economy, culture, and geopolitics. Merging ethnographic analysis with systems thinking, he draws on his eight years of research in Mexico and the United States-during which he participated in and observed hackathons, hacker schools, and tech entrepreneurship conferences-to unpack the conundrums faced by workers in a tech economy that stretches from villages in rural Mexico to Silicon Valley.

Beltran chronicles the tension between the transformative promise of hacking-the idea that coding will reconfigure the boundaries of race, ethnicity, class, and gender-and the reality of a neoliberal capitalist economy divided and structured by the US/Mexico border. Young hackers, many of whom approach coding in a spirit of playfulness and exploration, are encouraged to appropriate the discourses of flexibility and self-management even as they remain outside formal employment. Beltran explores the ways that "innovative culture" is seen as central in curing Mexico's social ills, showing that when innovation is linked to technological development, other kinds of development are neglected. Beltran's highly original, wide-ranging analysis uniquely connects technology studies, the anthropology of capitalism, and Latinx and Latin American studies.

This collection presents a holistic picture of the sociolinguistic landscape in Bangladesh, offering a critical understanding of language ideologies and social inequalities in the country, as they connect more widely to dynamics in the Global South.

The book seeks to untangle the voices embedded in the language practices of a range of communities and professions in the region, which have been little studied in the literature, and encourage a rethinking of the relationships between language and nationality, class, ethnicity, race, and gender. Highlighting perspectives from established and emerging researchers and drawing on a wide range of theoretical approaches and methodologies, the volume is organized around such key themes as bilingualism and diglossia; language variation across domains; language and identity in literature; and the interconnectedness of language, identity, and globalization. Taken together, the collection calls attention to the socially and spatially situated nature of language practices in Bangladesh and in turn, the ways in which scholars in the Global South make sense of the sociolinguistic landscape at both the local and global levels.

This book will appeal to scholars working in sociolinguistics, particularly those working on language policy, language and identity, language variation, and in or about the Global South.

This book is the first collection to showcase the flourishing field of environmental humanities in Central Asia. A region larger than Europe, Central Asia possesses an astounding range of environments, from deserts to glaciated peaks.

The volume brings into conversation scholarship from history to social anthropology, demonstrating the contribution that interdisciplinary and engaged research offers to many urgent issues in the region: from the history of conservationism to the tactics of environmental movements, from literary engagements with 'pure nature' to the impact of fossil fuel extraction. The collection focuses on the Central Asian republics of the former USSR, where a complex layering of nomadic and sedentary, Turkic and Persianate, Islamic and Soviet cultures ends up affecting human relations with distinct environments. Featuring state-of-the-art contributions, the book enquires into human-environment relations through a broad-brush typology of interactive modes: to extract, protect, enspirit and fear. Broadening the scope of analysis beyond a consideration of power, the authors bring into focus alternative local cosmologies and the unintended consequences of environmental policy. The volume highlights scholarship from within Central Asia as well as expertise elsewhere, offering readers diverse modes of knowledge-production in the environmental humanities.

This book is an important resource for researchers and students of the environmental humanities, sustainability, history, politics, anthropology and geography of Asia, as well as Soviet and Post-Soviet studies.

Chapter 11 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Archaeology of Pacific Oceania, now in its second edition, offers a state-of-the-art and fully detailed chronological narrative of how Pacific Oceania came to be inhabited over a long time scale, posing fundamental questions both for Pacific Oceania and for global archaeology.

The Pacific Ocean covers 165 million sq. km, nearly one-third of the world's total surface area, yet its thousands of islands and their diverse cultural histories are scarcely known to the other two-thirds of the world. This book asks how and why did this vast sea of islands come to be inhabited over the last several millennia, transcending significant change in ecology, demography, and society? What were the roles of overseas contacts in the development of social networks, economic trade, and population dynamics? What can any or all of the thousands of islands offer as ideal model systems for comprehending globally significant issues of human-environment relations and coping with changing circumstances of natural and cultural history? What do the island archaeology records reveal about coastal setting as part of the larger human experience? How does Pacific Oceanic archaeology relate with a larger Asia-Pacific context or with the scope of world archaeology? The new second edition of Archaeology of Pacific Oceania addresses these questions and more, providing an updated synthesis of this important region.

Archaeology of Pacific Oceania is for scholars of Asia-Pacific archaeology and anthropology and will support students investigating the archaeology of Pacific Oceania.

Tamara Feinstein investigates the bloody Shining Path conflict's effect on the legal Left in late-twentieth-century Peru, illustrating the catastrophic impact state and insurgent violence can have on the growth and resilience of democratic political actors during times of war.

In this engaging historical study, Tamara Feinstein chronicles the late-twentieth-century Shining Path conflict and argues that it significantly contributed to the rupture and disintegration of the noninsurgent legal Left in Peru by deepening preexisting divisions and eradicating an entire generation of leaders. Using a combination of oral histories, archival documents, contemporary media accounts, and participant observation of commemorations, Feinstein maps the trajectory of the Peruvian Left's rise and fall by analyzing two emblematic human rights cases that occurred at the Left's zenith and nadir: the state-based violence of the 1986 Lima prison massacres and the 1992 Shining Path assassination of leftist shantytown leader Maria Elena Moyano. The lessons found in The Fate of Peruvian Democracy reach beyond Peru to connect with other Latin American countries. Peru's story illustrates the difficulties of accumulating political force during times of violence, underscores how struggles for self-defense can complicate ideological stances on violence, and helps explain the unevenness of the resurgence of the Left (the so-called "pink tide") in Latin America in the twenty-first century. The book contributes to debates on memory and human rights in Peru and Latin America where divisions over how to remember the war retraced the fault lines of earlier debates over democracy and violence.

This book clarifies the crucial role of periodical press in the advance of colonial print cultures and public debates in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

The Colonial Periodical Press in the Indian and Pacific Ocean Regions is a venture of the International Group for Studies of Colonial Periodical Press of the Portuguese Empire (IGSCP-PE), which also invests in comparative studies and conceptual discussions. Moving around urban shores of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, it approaches the crucial role of periodical press in the development of colonial print cultures and public debates in these regions. By being mostly focused on press from spaces and peoples under the domain of the Portuguese Empire, it addresses a bibliographical gap in international discussions moved by the field. The outcome reflects an investment in offering decentred and de-nationalized approaches to the colonial print cultures and press histories under study, working as a platform for regional dialogues and comparative perspectives. The studies presented allow a better understanding of transits and connections of both an imperial and a trans-imperial nature, contributing to the consolidation of comparative approaches in the studies of European empires and colonialisms.

This volume is indispensable for scholars and students in media studies, modern history, cultural studies, literary studies and political science.

Television has a prime role to play in the formation of discursive domains in the everyday life of South Asian publics. This book explores various television media practices, social processes, mediated political experiences and everyday cultural compositions from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

With the help of country-specific case studies, it captures a broad range of themes which foreground the publics and their real-life experiences of television in the region. The chapters in this book discuss gendered television spaces, women seeking solace from television in pandemic, the taboo in digital TV dramas, television viewership and localizing publics, changing viewership from television to OTT, news and public perception of death, redefining 'the national', theatrical television and post-truth television news, among other key issues.

Rich in ethnographic case studies, this volume will be a useful resource for scholars and researchers of media and communication studies, journalism, digital media, South Asian studies, cultural studies, sociology and social anthropology.

This book provides a theoretical and practical foundation needed to change the practice of land use management in Southern Africa.

It presents an overview of alternative land use management system for South African municipalities that is economically, socially, and environmentally more sustainable than many of the land use schemes in effect at present. Land use management is a component of spatial governance that controls the nature and extent of development to prevent harmful impacts on people and the environment. As the current system with its colonial/modernist planning and regulatory mechanisms were never designed to deal with rapid change, urbanisation, and informality, a different form of land development and land use management is necessary. This timely book reflects the culmination of many years of practical experience and research into various aspects of land use management by the authors and studies undertaken by their master's and doctoral students. The book goes beyond an analysis of the problems and suggests concrete proposals that can be applied throughout Southern Africa based on a rural-to-urban transect.

This book is directed to a broad range of readers interested in spatial planning and land use management. It will be of interest to those in the fields of geography, urban studies, urban design, planning, and architecture.

Buntu Swisa has written a vivid biography of Dan Qeqe, the legendary sportsman, powerbroker and pioneer of black rugby and the liberation of sport. His book examines the complex and questionable relationships that Qeqe had with the enemies of non-racial sport, which cemented his power base. Siwisa tells the story of Qeqe's life and times and at the same time has written a social and political biography of Port Elizabeth-a people's history of Port Elizabeth. As much as Qeqe was a local legend, his achievements had national repercussions and, indeed, continue to this day.

Print editions not for sale in Sub Saharan Africa.

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, known as Bangabandhu by his followers/countrymen, is the most prominent political figure in the emergence of Bangladesh. Bangabandhu transcended his contemporaries and even his political mentors considering the impact he had on the creation of the new nation-state. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the leadership and legacy of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib in the framing of modern Bangladesh. It discusses themes like the formation of Bangladesh; the Bengali nationalist movement; Bangabandhu and his political socialization; Bangabandhu's political and administrative philosophy and his economic and developmental thoughts. Topical and lucid, this book is a must-read for scholars and researchers of Political Science, South Asian Politics, South Asian History, Political Leadership, Political Sociology and also for the Bangladeshi diaspora.

This book explores the complex relationship between urban space and displacement in Turkey. It evaluates how the displacement of people and cultures has affected the spatiotemporal landscapes of the nation at different periods of contemporary Turkey, with an emphasis on various narratives of the relocating population and their relationship to the environment.

Contemporary cities are constantly changing due to the movement of people from different regions, resulting in shifting population patterns globally. Understanding displacement and its effects on space are crucial in studying this phenomenon, as it not only involves the physical relocation of individuals, but also the transfer of cultural practices within a condensed timeframe. This process changes the destination of settlements irreversibly. This book takes a methodological approach and disclinary approach, examining the migration and displacement of people and its effects upon art, architecture, culture and politics in Turkish cities.

This book will be of interest to students and scholars interested in migration and its effects on cities, urban planning and architecture.

This monograph utilizes three theoretical models to explain Kazakhstan's emergence as an independent state and its changing relationships with the broader world, particularly Russia, since the beginning of the twentieth century.

The book first explores the construction of Kazakh national identity and the ways in which intellectuals appealed to history to substantiate their claims about Kazakhstan's future. Secondly, the narrative demonstrates that not all segments of totalitarian machinery work in unison. While terror reached its peak in the 1930s, cultural and ideological control was not as rigid as it would become in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Most importantly, the work is grounded in the study of the social universe. The book introduces the notion of "cosmos," the peculiar connections between social, economic, and political forces. While not necessarily directly dependent on each other, they nevertheless created a unique interplay among the segments of societal structures and the state's relationship with the wider universe. Taking this framework as the point of departure, this research analyzes Kazakhstan's "multi-vectorism" as uniquely fit to contemporary global arrangements, when no global power dominates, and the lines between friend and foe are blurred.

This compelling approach to Kazakhstan's history will appeal to postgraduate students and scholars in Russian history and world history.

This book emphasises the need to empower marginalised communities to contribute to decision-making processes within policy realms. It contributes to ongoing debates in the social sciences about infrastructure rights and citizenship, and it throws insight on human-infrastructure interactions in the informal neighbourhoods of the global South.

The book delves into the complexities of caste, gender, class, and political identities and affiliations associated with the multiple factors of inclusion and exclusion particularly in the case of access to infrastructure in informal settlements in urban areas with an added productive function. This book is about how this historic inner-city, situated, religious idol-crafting community is transforming due to factors including access to physical and social infrastructure, local governance policies, sociopolitical hierarchies, and complexities of informal tenure. Drawing on sociocultural norms, and values of idol-crafting practices, it documents, analyses, and presents the networks and relations of the neighbourhood through a spatial and material lens. Findings contribute to understanding how traditional practices of a crafting community are adapting, appropriating, producing, and reshaping informal spaces in Kumartuli.

The book is aimed at academic audiences across the world researching creative industries, Kolkata's regeneration agenda, and cultural tourism. It will be of interest to the wide disciplines of Urban Studies, Development Studies, Architecture and Planning, and Culture and Tourism Studies.