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How do children develop an understanding of future events? In this review of two decades of empirical and theoretical work, leading researchers in developmental psychology and neuroscience explore what is known about the development of future-oriented processes. Following Marshall Haith's seminal studies on early infant anticipation, this collection begins with a survey of current knowledge about the early development of expectations. Addressing both the state of neural research in this field and the role of language and social context in the development of future orientation, the authors discuss the nature of planning in action, future orientation in humans and in non-human primates, and the development of intermediate and long-term expectations with regard to cognitive skills and scientific activity. Combining developmental and cognitive perspectives, this volume should interest professionals in developmental psychology, child development and neuropsychology.