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Intended for engineers from a variety of disciplines that deal with structural materials, this text describes the current state of knowledge of how fractures in materials form and propagate, leading to failure. The book begins by describing the fracture process at the two extremes of scale: first in the context of atomic structures, then in terms of a continuous elastic medium. Treating the fracture process in increasingly sophisticated ways, the book then considers plastic corrections and the procedures for measuring the toughness of materials. Practical considerations are then discussed, including crack propagation, geometry dependence, flaw density, mechanisms of failure by cleavage, the ductile-brittle transition, and continuum damage mechanics. The text concludes with discussions of generalized plasticity and the link between the microscopic and macroscopic aspects. The text is suitable for advanced undergraduates. Problems are provided at the end of each chapter.