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Psychologists, educators, and related health care professionals spend an enormous amount of time and energy evaluating the abilities of children and adults they serve. Assessment may be tailored to determine cognitive strengths and weaknesses, academic progress, the effects of central nerv- ous system trauma, personality, and so on. For many children and adults, traditional verbally laden instruments cannot be used. For example, indi- viduals who have speech and/or language defiCits, hearing impairments, emotional problems, and those from other cultures, cannot be evaluated with tests that rely on standard English. Our culture is becoming increas- ingly diverse; as a result, schools and mental-health professionals are required to serve an increasingly large community of nontraditional learn- ers. Because many of these individuals cannot be evaluated fairly by language-loaded tests, there is a need to use techniques and tools that are language free or can be adapted or modified to minimize the effect of language. For these individuals, language is a barrier to assessment rather than a vehicle. The primary goal for the contributors to the Handbook oj Nonverbal Assessment is to describe the most current assessment strategies and related best practices to professionals who serve individuals from diverse cultures or those who have difficulty using the English language; such professionals include school psychologists, special educators, speech and hearing specialists, rehabilitation coun- and so on.