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The Doppelgaenger or Double presents literature as the "double" of philosophy. There are historical reasons for this. The genesis of the Doppelgaenger is literature's response to the philosophical focus on subjectivity. The Doppelgaenger was coined by the German author Jean Paul in 1796 as a critique of Idealism's assertion of subjective autonomy, individuality and human agency. This critique prefigures post-War extrapolations of the subject as decentred. From this perspective, the Doppelgaenger has a "family resemblance" to current conceptualizations of subjectivity. It becomes the emblematic subject of modernity.
This is the first significant study on the Doppelgaenger's influence on philosophical thought. The Doppelgaenger emerges as a hidden and unexplored element both in conceptions of subjectivity and in philosophy's relation to literature. Vardoulakis demonstrates this by employing the Doppelgaenger to read literature philosophically and to read philosophy as literature. The Doppelgaenger then appears instrumental in the self-conception of both literature and philosophy.