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This two-volume set examines the ramifications of considering criminal careers as analagous to occupational careers. Just as occupational researchers study entry into occupational positions, transitions between them, and exits from the world of work, so criminologists study the initiation of criminnality, shifts in the kinds of crimes someone commits, and desistence from illegality. Volume one reports on research that assesses the merits of these conflicting perspectives on criminal careers with empirical data. The findings also assess the impact of labelling or other kinds of "reinforcement" on the evolution of criminal cases. The readings in volume two assume that offenses are not necessarily interchangeable. They consist of studies of careers in particular offenses, and do not assume that all offenders exhibit a high degree of versatiltiy.