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Space has allowed humanity to gain much perspective in a variety of compelling ways. This book explores those perspectives and how they inform some of our biggest questions. It examines key philosophical and policy implications of human activities in space through treatments of space-based astrophysics and cosmology, astrobiology, the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), and other human activities in space such as human exploration and commercial/private endeavors. The author take the approach to examine philosophical issues regarding origins and the far future as "bookends" to an applied philosophy treatment regarding present space activities and policy considerations. Examples of philosophical implications regarding origins are an examination of how space-based astrophysics and cosmology has informed our understanding of the origin and evolution of the early universe and the implications for fundamental physics and worldviews. Also, an examination of how astrobiology and SETI informs how we understand our origins. Examples of philosophical implications regarding the far future are the examination of cosmology and the fate of the universe and the role of life and intelligence in the future of the universe. Examples of applied philosophical examinations regarding present issues, many of which overlap and interrelate, are: space as common heritage, search for extraterrestrial intelligence, homo spaciens & post-biology, long-term survival, risk posture, and finally, value proposition of space activities. The material presented in this book will benefit space practitioners in both policy and technical arenas, as well as researchers and academics in fields such as space policy, science and society, and philosophy, with an emphasis on applied philosophy.