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Demand response is a valuable resource for meeting the nation's energy needs. By lowering the peak demand for energy, demand response programs reduce the need to construct new, expensive generation units. However, according to a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC or Commission) staff report -- A National Assessment of Demand Response Potential (National Assessment), submitted to Congress in June 2009 -- current demand response programs tap less than a quarter of the total market potential for demand response. The FERC staff has worked with stakeholders to develop a National Action Plan on Demand Response (National Action Plan), which sets out actions to achieve the demand response potential in the United States. Congress required the FERC to develop such a plan in the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007. Because current efforts have missed a significant portion of the cost-effective demand response potential, it is evident that action needs to be taken to either create new programs or expand existing ones where cost-effective. This book provides an overview of the National Action Plan, the process behind its development, and context for understanding it.