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Moving from the revolutionary rhetoric prominent in the early days of President Hafez al-Assad's regime to the present stance of the country's economic reformers and rising business class, this new study traces the evolution of Ba'thist ideological discourse in Syria. The first part of this book focuses on the trend, over the course of the first Assad presidency, away from the idea of revolution toward the 'disciplining logic' that stressed the need for production, sacrifice, and social peace. Turning to the current regime, the second part highlights the ongoing tensions between those that favor the encouragement of entrepreneurship and their opponents, who are championing a new form of Social Darwinism. This work examines the evolution of the Ba'th regime's ideological discourse from 1963 to the present.