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Two Concepts of the Soul in Plato's Phaedo is a fresh study of Plato's psychology with particular focus on his arguments for the immortality of the soul. Through detailed textual study, this new work examines the structure of the dialogue making explicit the nature of the argumentation within the text and its relation to Plato's other accounts of immortality. The author argues that the view of the soul in the Phaedo can be usefully separated into two concepts, which he terms the basic and total concepts. The basic concept consists of the features of the soul that are not used by the character Socrates as the foundation for arguments showing either the pre-existence or post-existence of the soul. In addition to the features contained in the basic concept, the total concept includes the features used as the basis of arguments intending to prove either the pre-existence of the soul, as well as the features of pre-existence and post-existence themselves. This book will prove useful to upper-level undergraduate or graduate students of ancient philosophy, philosophy of the mind, classics, and ancient history.