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Since the birth of the Republic of Korea in 1948, a number of significant changes in international and domestic politics have influenced the country's security policy. Among the most important shifts are those of regional security structure, regional economic interdependence, and institutional arrangements of domestic politics. In analyzing South Korea's security policy dynamics, this study uses a historical-comparative approach , multi-level or interactive analysis, theory-testing, and descriptive statistics. A historical-comparative approach explores historically continuous and discontinuous patterns of South Korea's security policy influenced by international systemic and domestic institutional factors. It is designed to explore why, when and how the state's security policies fluctuate. There is a comparison of the critical determinants of South Korea's security policies during the Cold War era (1954-1987), transitional phase (1988-1992) and post-Cold War era (1993-1998). Each chapter of the study contains a brief historical overview or description of security policy, review of empirical evidence or data-based analysis informed by theoretical hypotheses, and theoretical interpretation.