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In a time of eroding sovereignty and resurgent nationalism, this collection provides an investigation of the moral foundations of the international order. Drawing on diverse philosophical and theological perspectives, the contributors debate the character of international society, the authority of international law and institutions, and the demands of international justice. In a series of philosophical essays, each followed by a critical commentary, the book considers the contributions of legal positivism, natural law, Kantian ethics, contractarian theory, and moral cosmopolitanism to the discussion of law and justice in international society. It also includes commentaries by experts in Jewish, Christian and Islamic moral theology, and a concluding chapter that compares and contrasts the views presented without seeking to adjudicate their differences. The volume should serve as an introduction to the topic and as a resource for scholars, journalists, policy-makers, and anyone else who wants to understand better the range of moral perspectives that underlies discussion of the international order. In addition to the editors, the contributors are: Brian Barry; Chris Brown; John Charvet; Richard Friedman; Robert P. George; Sohail Hashmi; Pierre Laberge; David Miller; David Novak; Max L. Stackhouse; Fernando R. Teson; and Frederick G. Whelan.