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Michel Foucault, Claude Levi-Strauss, Roland Barthes, Jacques Derrida, Louis Althusser, Jacques Lacan - the ideas of this group of French intellectuals, who propounded structuralism and poststructuralism, have had reverberations in disciplines ranging from literary theory to sociology, from anthropology to philosophy, and from history to psychoanalysis. Francois Dosse tells the story of structuralism from its beginnings in post-war Paris, a city dominated by the towering figure of Jean-Paul Sartre. The work of Saussure became the point of departure for a group of younger scholars, and the outcome was not only the doom of Sartre as intellectual leader but the birth of a movement that would come to reconfigure French intellectual life and, eventually, the intellectual life of the western world. This account discusses the interrelationship among the central currents of structuralism and situates them in context. It shows how developments in what are usually distinct fields came to exert such profound influence on each other, demonstrating how the early structuralists paved the way for later developments and for contemporary discourses like postmodernism.