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During the past two decades, sub-Saharan Africa has lagged behind other developing regions in economic performance. However, the important overall indicators have masked wide differences among sub-groups of countries in the region. The adjustment experience of sub-Saharan Africa has demonstrated that to achieve gains in real per capita GDP, expansion in private saving and investment is the key. Accordingly, public policies need to be aimed at creating environment conducive to private sector development. The four papers presented in this publication examine the question of to what extent changes in public policies can effectively stimulate private saving and investment.